JERAMI - Indonesian Journal of Crop Science
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The Role of Self-Supporting Extension Agent in Institutional Development of Farmers in Sijunjung Regency and West Pasaman Regency
Full text linkThe advancement of agriculture sector in one region cannot be separated from the role of agricultural extension in the region. To cover the deficiency of agricultural extension agents, self-supporting extension agents are recruited from farmers or private parties. This study aims to analyze the role of self-supporting instructors in improving farmer institutions and analyze factors related to the role of self-supporting extension agents in improving farmer institutions. This research was a qualitative descriptive study, and it was conducted in West Pasaman and Sijunjung Regency with a sample of 38 people. The results showed that self-supporting instructors play a significant role in improving farmer institutions; this is seen from 78% of self-supporting extension agents have a role in increasing farmer institutions. Factors related to the role of self-supporting extension agents in improving farmer institutions are (1) the age of agents, (2) the number of partners from farmer groups, and (3) the frequency of training attended by self-supporting extension agents. To increase the role of self-extension extension agents in the institutional development of farmers, it is recommended that institutions who manage the agricultural extension recruit self-supporting extension agents from the millennial generation and facilitate self-supporting extension agents to be able to participate in training related to farming in the agent's area of work.
 
Estimation Of The Genetic Parameters Of Eight Soybean Varieties In The Wasegi Village At Prafi District Manokwari Regency
Full text linkThis study aims to estimate genetic parameters including genetic diversity coefficient, phenotypic diversity coefficient, heritability value, and the correlation between the character of plants from eight soybean varieties. The research was conducted from August to December 2017, in the Wasafi Village of Prafi District, Manokwari Regency. The study was designed using Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 8 treatments of soybean varieties. Each treatment was repeated 4 times, to obtain 32 experimental units. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA and if it had a significant effect, it was further tested using the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the 95% level, through the Costat program. The results of ANOVA analysis were used to obtain Variable Partition values, Genetic Diversity Coefficient (GDC), Phenotype Diversity Coefficient (PDC), and Heritability. Correlations between characters were also analyzed using the Costat program. Estimation results of genetic parameters indicate that the characters selected for selection criteria are based on the value of GDC, PDC, and high heritability are number of branches, number of fertile books, number of filled pods, and number of total pods. The characters that show a positive correlation with the character of the results are plant height, number of trifoliate leaves, harvest age, number of filled pods, number of empty pods, total pods, and number of seeds per plant, while characters that show a negative correlation to a seed weight character are flowering age
The Effect Of Seed Treatment Duration With Entomopathogenic Fungi Beauveria Bassiana On Seed Germination And Seedling Growth Of Chili
No full textBeauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuill. is an entomopathogenic fungi can live endophytic on different kinds of plants. B. bassiana also play a role as growth promoters that improves seed germination and growth of plant. The effect of increased duration of seed treatment with Beauveria bassiana on seed germination and seedling parameters in chili were assessed in laboratory and field conditions. Chili seeds were soaked in the conidial suspension of B. bassiana in a concentration of 1 x 108 conidial / ml or in sterile distilled water for 3, 6, 9, and 12 h. Seed germination percentages and the vigor index were significantly affected by the application of B. bassiana. Overall, seed germination, the vigor index and plant growth of chili were significantly enhanced as seed treatment duration increased. B. bassiana can also accelerate seed germination of chili and increase of seedling growth. Soaking the seeds with a B. bassiana suspension for 9 hours is the best time to increase of seed germination and seedling growth of chil
Study Of Physiological Characteristics Of Sorghum Seeds (Sorghum Bicolor L.) That Have Been Invigorated
No full textThe limiting factor affecting the production of sorghum in Indonesia is the rapid decline of sorghum seed vigor and viability. One way of restoring vigor and viability is hydration-dehydration. This study aimed to know that invigoration with the hydration-dehydration method can improve the quality of physiological sorghum seed and to determine the most appropriate conditions to use. This experiment used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 4 replicates and was conducted at the Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology, Andalas University from January until March 2019. The treatment in these trials are: A = not hydrated-dehydrated seeds (control), B = Hydration for 1 hour and dehydration for 6 hours at the temperature 400C, C = high-quality seeds. The data were analyzed using the F test at the 5% significance level. Significant differences were further analyzed using an Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test also at the 5% level. The results showed that hydration-dehydration can increase the vigor and viability of sorghum seeds from 56% to 70,5% and 55% to 75%
The Evaluation Of Nutrition Containers In Hope Of New Type Of Red Rice Cross Silopuk Cultivar Using Fatmawati Variety
No full textAbsrtrak Entering moderniasi era, awareness of the public about the importance of health and healthy lifestyle has begun to be applied, one consuming rice are high in protein and low in carbohydrates such as brown rice. This study aims to determine the nutritional content of the lines of hope crossing Silopuk cultivars with superior varieties Fatmawati . The research took place from September to October 2019. The genetic material used was the F5 generation seed selected from 18 families and selected as many as 6 families to be tested for protein content, food fiber, carbohydrates and glycemic index. . The results showed a protein content ranging from 12 , 24 % to 17.56%. The value of the protein content was lowest for the strain SF5-118-35-15 that is the biggest 12 , 24 %, while the value of the highest protein content found in different types of rice SF5-12-26-4 that is equal to 17.56%. The level of food fiber ranges from 1 , 05 % to 4.31%. The highest value of food fiber content is in the SF5-12-48-17 strain which is equal to 4 , 31 % and the lowest food fiber content is in the SF5-118-35-15 strain which is 1.05%. Carbohydrate content ranges from 66 , 5122 % to 71.9867%. The highest carbohydrate content is in the SF5-118-35-15 strain which is 71.9867% and the lowest is in the SF5-12-26-4 strain which is 66.5122%. The glycemic index ranging from 46 , 56 % to 54.98% and relatively low criteria.
Keywords : Carbohydates, family, food fiber , glycemic index , protei
Analysis of Marketing Efficiency of Garlic from Nagari SalayoTanang Bukik Sileh Sub District of Lembang Jaya District of Solok
No full textThis study aims to describe the marketing channel of garlic from Nagari SalayoTanang Bukik Sileh and to analyze the efficiency of the marketing channel. The study used a survey method, and data were gathered from 30 farmers who chose randomly from 103 farmers and intermediary traders. The research finds that there are four types of marketing channels of garlic in the area. The market channels are as follows: 1) Farmers → Breeders → Farmers, 2) Farmers →wholesalers→Retailers→ Consumers, 3) Farmers → Retailers (in the form of dried onions) → Consumers, 4) Farmers → Retailers → Consumers. Moreover, there is no proportional shared profit among the four marketing channels. Farmers received lower earnings than their proportionate profits, but on the other hand, the benefits received by breeders, wholesalers, and retailers were higher than their proportional profits, so that the marketing channels were inefficient
The Application Of PCR RAPD Technique In Determining Female Sex Of Kapulasan (Nepheleum Lapaceum Mutabile)
Full text linkKapulasan is one of horticultural plants derived from tropical region that has significant economic value. One of the obstacles in cultivating the plant is that kapulasan has flowering type of androdioceus, i.e. the male and the female flowers are separated. Female flowers produce hermaphroditic flowers that can produce fruits while the male ones will not produce fruits. In the cultivation of the plant, it is very difficult to determine the female flowers if they are propagated by seeds. It takes up to 7 years to determine the nature of the flowering. One of the important steps that can be done is through a system of early detection using molecular marks. RAPD technique as a simple technique can be used to distinguish the characteristics. The results of the research show that of the 250 primers used, the OPM-09 primer produces female sex bands related to the controller of the female kapulasan plants of which the ribbon produced is 512 bp in size
Isolation of Cellulose Degradation Bacteria (CDB) from acid soil as a potential candidate of organic waste degradation
Full text linkBackground: The study aimed to obtain CDB with high degraded activities, determined growth curve, protein content, and cellulase maximum activity (exoglucanase and endoglucanase). Method: The cellulose activity calculated according to Miller (1959), protein content was measured by Bradford method with bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a standardize protein. Result: Six isolates of CDB were found as potential degradation of organic waste (Km25, Sr75, Jm, U6, G8, and Km13). Growth curve, protein level, and protein maximum activity occurred on day-3. The largest diameter of clear zone of six isolates was Km25, Sr75, Jm, U6, G8, and Km13 (3.32, 3.31, 2.41, 2.36, 2.19, and 2.04 mm, respectively). Endoglucanase and exoglucanase maximum activity were 0.011-0.402 IU/mL and 0.0028-0.155 IU/mL, respectively. Conclusion: Six isolates showed high activities of cellulase with diameter of clear zone ? 2 cm (Km25, Sr75, Jm, U6, G8, and Km13). Growth maximum curve was on day-3. Highest endo- and exoglucanase activities were on day-3 (0.402 IU/mL and 0.155 IU/mL, respectively) in Jm isolate.
Keywords: Identification, degradation, clear zones, cellulase
Genetic Diversity Of Age, Plant Height And Number Of Grain Per Panicle Characters Of F3 Generation Derived From Crossing Silopuk With Fatmawati Varieties
Full text linkThis study aims to determine the population and genetic parameters of population F3 result of selection pedigri red rice crosses Silopuk with Fatmawati Superior Varieties using Augmented Design. Silopuk cultivars with red and inlaid rice characteristics while Fatmawati varieties with characteristics of large grain size, high production, high grain number, early age and white rice. The crosses are expected to produce high, large grain size, large amount of grain, maturity and color of brown rice. This research was conducted August-November 2016 at UPT Farm Faculty of Agriculture Andalas University. The genetic material used is the seed of the generation of F3 (F3-5, F3-12, F3-55, F3-95, F3-118, F3-122) derivatives of red rice crosses Silopuk with Fatmawati and the seeds of the two elders as a comparison with the experimental method using Augmented Design. The results of this study indicate the F3 population character number of filled grains per panicle is higher than the two parents with a wide range and other characters are between the two parents. The phenotypic diversity of flowering age characters in the F3-122 family is (2,41) and 1000 weight of pithy grains in the family F3-5 (2,31) ; F3-55(2,39) and F3-95 (3,49) relatively narrow. However, heritability in the broadest sense and genetic variability for all characters ranges from moderate to high and narrow to broad. Estimated genetic progress with 5% intensity in F3 population has high criteria for all characters (age of flowering, harvest age, plant height, stem length, total tillers, number of productive tillers, total grain / panicle, percentage of filled grains / panicle , total grain weight / clump and weight of filled grain / clump) except panicle length characters and 1000 grain weight of filled grains. Differential selection of population F3 with 10% selection intensity based on 1000 grain weight of pith grain, plant height and total grain weight per hill obtained 31 selected individuals. Selected individuals will be forwarded to the F4 generatio
The Effect of Level Farmers' Knowledge In Some Active Chemical Insecticides Resistance to Control Plutella Xylostella Scale Laboratory
No full textPengaruh Tingkat Pengetahuan Petani Pada Resistensi Beberapa Bahan Aktif Insektisida Kimia Untuk Mengendalikan Ulat Plutella Xylostella Skala Laboratorium
The Effect of Level Farmers' Knowledge In Some Active Chemical Insecticides Resistance to Control Plutella Xylostella Scale Laboratory
Catur Hermanto, Rasiska Tarigan dan Fatiani Manik
Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran – Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian
Jln Tangkuban Perahu No 517, Lembang, Bandung Barat 40391;
e-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRAK Petani dan pestisida merupakan dua sisi yang saling berkaitan dalam mengendalikan serangan hama penyakit tanaman dilapangan Penggunaan pestisida oleh petani semakin hari kian meningkat khususnya didataran tinggi, namun peningkatan ini tidak diimbangi dengan pemahaman dalam menggunakan pestisida. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat pengetahuan dan resistensi insektisida yang digunakan petani kubis di kabupaten Karo. Penelitian dilaksanakan di laboratorium Kebun Percobaan Berastagi dengan ketinggian tempat 1.340 mdpl yang dilaksanakan dari bulan september sampai november 2015. Pelaksanaan dibagi 2(dua) tahap. Tahap Pertama mengumpulkan makalah melalui teknik diskusi kelompok petani dan pengencer dan wawancara menggunakan kuisioner. Total jumlah responden 10 orang per 4 kecamatana. Dari hasil kuisioner dipilih jenis insektisida yang sering digunakan petani untuk diuji kepekaan ulat plutella xylostella terhadap insektisida yang diuji pada skala dilaboratoium. Empat perlakuan dengan masing-masing terdiri atas 9 taraf konsentrasi menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dan diulang 3 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan petani kubis dikabupaten karo melakukan pencampuran fungi dan insektisida > 2jenis dengan frekwensi penyemprotan 2 x 1 minggum serta dosis yang digunakan tidak sesuai dengan KF yang dianjurkan. Nilai LC 50 insektisida kimia dari bahan aktif klorantranilipro, prefenofos, sipemetrin dan kloropinofos berturut-turut 1,87 ml, 1,5 ml, 1,5 ml dan 2 ml. Dan waktu Waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk mematikan 50 % plutella xylostella (LT 50) dari keempat insektisida kimia berbahan aktif klorantranilipro, prefenofos, sipemetrin dan Kloropinfos berturut-turut adalah 39.20, 19.43, 23.57 dan 30.15 jam
Kata kunci : Pengetahuan, Resistensi, Insektisida Kimia, Plutella xylostella , Laboratorium
ABSTRACT. The Farmers and pesticides are important aspects that interrelated tocontroll pests in the field of plant diseases as well as opportunities occur resistensi. The use of pesticides by farmers is constantly increasing, especially in the highlands, but this increase is not offset by an understanding in the use of pesticides. The aimed of the research to find the knowledge and the use of insecticide resistance cabbage farmers in Karo District. The research was conducted at the laboratory of Berastagi experimental farm with altitude of 1,340 meters above sea level implemented from the month of September to November 2015. The implementation of divided by 2 (two) stages. The first is to collect issues by discussion technique of farmers group and diluent and interview using a questionnaire. Total number of respondents is ten peoples each four districts. From the questionnaire result so the selected types of insecticides often used by famers for the testing of sensitivity plutella xylostella to insecticides test at laboratory scale with four treatment. each consisting of 9 degree of concentration using a completely randomized design and repeated 3 times. each consisting of 9 degree of concentration using a completely randomized design and repeated 3 times. The results showed cabbage farmers in the county karo mixing fungi and insecticides> 2 types with spraying frequency of 2 x 1 week as well as the doses used did not correspond to the recommended KF. LC 50 value of the chemical insecticide active ingredient klorantranilipro, prefenofos, sipemetrin and kloropinofos successively 1.87 ml, 1.5 ml, 1.5 ml and 2 ml. Time and time required to shut down 50% of Plutella xylostella (LT 50) of the four chemical insecticide active ingredient klorantranilipro, prefenofos, sipemetrin and Kloropinfos are respectively 39.20, 19:43, 23:57 and 30.15 hour