Jurnal Online Universitas Katolik Parahyangan / Parahyangan Catholic University Journal
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REGIONAL GENDER DISPARITIES IN INDONESIA: A COMPARATIVE
No full textIndonesia’s socio-economic landscape is a tapestry woven from historical legacies, cultural norms, and dynamic economic forces. At the heart of this mosaic lies Java, the most populous and economically advanced island, often serving as a developmental benchmark. However, prosperity does not flow uniformly across the archipelago. Sumatra, Bali, Sulawesi, and Kalimantan—each with its unique context-grapple with gender-related challenges that shape the lives of their inhabitants. By dissecting these regional disparities, we uncover the intricate interplay of factors influencing gender outcomes. Our investigation relies on data extracted from the 2023 Sakernas survey. We hone in on critical indicators of gender disparities: work hours, income discrepancies, educational access, and social safety nets. Employing a descriptive and typological lens, we juxtapose these indicators across the five islands. This method allows us to discern patterns, outliers, and distinctive features specific to each region. Our research serves a dual purpose: it enriches academic discourse and informs policy formulation. By spotlighting the variations in gender inequities, we pave the way for targeted interventions. Policymakers can leverage these insights to tailor programs that address the unique hurdles faced by women and men in different locales. Moreover, our findings contribute brushstrokes to a more nuanced portrait of Indonesia’s socio-economic fabric-one that transcends mere statistical aggregates and delves into the intricate brushwork of gender dynamics
Ancaman Perdamaian di Venezuela Akibat Kemerosotan Demokrasi Pada Masa Pemerintahan Nicolas Maduro
No full textThis paper aims to describe the threat to peace in Venezuela, which occurred during the reign of Nicolas Maduro. The urgency of this research is the deterioration of democracy that occurred in Venezuela after Chavez left. Maduro is the president who was elected to replace Chavez in 2013. Political and economic instability, as well as the decline of democracy, have posed a threat to peace in Venezuela. This research is a descriptivequalitative study, with data using a library study. The Kantian triangle, which is part of Immanuel Kant\u27s democratic peace theory, will be an analytical tool in this research. The Kantian Triangle determines three factors to achieve peace in democracy, namely: (1) democracy, (2) the existence of dependence between countries, and (3) state interactions in the international arena. The result of this research shows that Venezuela is not able to fulfill the three existing factors. First, the erosion of democratic values in the country. Second, dependence on other countries is difficult to materialize. This is because Maduro\u27s policies are detrimental to investors, and the many humanitarian issues in Venezuela. The bad image of Maduro\u27s government makes it difficult to maintain good relations with other countries. Third, although active in the United Nations, Venezuela continues to carry out the rules and principles of the organization. The failure to fulfill the three factors in the Kantian Triangle can pose a threat to peace in Venezuela.
Keywords: Threat of Peace, Democratic Deterioration, Nicolas Maduro, Venezuela.Tulisan ini memiliki tujuan untuk mendeskripsikan ancaman perdamaian di Venezuela, yang terjadi pada masa pemerintahan Nicolas Maduro. Urgensi dari penelitian ini ialah, adanya kemerosotan demokrasi yang terjadi di Venezuela pasca sepeninggalan Chavez. Maduro merupakan presiden yang terpilih untuk menggantikan Chavez di tahun 2013. Ketidakstabilan politik dan ekonomi serta kemerosotan demokrasi memungkinkan adanya ancaman perdamaian di Venezuela. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif-kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data menggunakan studi kepustakan. Kantian Triangle yang merupakan bagian dari democratic peace theory milik Immanuel Kant, akan menjadi alat analisis dalam penelitian ini. Dalam Kantian Triangle ditetapkan tiga faktor untuk dapat mencapai perdamaian, yakni: (1) sistem pemerintahan demokrasi, (2) adanya ketergantungan antar negara, dan (3) keterlibatan negara di dalam institusi internasional. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan jika Venezuela tidak mampu memenuhi tiga faktor yang ada. Pertama, telah terkikisnya nilai-nilai demokrasi di negara tersebut. Kedua, ketergantungan dengan negara lain sulit terwujud. Hal ini dikarenakan kebijakan Maduro yang merugikan para investor dan banyaknya isu kemanusian di Venezuela. Image pemerintahan Maduro yang buruk menyulitkan terjalinnya hubungan baik dengan negara lain. Ketiga, meskipun aktif di PBB, tetapi Venezuela terus melakukan pelanggaran peraturan dan prinsip-prinsip dari organisasi tersebut. Tidak terpenuhinya tiga faktor di dalam Kantian Triangle dapat memberikan ancaman perdamaian di Venezuela.
Kata Kunci: Ancaman Perdamaian, Kemerosotan Demokrasi, Nicolas Maduro, Venezuela
Singapore Government Securitization Measures against Transboundary Haze Pollution as a Non-Traditional Security Threat
No full textTransboundary haze pollution (PALB) has developed into a critical concern for Southeast Asian countries in terms of transboundary issues and national security. This study aims to provide an understanding of the non-traditional threats that have become significant in front of countries, to demonstrate that the PALB issue is worthy of being included in the Non-Traditional Security (KNT) study, to provide an in-depth analysis of how the securitization transformation process has affected PALB issues in Singapore, to correlate the involvement of various actors in the ongoing securitization process, and to evaluate. This research uses a qualitative methodology to connect one variable to another in a direct and constructive manner, drawing on a broad theoretical foundation, most notably constructivism. It can be inferred that the government possesses complete authority to secure the smog issue. The community\u27s response is critical in determining the success of haze securitization. Additionally, mass media and social media play a critical role in channeling popular opinion.
Keywords: existential threat; securitization policy; constructivism approach; transboundary haze pollution; speech ac
The Heart at the Heart of the World: Ecospirituality, Reparation, and the Sacred Heart
No full textThis essay explores a new way of thinking about the theology and spirituality of the Sacred Heart devotion. The essay begins by identifying the danger of global ecological collapse as a crisis that requires us to rethink traditional theologies. After reviewing the history of the Sacred Heart devotion and how it became associated with the theology of reparation, the essay proposes a renewed Christology that discovers the Heart of Jesus truly at the heart of the world—including at the heart of the Earth’s physicality and its ecological systems. In this view, the damage humans are inflicting on the whole community of Earth creatures literally pierces the Heart of Jesus. Our embrace of his Heart at the heart of the world will awaken us to a spirituality of reparation as compassionate accompaniment of the suffering Earth and its creatures
Evangelical Poverty among Catholic Priests: Insights from Haggai and Pastores Dabo Vobis
No full textThis study aims to offer an alternative perspective on evangelical poverty among Catholic priests amidst worldly luxury. While priests are encouraged to live in poverty as a spiritual virtue, some have been drawn into the allure of material wealth and comfort. Insights are drawn from the Book of Haggai and Pastores Dabo Vobis (PDV). Haggai emphasizes God as the Omnipotent Sovereign, calling humanity to surrender fully to His will. PDV, depicting God as the Supreme Good and the True and Definitive Treasure, guides priests in living evangelical poverty by responsibly using material goods and trusting in God’s provision. The correlation between Haggai and PDV underscores evangelical poverty as a surrender to God as the Abundance, freeing priests from attachment to material goods, making space for God’s unexpected and transformative grace. This grace leads to a life of self-giving, generosity, and a commitment to rebuilding the lives of those they serve. Reflections from these sources highlight three practical applications: approaching their mission with trust in God’s providence, managing Church resources with integrity and accountability, and offering a prophetic witness of simplicity amidst a consumerist culture
Pengaruh Investasi Publik Terhadap Keberlanjutan Utang
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak anggaran belanja investasi publik terhadap keberlanjutan utang di Indonesia menggunakan metode Error Correction Model (ECM) pada data kuartalan 2005Q1–2023Q4. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa dalam jangka pendek, belanja investasi publik meningkatkan pembiayaan utang, sementara inflasi yang terkendali mengurangi beban utang nominal. Namun, dalam jangka panjang, investasi publik belum berdampak signifikan pada keberlanjutan utang, dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi menjadi faktor utama dalam memperkuat kondisi fiskal. Berdasarkan hasil estimasi, nilai ECT mengindikasikan bahwa utang pemerintah berada dalam kondisi tidak keberlanjutan, dengan pola penyesuaian menjauhi steady state dan meningkatkan risiko ketidakseimbangan ekonomi di masa depan. Penelitian ini menyoroti pentingnya efektivitas pengelolaan investasi publik melalui perencanaan anggaran strategis dan manajemen proyek. Implikasinya, pemerintah perlu mengalokasikan belanja publik secara efisien untuk menciptakan manfaat ekonomi jangka panjang tanpa membebani utang secara berlebihan
KAJIAN DESAIN BANDARA INDONESIA: KENUSANTARAAN DITINJAU DARI POLA RUANG, SOSOK, DAN ORNAMENTASI
No full textAbstract - The airport is a form of representation of the entry gate of a nation that is present as the first greeterfor users of air transportation modes, both domestic and international users. The representation of the gatesymbolizes the identity and image of a nation. Indonesian airports carry an important message about theidentity of a nation which is reflected through the architectural form of the airport. The airport was designed notonly as a fulfillment of the facilities of a region or even a country, but more than that, the airport is nowdesigned by placing ef orts to create a visual character that shows architectural styles both from the west to theeast of the Republic of Indonesia. This style reflects the potential of arts and culture, tourism, and local wisdom.The development of Indonesian architecture from the past to the present has resulted in transformationsof forms that are constantly adapting, Nusantara Architecture has emerged as an "other" science in viewingarchitecture. Nusantara architecture develops, transforms, and goes global, not imitating the past or existingones, while respecting the architecture of the past. The definition of Nusantara Architecture used is based onNusantara Architecture by Prof. Josef Prijotomo.Airports in Indonesia on an international scale no longer represent the city, but represent the face ofIndonesia. Terminal 3 of Soekarno Hatta International Airport, I Gusti Ngurah Rai International Airport, andSultan Hasanuddin International Airport have the highest number of users in Indonesia and play an importantrole as representatives of Indonesia. A descriptivequalitative-comparative comparison is made to see how the archipelagic aspects based on the definition ofArchipelago Architecture are applied to the three study object airports. So that it can be seen how thetransformation of Archipelago architectural knowledge has been attached to the design of airports in Indonesia.This study was conducted to find out how the process of updating archipelago architecture in airport buildingsin Indonesia, whether airports in Indonesia can reflect their Nusantara through spatial patterns, figures, andornamentation.Key Words: Airport, Nusantara Architecture, Visual Character, Spatial form, Shape, OrnamentationAbstrak - Dalam perbincangan perihal arsitektur di bumi-laut Nusantara yang kini kita kenal sebagai negaraRepublik Indonesia, membawa kumpulan pertanyaan tentang apa itu Arsitektur Indonesia. Bandara sebagairepresentasi gerbang masuk sebuah bangsa yang hadir sebagai penyambut pertama bagi pengguna modatransportasi udara baik pengguna domestik maupun pengguna internasional. Representasi gerbangmelambangkan identitas serta citra sebuah bangsa, keberadaannya membawa pesan penting akan identitassebuah bangsa yang tercermin melalui bentuk arsitektur pada bandara. Bandara kini dirancang bukan hanyasebagai pemenuhan fasilitas sebuah daerah atau bahkan negara, melainkan sudah lebih dari itu, bandaradirancang dengan meletakan upaya-upaya memunculkan karakter visual yang memperlihatkanlanggam-langgam arsitektur baik dari barat hingga sisi timur negara Republik Indonesia. Langgam arsitektur inimenjadi cerminan dari potensi seni-budaya, pariwisata, serta kearifan lokal.Perkembangan arsitektur Indonesia dari masa lampau hingga kini menghasilkan transformasi bentukyang terus beradaptasi sesuai dengan zamannya, ilmu Arsitektur Nusantara hadir sebagai ilmu ”liyan” dalammemandang arsitektur. Arsitektur Nusantara hadir dalam upayanya mengkini dengan terus berkembang,bertransformasi, dan mengglobal, tidak menjiplak arsitektur masa lampau atau arsitektur yang sudah ada,walaupun tetap menghargai arsitektur masa lampau. Definisi Arsitektur Nusantara yang digunakan berdasarkankajian Arsitektur Nusantara karya Prof. Josef Prijotomo.Bandara di Indonesia dengan skala internasional bukan lagi hanya mewakili kotanya, melainkanmewakili representasi wajah Indonesia. Terminal 3 Bandara Internasional Soekarno Hatta - Cengkareng,Bandara Internasional I Gusti Ngurah Rai - Denpasar, dan Bandara Internasional Sultan Hasanuddin-Makassarmemiliki jumlah pengguna tertinggi di Indonesia, dan memegang peranan penting sebagai representasiIndonesia. Persandingan secara deskriptif – kualitatif - komparatif dilakukan guna melihat bagaimanaaspek-aspek kenusantaraan berdasarkan definisi Arsitektur Nusantara yang diterapkan pada ketiga bandaraobjek studi. Sehingga dapat dilihat bagaimana transformasi pengkinian Arsitektur Nusantara telah melekatpada perancangan bandara di Indonesia. Kajian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan bagaimana proses pengkinianarsitektur nusantara pada bangunan bandara di Indonesia, apakah bandara di Indonesia dapat mencerminkankenusantaraannya melalui pola ruang, sosok, dan ornamentasinya.Kata Kunci: Bandara, Arsitektur Nusantara, Karakter Visua
Water As a Medium to Reduce the Room Temperature on the Roster
No full textClimate change and rising air temperatures in Surabaya require the implementation of building design strategies to maintain thermal comfort passively and sustainably. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of water as a cooling medium in a passive ventilation system based on clay rosters, with the theory of evaporative cooling and the thermal behavior of porous materials. The research method uses a quantitative experimental approach that refers to the concept of natural heat and moisture exchange in tropical building ventilation systems. Two conditions were tested, namely dry rosters and rosters flowed with water, to compare their thermal response to environmental temperature. The rosters were made of porous clay that functions as a natural evaporative medium, with a bottom-to-top water flow system circulated using a small pump. Temperature measurements were taken at certain time intervals using a digital thermometer. The test results show the roster system with water elements significantly reduce room temperature through the mechanism of water evaporation that absorbs heat from the surrounding air. The integration of the concepts of natural ventilation, evaporation, and porous materials such as rosters shows great potential as an effective, energy-efficient, and applicable architectural solution to improve the thermal comfort of tropical buildings
Interior Accessibility of the Sang Nila Utama Museum in the Framework of Universal Design and Spatial Experience
No full textMost museums in Indonesia have not fully implemented universal accessibility principles, resulting in spatial experiences that are not yet inclusive for persons with disabilities and other vulnerable groups. Sang Nila Utama Museum in Pekanbaru, a type C museum representing Riau Malay culture, illustrates the gap between educational aspirations and the reality of accessibility. This study aims to evaluate the application of Universal Design principles and interpret visitors’ spatial experiences through multisensory and phenomenological perspectives. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed through reflective observation and visual documentation in the field. Accessibility was analyzed using the Seven Principles of Universal Design, while sensory experience was interpreted using a phenomenological framework. The findings show that physical facilities such as ramps, toilets, signage, and circulation paths do not meet minimum accessibility standards. Spatial experience remains predominantly visual, with limited tactile, auditory, and olfactory engagement. These findings highlight a significant gap between accessibility regulations and the actual experiences of visitors in regional museums. Museum inclusivity depends not only on physical access but also on sensory justice and equitable spatial experience. This study offers an integrated model combining Universal Design and multisensory phenomenology as a reference for improving the interior design of regional museums in Indonesia
English English: English
No full textBarcelona is today recognized as a major fashion capital, with many notable shopping districts playing host to some of the most notable and prestigious fashion brands in the world. The city has witnessed the start and rise of some of the most influential names in the industry and is ranked in the top 5 of the most important fashion capitals on earth. This status is thanks to the success of Barcelona and Catalonia’s cotton and textile industry from the 18th - 20th centuries, which allowed for the city’s fashion scene to flourish and become what it is today. However, it is impossible to talk about this success without mentioning the impact of trade relations between Catalonia and Colonial America. In this article, I wish to elaborate on the history of Catalonia’s textile industry and the impact that trade with Colonial America had on its evolution to allow the region to industrialize at a rapid pace and sustain a burgeoning fashion industry in Barcelona.
Keywords: Barcelona fashion industry; Catalan textile industry; Colonial American tradeBarcelona hari ini dikenal sebagai salah satu pusat mode terbesar di dunia, dengan beragam distrik belanja yang memajang produk dari merek-merek ternama di muka bumi. Ibukota Katalonia ini telah melihat awal dan kebangkitan nama-nama paling berpengaruh di dunia mode dan memegang peringkat sebagai kota mode kelima terpenting. Status ini mereka peroleh berkat kesuksesan industri tekstil Katalonia dan Barcelona dari abad ke-18 hingga ke-20, yang membiarkan industri mode kota tersebut untuk berkembang. Namun, mustahil untuk membahas kesuksesan ini tanpa menyinggung pengaruh dari hubungan perdagangan antara Katalonia dan Amerika Kolonial. Dalam artikel ini, saya berharap untuk mengelaborasikan sejarah industri tekstil Katalonia dan pengaruh dari interaksi dengan Amerika Kolonial terhadap perkembangannya yang membiarkan kawasan tersebut untuk melakukan industrialisasi dalam skala yang cepat dan mengembangkan sebuah industri mode di Barcelona.
Kata Kunci: Industri mode Barcelona, industri tekstil Katalonia; perdagangan Amerika Kolonia