Journal Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya / Jurnal Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya
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PENGARUH WAKTU FERMENTASI TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK FISIKOKIMIA, MIKROBIOLOGIS, DAN SENSORIS KOMBUCHA TEH HIJAU
Get PDFKombucha merupakan minuman fermentasi berbahan baku teh dengan tambahan gula sebagai substrat bagi SCOBY (Symbiotic Culture of Bacteria and Yeast). Kombucha memiliki berbagai manfaat kesehatan seperti tinggi akan antioksidan, pencegahan terhadap penyakit kanker, menurunkan kadar gula darah dan memperkuat sistem imun tubuh. Kombucha dapat diolah dari berbagai jenis teh, salah satunya teh hijau. Proses fermentasi kombucha teh hijau akan bergantung pada suhu, pH, dan waktu fermentasi yang digunakan. Waktu fermentasi yang berbeda akan berdampak pada karakteristik fisikokimia, mikrobiologis, dan sensoris kombucha teh hijau. Perbedaan waktu fermentasi memberikan dampak yang signifikan pada warna, pH, total fenolik dan flavonoid, mikroorganisme aktif dalam proses fermentasi, serta sensoris kombucha teh hijau. Penerapan waktu fermentasi kombucha teh hijau selama 14 hari dapat mempertahankan dan meningkatkan senyawa bioaktif yang terkandung dalam teh hijau dengan pH sekitar 2,5 yang terkategorikan layak dan aman untuk dikonsumsi. Mikroorganisme yang berperan dalam proses masih terdeteksi hingga 14 hari fermentasi walau tidak sebanyak saat fermentasi selama 7 hari. Sifat sensoris pada hari ke-14 fermentasi cenderung lebih disukai dengan adanya rasa asam dan pahit yang cukup seimbang.
Kata kunci: kombucha, teh hijau, fermentasi, karakteristik, SCOB
Implementasi Penghitungan PPh 21 Secara Otomatis Berdasarkan Skema Gaji Tahunan di Indonesia
Get PDFProgram ini dirancang untuk menghitung Pajak Penghasilan (PPh 21) berdasarkan gaji bulanan yang dimasukkan oleh pengguna, menggunakan tarif pajak progresif sesuai peraturan perpajakan Indonesia. Program bekerja dengan mengonversi gaji bulanan menjadi gaji tahunan, kemudian menerapkan tarif pajak progresif untuk menentukan besaran pajak yang harus dibayarkan secara otomatis. Dengan pendekatan ini, program bertujuan menyederhanakan proses perhitungan pajak, meningkatkan akurasi hasil, dan mengurangi kesalahan yang sering terjadi pada perhitungan manual. Selain itu, program ini juga diharapkan membantu pengguna memahami kewajiban pajak mereka dengan lebih mudah dan transparan. Meskipun memiliki manfaat signifikan, program ini tetap mempertahankan fokus pada kemudahan penggunaan dan efisiensi dalam memberikan hasil perhitungan. Saat ini, program telah dilengkapi dengan fitur dasar yang mencakup perhitungan berdasarkan gaji pokok serta tarif pajak yang berlaku. Dengan desain yang sederhana namun efektif, program ini dapat menjadi alat bantu yang sangat berguna bagi individu dalam memenuhi kewajiban perpajakan. Ke depannya, pengembangan lebih lanjut akan terus dilakukan untuk memperluas cakupan fitur dan memastikan program tetap relevan dengan kebutuhan pengguna. Program ini diharapkan menjadi solusi praktis yang mendukung pemahaman dan pelaksanaan kewajiban pajak secara lebih baik, sehingga memberikan manfaat nyata bagi masyarakat
Penerapan Metode Seasonal ARIMA (SARIMA) untuk Peramalan Penjualan Barang dengan Pola Musiman Tahunan
Get PDFKetidakakuratan peramalan permintaan barang berdampak signifikan pada manajemen inventori, menyebabkan overstock atau stockout. Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) membangun model Seasonal ARIMA (SARIMA) untuk meningkatkan akurasi peramalan permintaan barang berpola musiman, (2) mengevaluasi kinerja model menggunakan RMSE, MAE, dan MAPE, (3) membandingkan kinerja SARIMA dengan ARIMA konvensional, dan (4) memvalidasi asumsi white noise residual. Data penjualan bulanan PT. Beststamp Indonesia (2015–2019) dianalisis melalui tahapan sistematis: uji stasioneritas Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF), identifikasi model berbasis ACF/PACF, estimasi parameter, validasi backtesting, dan evaluasi metrik kesalahan. Hasil menunjukkan data stasioner setelah differencing musiman (D=1). Model optimal SARIMA(1,0,1)(1,1,0)[12] teridentifikasi dengan RMSE 0.03 dan MAPE 0.55%, mengungguli ARIMA konvensional (RMSE 0.07, MAPE 1.2%). Analisis residual menggunakan uji Ljung-Box (Q=10.7, p=0.33) mengonfirmasi residual memenuhi asumsi white noise, menandakan model telah menangkap seluruh pola data. Simulasi biaya logistik menunjukkan penghematan 22% melalui optimalisasi safety stock berbasis prediksi SARIMA. Penelitian ini membuktikan keefektifan SARIMA dalam menangkap komponen musiman dan tren, sekaligus memberikan kerangka kerja aplikatif untuk industri serupa. Implikasi praktis mencakup rekomendasi peningkatan produksi 15–20% pada kuartal IV serta integrasi variabel eksogen dalam penelitian lanjutan. Temuan ini berkontribusi pada literatur metode kuantitatif dalam manajemen rantai pasok, khususnya di wilayah beriklim tropis dengan pola musiman unik
EFFECTS OF A COMBINATION OF ALCOHOL AND CINNAMOMUM BURMANNII ESSENTIAL OIL SOLUTION ON CANDIDA ALBICANS
Get PDFBackground : Candida albicans is part of body normal flora that become pathogenistic when the host was immunocompromised. Candida albicans has the ability to form biofilm that caused resistance. Cinnamomum burmanii essential oils contains ingredients that capable to penetrate through cell membrane of Candida albicans that can be combinated with alcohol. Purpose : Determine the effect of combination antiseptics solution between alcohol and Cinnamomum burmanii essential oils on Candia albicans. Methods : The study was conducted at the Central Health Laboratory in Surabaya for 1 week using a randomized posttest-only comparison group with Candida albicans which was divided into a control group and a treatment group. The sampling technique is simple random sampling with Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Test data analysis using Kruskall Wallis (p <0.05) followed by Post Hoc test. Result : From the 3 treatment groups with Cinnamomum burmanii essential oils concentration was 1% and 2% also alcohol 80% gave results of data analysis using Kruskall Wallis a significance value of 0.007 which means that there is a significance between the treatment group and the control group. Conclusion : Combination solution of alcohol and Cinnamomum burmanii essential oils has effect of inhibiting growth of Candia albicans and the greater the concentration of essential oil, the greater diameter of the inhibition zone
EFECTIVITY OF ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES OF MANIHOT ESCULENTA CRANTZ PEEL EXTRACT AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
No full textBackground: Staphylococcus aureus is a common commensal and pathogenic bacteria found on human skin that can cause various diseases. Soaps and alcohol-based hand sanitizers contain chemicals that can negatively affect skin health, causing irritation and dryness, especially in individuals with risk factors like eczema. Studies have shown that cassava peels extract contains active metabolite compounds that exhibit antibacterial properties.
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of cassava (Manihot esculenta crantz) peel extract by assessing its inhibitory and bactericidal effect against Staphylococcus aureus.
Methods: This research is an in vitro experimental study with a non-equivalent control group design. The extraction of cassava peel is conducted using a maceration method with a 96% ethanol solvent. The antibacterial activity test is performed using the broth microdilution method on 96-well microplate. The test solution employed is cassava peel extract (Manihot esculenta crantz) at concentrations of 100%, 50%, 25%, 12,5%, 6,25%, and 3,125%. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values are measured using a microplate reader and obtained as optical density (OD) values.
Result: The cassava (Manihot esculenta crantz) peel extract exhibited antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus. The MIC value of cassava (Manihot esculenta crantz) peel extract was found at a concentration of 6,25%. While the MBC value of cassava (Manihot esculenta crantz) peel extract was found at a concentration of 25%.
Conclusion: Cassava peel has been shown to possess antibacterial effects against
Staphylococcus aureus
CORRELATION BETWEEN NUTRITIONAL STATUS WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTION FREQUENCY ON 3-5 YEARS OLD CHILDREN AT GOTONG ROYONG HOSPITAL SURABAYA
No full textBackground: Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is a process in which pathogens enter the respiratory tract, replicate, and spread, causing functional disturbances, inflammation, and tissue damage that can occur in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts. ARI accounts for 20% of mortality among children under 5 years old. The prevalence of ARI in Surabaya is the highest among other districts/cities in East Java, reaching 14%. One of the risk factors for ARI is malnutrition, which is assessed based on nutritional status. Southeast Asian countries have the highest rates of malnutrition and the largest number of malnourished children. Malnutrition increases the risk of infections and mortality by reducing the production and functional capacity of cellular components of the immune system. This can elevate the risk of prolonged and recurrent ARI.
Objective: To determine the relationship between nutritional status and the frequency of ARI in children aged 3–5 years at Gotong Royong Hospital, Surabaya.
Method: The research employed an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional method. Secondary data from the medical records of pediatric patients aged 3–5 years treated at Gotong Royong Hospital from January 2023 to August 2024 were analyzed.
Results: The majority of children aged 3-5 years have normal body weight. Most children rarely experience respiratory tract infections, while a small number frequently experience them, with the most common occurrence being once. The Spearman correlation test yielded a p-value of 0.031 and an r-value of -0.2706.
Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between nutritional status and the occurrence of ARI in children aged 3–5 years at Gotong Royong Hospital, Surabaya
THE EFFECT OF HEIGHT ON THE SEVERITY OF ILIOTIBIAL BAND SYNDROME IN RUNNERS AGED 17-50 IN THE SURABAYA CITY RUNNER COMMUNITY
Get PDFBackground: Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS) is a collection of symptoms including pain, inflammation, and crepitus, caused by overuse of the iliotibial band. Clinical manifestations may arise due to continuous friction and compression, leading to inflammation of the iliotibial band. Risk factors for ITBS include age, body weight, leg length discrepancies, limb alignment differences, and spinal structural abnormalities.
Objective: To investigate the effect of height on the severity of Iliotibial Band Syndrome in runners aged 17-50 in the Surabaya Runner Community.
Methods: This study used an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional method. Sampling was done using a non-probability accidental sampling technique. The primary data was obtained through anamnesis and physical examinations performed by a physiotherapist from September to October 2024. The data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. Results were considered significant if p < 0.05.
Results: A total of 23 participants met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The most common height group was 173 cm, with 4 participants, and the most common pain severity was moderate, with 14 participants. Results of the Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was no relationship between the variable height and the severity of iliotibial band syndrome with a p-value = 0,475 (p>0.05).
Conclusion: There is no significant effect of height on the severity of Iliotibial Band Syndrome in runners aged 17-50 in the Surabaya Runner Community
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VISUAL IMPAIRMENT AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN THE ELDERLY AT SANTO YOSEF ELDERLY CARE HOME
Get PDFBackground: Visual impairment is a condition where visual acuity is worse than 6/12, even with the use of corrective lenses. This condition significantly impacts quality of life. The prevalence of eye disorders is expected to increase with the demographic aging of the population, with an estimated 91 million individuals affected by 2030. Additionally, elderly individuals with visual impairments are known to be impacted in their daily activities and various aspects of their quality of life.
Objective: To examine the relationship between visual impairment and eye-related quality of life among elderly residents of the Santo Yosef Elderly Care Home in Surabaya.
Results: A significant correlation of 0.641 was found between visual impairment and eye- related quality of life in elderly residents of the care home, with a p-value < 0.01.
Conclusion: There is a significant and relatively strong correlation in quality of life among individuals with visual impairments
INULIN SEBAGAI AGEN PREBIOTIK DALAM MIKROENKAPSULASI Lactobacillus acidophilus DAN Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG DENGAN METODE SPRAY-DRYING
Get PDFAbstrak Mikroenkapsulasi probiotik Lactobacillus acidophilus dan Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG dengan menggunakan spray drying dapat ditingkatkan viabilitasnya dengan penambahan serat larut yaitu inulin. Inulin memberikan proteksi pada probiotik terkapsul dari kerusakan panas selama proses spray drying, dan berperan dalam mempertahankan viabilitas probiotik menuju usus. Mikroenkapsulasi pada L. acidophilus dan L. rhamnosus GG memiliki viabilitas yang lebih terjaga dengan adanya penambahan inulin saat dilakukan uji in vitro simulasi kondisi lambung (SGF) dan simulasi garam empedu (SIB). Pada kajian telah tertera data terkait pengujian viabilitas in vitro beserta spesifikasi penggunaan alat spray dryer. Kajian akan berfokus membahas peran inulin dalam menjaga viabilitas L. acidophilus dan L. rhamnosus GG selama proses mikroenkapsulasi secara tunggal hingga ke jalur pencernaan.
Kata kunci: mikroenkapsulasi, inulin, spray drying, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG
Abstract The viability of microencapsulated probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG by spray drying method can be improved with the addition of oluble fiber, such as inulin. Inulin provides protection for the encapsulated probiotic from heat damage during spray drying process and plays a significant role in maintaining probiotic viability during their delivery into the gastro-intestinal tract. Microencapsulation of L. acidophilus and L. rhamnosus GG with addition of inulin shows higher viability on in vitro testing under simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and simulated bile salt (SIB) conditions. Review includes data on in vitro viability tests as well as specifications of the spray dryer used. The focus of this review will be to discuss the role of inulin in preserving the viability of L. acidophilus and L. rhamnosus GG during single microencapsulation process until their delivery into the digestive tract.
Keywords: microencapsulation, inulin, spray drying, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus
KAJIAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DALAM TEH HERBAL DAUN KOPI, DAUN SIRSAK (ANNONA MURICATA L.) DAN DAUN KELOR (MORINGA OLEIFERA)
Get PDFAbstrak Minuman teh secara umum terbuat dari daun teh Camellia sinensis yang diekstrak dan diseduh dengan air panas. Produksi teh telah berkembang hingga menghasilkan produk teh herbal yang merupakan hasil pengolahan dari bagian tanaman herbal seperti daun, buah, kulit kayu, akar, atau bunga. Beberapa daun tanaman herbal yang telah dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku teh yaitu daun kopi, daun sirsak, dan daun kelor. Sebagian besar daun tanaman herbal merupakan limbah hasil perawatan tanaman herbal sehingga jarang dikonsumsi atau diolah menjadi produk inovasi. Setiap jenis daun memiliki kandungan nutrisi dalam jumlah yang berbeda terutama total fenol yang dapat mempengaruhi aktivitas antioksidan teh herbal. Semakin tingginya kandungan total fenol, maka semakin tinggi juga aktivitas antioksidannya. Maka, penulisan makalah ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perbedaan kandungan total fenol dan aktivitas antioksidan teh dari berbagai jenis daun serta adanya penambahan bahan alami untuk memperkaya antioksidan dalam teh herbal. Teh daun kopi robusta mengandung total fenol paling tinggi dibandingkan jenis daun lainnya yaitu sebesar 56,53 ± 0,43 mg GAE/g. Aktivitas antioksidan dalam teh herbal menunjukkan nilai yang beragam yaitu teh daun kopi robusta (54,96 ± 0,41 mg/g), teh daun kopi arabika (49,46 ± 0,62 mg/g), teh daun kelor (45,53 ± 0,06 μg/mL), dan teh daun sirsak (10,05 ± 0,82 mg/g). Antioksidan teh herbal dapat ditingkatkan dengan penambahan bahan alami kaya antioksidan yaitu jahe, bunga rosella, kulit buah delima, dan bubuk kayu manis.
Kata kunci: Teh Herbal, Daun kopi, Daun Sirsak, Daun Kelor, Antioksidan.
Abstract Tea drinks are generally made from Camellia sinensis tea leaves that are extracted and brewed with hot water. Tea production has developed to produce herbal tea products which are the result of processing herbal plant parts such as leaves, fruit, bark, roots, or flowers. Some herbal plant leaves that have been used as raw materials for tea are coffee leaves, soursop leaves, and moringa leaves. Most herbal plant leaves are waste from herbal plant care so they are rarely consumed or processed into innovative products. Each type of leaf has a different amount of nutrient content, especially total phenol which can affect the antioxidant activity of herbal tea. The higher the total phenol content, the higher the antioxidant activity. Therefore, this paper aims to examine the differences in total phenol content and antioxidant activity of tea from various types of leaves and the addition of natural ingredients to enrich antioxidants in herbal tea. Robusta coffee leaf tea contains the highest total phenol compared to other types of leaves, which is 56,53 ± 0,43 mg GAE/g. Antioxidant activity in herbal tea shows various values, namely robusta coffee leaf tea (54,96 ± 0,41 mg/g), arabica coffee leaf tea (49,46 ± 0,62 mg/g), moringa leaf tea (45,53 ± 0,06 μg/mL), and soursop leaf tea (10,05 ± 0,82 mg/g). Herbal tea antioxidants can be increased by adding natural ingredients rich in antioxidants, namely ginger, rosella flowers, pomegranate peel, and cinnamon powder.
Keywords: Herbal Tea, Coffee Leaves, Soursop Leaves, Moringa Leaves, Antioxidants