JERAMI - Indonesian Journal of Crop Science
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The BAP Responses to the Flowering and Production on variety of Red Onions
No full textThe use of quality seeds can increase the production of garlic. One indicator of increased yield can be seen from the size of cloves. The research aimed to know the growth and production of garlic from clove size and different seeds storage method. The experiment was conducted at Experimental farm Berastagi that began February-June 2018. The experiments was arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design with two factors. The first factor is the size of cloves, namely: 2.3 g / clove, 1.4 g / clove, 0.7 g / clove and the second factor is the storage method of separation of tubers and separation of cloves.. The observed variables include plant height, leaf number, leaf length, stem diameter, tuber weight, tuber diameter, number of cloves, and ability to grow. The results showed that storage method had significant effect on percentage of germination seed. Clove weight and storage method not significant effect on plant height, leaf number, leaf length, neck diamter, tuber weight, tuber diameter and number of cloves. Interaction occurs between treatments the neck diameter of garli
Physiological Characteristics of Soybean Leaves with and without Shading at Palm Oil Plantation, West Papua
Full text linkThe objective of this research was to identify several leaf physiological characteristics of three soybean varieties with and without shading f Oil Palm Plantation. The research was carried out in the oil palm plantation area of PT. Medcopapua Hijau Selaras, Prafi District, West Papua from June to August 2018. This study used a Randomized Complete Design with three replications on two environmental conditions (shade and without shade). The second factor is soybean varieties, consisting of Detam 1, Demas 1 and Dena 1. Leaf samples were collected at seven weeks after planting. The result indicated that no interaction between environmental conditions and varieties on the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, the ratio of chlorophyll a/b, chlorophyll total, anthocyanin and leaf carotenoid. Conditions without shade increase chlorophyll b by 0.1334 mg/g compared to shaded. The Dena 1 variety has the highest chlorophyll a,b and chlorophyll total (1.1039,0.5587 and 1.6627 mg/g). All soybean varieties were not shown differences of anthocyanin or carotene leaves
The Physiological Differential Response Of Sugar Cane (Saccharum Officinaruml.) On Water Deficit Condition
No full textAbstract
Sugarcane is the main sugar-producing plant in the world and also plays an important role as a raw material for bioethanol production. Productivity improvement of the plant is exposed to environmental stress ie: water shortage which is currently a serious problem associated with the global climate change phenomenon. Understanding of plant responses to environmental stress is one of the keys to be able to resolve the issue. In this regard, the fundamental studies related to the sugarcane plant responses to water stress is very important. This study consists of a combination of two factors, namely the type of clones consisting of PS.864, PSJT.941, and VMC.76-16, 851 as tolerant group clones, PS.862, PS.882 and PS.851as non tolerant clones group and lack of water stress treatment for 5 days. The data were analyzed further using DNMRT at 5% significance level. Observations showed that tolerant clones as well as non-tolerant clones PS.862 showed better resistance response than non tolerant groups. The indication was shown by the value of the Relative Water Content (RWC), Specific leaf area (SLA) and Water Deficit Value (WDV). Total protein profiling of sugarcane grown under water deficit and its counterpart differentially distinguished by suppression of protein expression of about 35 kDa in all clones. While in the water deficit condition expression of a protein with a size of 25 kDa is remarkable expressed.
 
Effect of Paclobutrazol Application Field on Seed Rhizome Quality of Ginger during Storability
Full text linkMaintaining the availability of high quality of seed on-time is one of the major problems in the production of large white ginger seed rhizomes (LWG). LWG seeds cannot be stored for a long period of time because it is easily wrinkled and sprouted during the storage. This study aimed to understand the effect of PBZ treatment time and concentration on the quality of LWG seeds during the storage. This study used a randomized square experimental design with three replications. The main plot is the time of application of paclobutrazol: 1) 4 months after planting (MAP) and 2) 5 MAP, and as subplots are five levels of PBZ concentration : 0, 100, 200, 300 and 4 00 ppm. The results showed the treatment of PBZ 400 ppm at 4 and 5 MAP was the best concentration in increasing the shelf life of LWG seeds: growth speed (4.8% / etmal ), seedling height (60.38 cm) and dry weight of seedlings (1.51 g) after stored for 4 months compared with no PBZ treatment
The Effect of Shallot Bulbs Storage Duration and Paclobutrazol Treatments to Disease Attacks on Shallot Plant in Karo Highlands
Full text linkA major challenge in the development of shallot seeds is the limited availability of qualified seed due to pathogen infection during the vegetative phase. The study aims to determine the effect of storage duration and paclobutrazol (PBZ) treatment to the resistance of shallots crop. The study was conducted at the Berastagi Experimental Fields, Vegetable Crops Research Institute in February to May 2017. The experiment was arranged by randomized block design with two factors. The first factor is bulbs storage duration, which is without storage and stored for 2 months. The second factor is PBZ treatment with levels ie 0, 0.5. 1, 1.5 and 2 mL/L. The observation parameters are the diseases percentage, diseases intensity, roots number, and roots length. The results showed that the shallot bulbs that singly stored had a significant effect on the diseases caused by Peronospora destructor, Alternaria porri, and Fusarium wilt with low percentage category. The PBZ treatment had not significant effect on all observation variables, but the interaction with 2 months storage duration had effect on root length at 60 days after planting (DAP)
Prediction of gene action content of Na, K, and Chlorophyll for Soybean Crop Adaptation to Salinity
Full text linkSalinity area experienced an expansion that is the caused contamination of irrigation water, seawater intrusion, drought stress and excessive uses of fertilizers.varieties is one of the plant breeding programs to resolve the salinity problem, before that, however, the breeder must know plant adaptation mechanisms in morphology, physiology and biochemical so that the plant can be categorized adapt and as having potential for the tolerant varieties. This writing aims to know the action of genes through skewness and kurtosis estimation pattern Na, K, and chlorophyll content, so it is known if plant-able to adapt with salinity. This research used a destructive analysis. (A) Anjasmoro varieties, (G) Grobogan varieties, (N) Grobogan varieties that have been through repeated selection as a comparison. Research result shows the tolerant varieties having high K + ions
Aluminium stress examination of Pasaman local brown rice genotypes in early phase
No full textOne of brown rice resistance is tolerant to Aluminium stress. The research was conducted in Seed Technology Laboratory and shade net house of Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University form March to June 2017. The research aimed to study the tolerance of 6 Pasaman brown rice genotypes to Al stress. Factorial design in Completely Randomized Design was used in this research. The first factor was brown rice genotypes, Sigambiri,LadangTalamau, SikarojukSilomlomPulen and Perbatasan. The second factor was AlCl3 doses, 0 ppm, 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 15 ppm and 20 ppm. The data was analysed by F test and extended by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test in 5%. The result showed that there was interaction between Al concentration and 6 brown rice genotypes for height of plant, length of leaves. Based on tolerance level, all genotypes were grouped to Moderate-Tolerant level
The Viability And Vigor Of Rice Varieties (Oryza Sativa L. ) Under High Temperature
No full textThe growth and initial development of the plant greatly determines the survival of the plant at the next stage. This initial phase is also the most sensitive phase of abiotic stress. The level of viability and vigor to produce normal sprouts can explain the success of germination. The aim of this research is to study the temperature change to viabilily and vigor in four rice varieties. Research started from January to February 2018 at Seed Technology and Plant Physiology Laboratory Andalas University and Chemistry Laboratory University Of Padang. This research applies Factorial Experiment in Completely Random Design, where the first factor is four levels of rice varieties, Anak Daro, Batang Piaman, Cisokan and Inpari 30. The second factor is temperature level, 28 0C, 32 0C, 36 0C, 40 0C, 44 0C and 48 0C. Viability and vigor decrease when temperature increase. The optimum temperature for rice germination is 28-32 0 C for Anak Daro, 28-36 0 C for Cisokan, at 28 0 C for Batang Piaman and Inpari 30. Anak Daro and Inpari 30 can germinate until 40 0C. The highest vigor index value at 28 0 C in Cisokan and Inpari 30 (89,33 %). At 28-32 0C Cisokan, Batang Piaman and Inpari 30 has been able to germinate on the second day after planting, but Anak Daro can normal germinate on the third day after planting
Effect Of Seed Hydration-Dehydration Integrated With Rhizobacteria On Viability And Vigor Of Deteriorated Soybean Seed
Full text linkSoybeans undergo rapid deterioration due to its chemical composition and unfavourable storage conditions. The objective of the research was to determine the length period of seed hidration and dehydration which is integrated with rhizobateri to viability and vigor of deteriorated soybean seed. A completely randomized design with four replicates were used in this experiment. Seeds were treated with varied combination of hydration period in a rhizobacteria suspension and followed by dehydration time. Data were analysed using the F-test and significant differences were further tested with Least Significant Difference at the 5% level. Results showed that the hydration and dehydration period of seeds in a rhizobacteria suspension improved viability and vigor of seed which have 59.5% initial germination percentage. The improvement was 12.28%, 0.56, 25.4% and 1.4 days for standard germination test, vigor index, first count test percentage and T50, respectively. The hydration for 60 minutes followed by dehydration for 60 minutes gave the best results on seed viability and vigor
Micropropagationof Male and Female Trees of Andaleh (MorusmacrouraMiq.) through In-vitro Culture using Several Compositionsof Basal Medium
Full text linkAndalehis the local name of MorusmacrouraMiq. in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Nowadays, this dioeciously speciesis in endangered situation. The aim of the research is to find out the appropriate combination of plant growth regulator to induce shoot multiplication of explants from male and female trees of andaleh. The plantlets from this research will be used in the next future to conserve this endangered species in vitro and in vivo, especially in preparing parental material in breeding program. Young buds from male and female trees were used as an explants in basal medium Murashige and Skoog supplemented with BAP (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg.L-1) in combination with NAA (1.0 mg.L-1 for each). The frequency of bud break was 50 % in MS medium supplemented with BAP (0.5 mg.L-1) and NAA 1.0 mg.L-1 for both source of explants (female and female trees of andaleh) after 3 weeks of culture. Generally, the number of shoot induction was very low. On the other hand, the rate of callus formation was high (100%) in highest BAP concentration (2.0 mg.L-1)