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Germination, emergence and pyrrolizidine-contents of common groundsel (Senecio vulgaris)
Get PDFDie Aufnahme von Gemeinem Kreuzkraut (Senecio vulgaris) über Lebensmittel kann wegen des Gehalts an Pyrrolizidinalkaloiden (PA) zu gesundheitlichen Schäden führen. Daher werden pflanzenbauliche Ansätze gesucht, um Beimischungen mit S. vulgaris zu vermindern. In Klimaschränken wurde der Einfluss von Temperatur und Lichtverhältnissen sowie einer vorgeschalteten Einwirkung von Frost oder Trockenstress auf das Keimvermögen von S. vulgaris geprüft. Weiterhin wurden im Sommer 2016 vier Sätze von S. vulgaris auf der Versuchsstation Kleinhohenheim, Stuttgart, ausgesät, um den PA-Gehalt in den verschiedenen Pflanzenteilen und zu verschiedenen Jahreszeiten zu analysieren. Bei Licht und ohne Vorbehandlung keimten die Samen bei 5 °C, 10 °C und 20 °C zu 84 bis 87 %, im Dunkeln lagen die Werte etwas darunter. Eine Vorbehandlung mit Frost führte bei anschließender Keimtemperatur von 5 °C zu signifikant mehr ungekeimten, intakten Samen (75 %) gegenüber der Kontrolle (20 %) oder der Variante mit Trockenstress (8 %). Die Blüte von S. vulgaris enthielten bis zu 7600 mg PA/kg in der luftgetrockneten Biomasse und damit signifikant höhere PA-Summengehalte (Σ Retrorsin, Senecionin, Seneciphyllin, Senecivernin sowie deren korrespondierende N-Oxide) als Stängel und Blätter. Mit späterer Saatzeit stieg der Gehalt an PA in Blättern signifikant. PA-Gehalte in Nutzpflanzen durch Kontamination mit S. vulgaris könnten effektiv reduziert werden, wenn keine Blüten in das Erntegut gelangten. Niedrige Temperaturen und Frost scheinen die unerwünschte Samenüberdauerung von S. vulgaris zu fördern. Unter diesem Gesichtspunkt sind Blütenbildung und Aussamen gegen Ende der Vegetationsperiode besonders kritisch. Späte Ernteschnitte von Heil- und Gewürzpflanzen oder Schnittsalaten sind zu vermeiden, um Blüten- und Samenbildung von S. vulgaris kurz vor dem Winter einzuschränken, und um Beimischungen mit saisonal erhöhten PA-Gehalten zu verhindern.The uptake of food contaminated with common groundsel (Senecio vulgaris) is a considerable health risk because of the occurrence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA) in parts of the plant. Agronomical approaches are needed to minimize potential contamination with S. vulgaris. Different temperatures, light conditions and seed pre-treatments were tested during the germination of S. vulgaris to identify the optimum environment for germination. In addition, four sets of S. vulgaris were sown in a field trial at the research station Kleinhoheneim/South West Germany in 2016 to determine the PA pattern and any shift in PA contents in during the year in flowers, leaves and stems. Germination rates were highest (84-87%) when seeds germinated in light without pre-treatment, and a little lower in darkness, at any of the three trial temperatures of 5 °C, 10 °C und 20 °C. Pre-treatment with frost, particularly in combination with cool germination temperatures, lead to significantly higher numbers of intact, ungerminated seeds (75%) compared to the control (20%) or a drought stress pre-treatment (8%). Flowers of S. vulgaris contained up to mg total PA/kg in the air dried plant material (Σ of retrorsine, senecionine, seneciphylline, senecivernine and their corresponding N-oxides) and thus the contents were significantly higher than those in stems or leaves. The PA content in leaves increased significantly during the season. As flowers seem to be the main source of PA, their removal or avoidance in harvested crops is most desired. For avoidance of seed production before winter (with risk of seed persistence due to cold temperatures), herbs and medical plants or lettuce contaminated with S. vulgaris should not be harvested in late summer or autumn. This approach would additionally avoid contamination with S vulgaris with increased PA contents in the harvested product at the end of the season
1.10 Quantifying Sources of Variability in Neonicotinoid Residue Data for Assessing Risks to Pollinators
Get PDFThe U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s 2014 guidance for assessing pesticide risks to bees relies on higher-tier studies of residues in pollen and nectar to refine pesticide exposure estimates obtained from lower tier information (e.g., default values and model-generated estimates). These higher tier residue studies tend to be resource intensive due to the need to address spatial and temporal factors which influence pesticide residues in pollen and nectar. Time and resource considerations restrict the number of samples, crops, and locations which can be studied. Given these resource constraints, questions remain on how to best optimize the design and number of residue studies for obtaining a robust dataset to refine exposure estimates of bees to pesticides. Factors to be optimized include the number of replicates in each sampling event, the number of sampling events over time, the number of sites/regions per study, and the number of crops to be assessed within and across crop groups. Using available field residue data for the neonicotinoid class of insecticides, we conducted an analysis of variability in residue data to address these and other study design elements. Comparisons of the magnitude of residues and variability are made across neonicotinoid chemicals (imidacloprid, clothianidin, thiamethoxam and dinotefuran) as well as the variability associated with intra- and inter-crop group comparisons and regional and soil texture gradients. Additionally, this analysis includes consideration of bee-relevant toxic metabolites for imidacloprid and thiamethoxam. Results of these analyses of neonicotinoid residue data are presented in the context of optimizing field residue study designs for assessing pesticide risks to bees.The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s 2014 guidance for assessing pesticide risks to bees relies on higher-tier studies of residues in pollen and nectar to refine pesticide exposure estimates obtained from lower tier information (e.g., default values and model-generated estimates). These higher tier residue studies tend to be resource intensive due to the need to address spatial and temporal factors which influence pesticide residues in pollen and nectar. Time and resource considerations restrict the number of samples, crops, and locations which can be studied. Given these resource constraints, questions remain on how to best optimize the design and number of residue studies for obtaining a robust dataset to refine exposure estimates of bees to pesticides. Factors to be optimized include the number of replicates in each sampling event, the number of sampling events over time, the number of sites/regions per study, and the number of crops to be assessed within and across crop groups. Using available field residue data for the neonicotinoid class of insecticides, we conducted an analysis of variability in residue data to address these and other study design elements. Comparisons of the magnitude of residues and variability are made across neonicotinoid chemicals (imidacloprid, clothianidin, thiamethoxam and dinotefuran) as well as the variability associated with intra- and inter-crop group comparisons and regional and soil texture gradients. Additionally, this analysis includes consideration of bee-relevant toxic metabolites for imidacloprid and thiamethoxam. Results of these analyses of neonicotinoid residue data are presented in the context of optimizing field residue study designs for assessing pesticide risks to bees
4.13 Synergistic effects between variety of insecticides and an EBI fungicide combinations on bumble bees (Bombus terrestris L.)
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Plenary Talks
Get PDFPredator – prey interaction in the boreal vole community – behavioral and survival game in the changing world Hannu Ylönen
Rat-free New Zealand 2050 – fantasy or reality? James G. Ross, Elaine C. Murphy, Oscar Pollard, Al Bramley
5 critical areas for rodent population biology Charles J. KrebsPredator – prey interaction in the boreal vole community – behavioral and survival game in the changing world Hannu Ylönen
Rat-free New Zealand 2050 – fantasy or reality? James G. Ross, Elaine C. Murphy, Oscar Pollard, Al Bramley
5 critical areas for rodent population biology Charles J. Krebs
The ecology of emerging tick-borne diseases in a changing world Richard S. Ostfeld
Responses to human-induced changes - ecological and genomic drivers of wildlife health Simone Somme
Conservation and Ecosystem Services
Get PDFSmall mammal responses to farming practices in central Argentinian agroecosystems: the use of hierarchical occupancy models María D. Gomez, Andrea Goijman, José Coda, Vanesa Serafini, José Priotto
Native rodents are the main seed predators in areas representing distinct phases along an active restoration process in a neotropical savanna Jessica L. Santos, Isabel B. Schmidt, Emerson M. Vieira
Research progresses on seed-rodent interactions in China Zhibin Zhang
Effects of insect-infestation on rodent-mediated dispersal of Quercus aliena: results from field and enclosure experiments Bo Zhang, Zijun Shi, Xiaoning Chen, Xiang Hou, Jing Wang, Jingang Li, Gang Chang
Estimation of benefits and losses of seed scatter hoarding behaviour by rodents in a subtropical forest: implications for the evolution of mutualism in seed-rodent systems Haifeng Gu, Qingjian Zhao, Zhibin Zhang
Seed size effects on seed dispersal and predation by rodents at tree individual level Bo Wang
Forest fragmentation alters seed-rodent interaction networks: implications for rodent management Xifu Yang, Chuan Yan, Zhibin Zhang
Lead (Pb) bioconcentration in cestode parasites (Hymenolepis spp.) of rats (Rattus spp.) and their potential as indicator of heavy metal contamination in terrestrial environments Roman N. Fornesa, Vachel V. Paller
Changes in rodent burrow abundance and distribution in grazing ecosystems of southern Russia under human-induced landscape transformation from the desert to steppe Elena Surkova, Ludmila Savinetskaya, Natalya Ovchinnikova, Andrey Tchabovsky
The potential of small and medium mammalian carnivores to mediate rodent pest damage in commercial agriculture Lourens H. Swanepoel, Corrie M. Swanepoel, Mark Keith, Steven R. Belmain, Peter J. Taylor, Reimund P. Rötter , Munir Hoffmann, Sam Williams
Rodents as indicators of the ecological impact of an open-cast iron ore mine in the Northern Cape, South Africa Nico L. Avenant, Jurie J. Du Plessis, Nico Smit
Rodents and their role in habitats in an tropical Africa context: the case of the DR Congo Prince K. Kaleme, Jacques M. Mwanga, Benjamin R. Ndara
A valued rodent (Rattus exulans) population assessed for cultural harvest Deborah J. Wilson, Clive Stone, Hayley Ricardo, Richard Jakob-Hoff, Philip O\u27B. Lyver, Chris Jones, Priscilla M. WehiSmall mammal responses to farming practices in central Argentinian agroecosystems: the use of hierarchical occupancy models María D. Gomez, Andrea Goijman, José Coda, Vanesa Serafini, José Priotto
Native rodents are the main seed predators in areas representing distinct phases along an active restoration process in a neotropical savanna Jessica L. Santos, Isabel B. Schmidt, Emerson M. Vieira
Research progresses on seed-rodent interactions in China Zhibin Zhang
Effects of insect-infestation on rodent-mediated dispersal of Quercus aliena: results from field and enclosure experiments Bo Zhang, Zijun Shi, Xiaoning Chen, Xiang Hou, Jing Wang, Jingang Li, Gang Chang
Estimation of benefits and losses of seed scatter hoarding behaviour by rodents in a subtropical forest: implications for the evolution of mutualism in seed-rodent systems Haifeng Gu, Qingjian Zhao, Zhibin Zhang
Seed size effects on seed dispersal and predation by rodents at tree individual level Bo Wang
Forest fragmentation alters seed-rodent interaction networks: implications for rodent management Xifu Yang, Chuan Yan, Zhibin Zhang
Lead (Pb) bioconcentration in cestode parasites (Hymenolepis spp.) of rats (Rattus spp.) and their potential as indicator of heavy metal contamination in terrestrial environments Roman N. Fornesa, Vachel V. Paller
Changes in rodent burrow abundance and distribution in grazing ecosystems of southern Russia under human-induced landscape transformation from the desert to steppe Elena Surkova, Ludmila Savinetskaya, Natalya Ovchinnikova, Andrey Tchabovsky
The potential of small and medium mammalian carnivores to mediate rodent pest damage in commercial agriculture Lourens H. Swanepoel, Corrie M. Swanepoel, Mark Keith, Steven R. Belmain, Peter J. Taylor, Reimund P. Rötter , Munir Hoffmann, Sam Williams
Rodents as indicators of the ecological impact of an open-cast iron ore mine in the Northern Cape, South Africa Nico L. Avenant, Jurie J. Du Plessis, Nico Smit
Rodents and their role in habitats in an tropical Africa context: the case of the DR Congo Prince K. Kaleme, Jacques M. Mwanga, Benjamin R. Ndara
A valued rodent (Rattus exulans) population assessed for cultural harvest Deborah J. Wilson, Clive Stone, Hayley Ricardo, Richard Jakob-Hoff, Philip O\u27B. Lyver, Chris Jones, Priscilla M. Weh
Poster Session 2 - Workshop Rodent-Borne Diseases
Get PDF62 Schistosomiasis in the Senegal River Basin and the role of wild rodents as reservoir hosts Stefano Catalano, Elsa Léger, Cheikh B. Fall, Anna Borlase, Mariama Sène, Nicolas D. Diouf, Khalilou Bâ, Joanne P. Webster
63 Rodents diversity and pathogen carriage at Limpopo National Park villages, Mozambique Iara Gomes-Jaintilal, Cristiane Silveira, José Fafetine, Luís Neves
64 Mice in and around the city of Utrecht, The Netherlands, are carriers of Clostridium difficile but not ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, Salmonella spp. or MRSA Céline Harmanus, Sara A. Burt
65 Detection of Rickettsia pathogens in small rodents and their ectoparasites in Lithuania Evelina Kaminskienė, Dalytė Mardosaitė-Busaitienė, Algimantas Paulauskas, Jana Radzijevskaja, Indrė Lipatova, Linas Balčiauskas
66 Detection of Leptospira and seasonal prevalence of fleas collected from rodents in Mukwe Constituency, Kavango-East Region of Namibia Saima Kapia, Seth J. Eiseb, Loth S. Mulungu, Pablo Tortosa, Steven R. Belmain
67 Rodents from a rice milling station in Bangladesh infected with Toxoplasma gondii Inge M. Krijger, Jan B.W.J. Cornelissen, Steven R. Belmain, Bastiaan G. Meerburg
68 Leptospirosis and toxoplasmosis in wild rodents in The Netherlands Inge M. Krijger, Marga G. A. Goris, Ahmed A. Ahmed, Peter W.G. Groot Koerkamp, Bastiaan G. Meerburg
69 Leptospirosis in rodents in peri-urban Bangladesh Inge M. Krijger, Ahmed A. Ahmed, Marga G.A. Goris, Peter W.G. Groot Koerkamp, Bastiaan G. Meerburg
70 Detection of Bartonella spp. in red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) and their ectoparasites in Lithuania Indrė Lipatova, Irma Ražanskė, Algimantas Paulauskas
71 Genetic diversity of Bartonella strains in small rodents Dalytė Mardosaitė-Busaitienė, Jana Radzijevskaja, Algimantas Paulauskas, Linas Balčiauskas, Maksim Bračikov
72 Resistance to last-resort human antimicrobial agents among gram-negative bacteria recovered from Barcelona Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) Marta Marí-Almirall, Yaiza Vallejo, Sara Sabaté, Sandra Franco, Laura Muñoz, Maria Nieto , Clara Cosgaya, Jordi Pascual, Ignasi Roca, Tomás Montalvo
73 Evaluation of rodent control to fight Lassa fever through mathematical modelling Joachim Mariën, Herwig Leirs, N’Faly Magassouba, Elisabeth Fichet-Calvet
74 Responses of rodent reservoirs of zoonotic diseases to anthropogenic land-use change: a meta-analysis Hugo Mendoza, André V. Rubio, Gabriel E. García-Peñ, Gerardo Suzan, Javier A. Simonetti
75 First bacteriological screening of Norway rats, Rattus norvegicus, in Barcelona (Spain) Tomás Montalvo, Jordi Vila, Sara Sabaté, Beatriz Ramírez, Raquel Planell, Mikel Martínez, Aida Peiró, Jordi Pascual, Sandra Franco, Víctor Peracho
76 Education in health associated with gamification against leptospirosis Isa B. Neves, Ricardo Lustosa, Patricia Brito, Hussein Khalil, Federico Costa, Michael Begon
77 No role for rodents as alternative hosts for cutaneous leishmaniasis in S. Ethiopia Myrthe Pareyn, Girma Negatu, Massebo Fekadu, Simon Shibru, Herwig Leirs
78 Puumala hantavirus dynamics in bank voles: identification of environmental correlates to predict human infection risk Daniela Reil,, Christian Imholt, Ulrike M. Rosenfeld, Sabrina Schmidt, Rainer G. Ulrich, Jana A. Eccard, Jens Jacob
79 Survey on zoonotic helminthiases in Norway rats, Rattus norvegicus, from the city of Barcelona Joan Sanxis,, M. Teresa Galán-Puchades, Jordi Pascual, Rubén Bueno-Marí, Sandra Franco, Víctor Peracho, Tomás Montalvo,, Màrius V. Fuentes62 Schistosomiasis in the Senegal River Basin and the role of wild rodents as reservoir hosts Stefano Catalano, Elsa Léger, Cheikh B. Fall, Anna Borlase, Mariama Sène, Nicolas D. Diouf, Khalilou Bâ, Joanne P. Webster
63 Rodents diversity and pathogen carriage at Limpopo National Park villages, Mozambique Iara Gomes-Jaintilal, Cristiane Silveira, José Fafetine, Luís Neves
64 Mice in and around the city of Utrecht, The Netherlands, are carriers of Clostridium difficile but not ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, Salmonella spp. or MRSA Céline Harmanus, Sara A. Burt
65 Detection of Rickettsia pathogens in small rodents and their ectoparasites in Lithuania Evelina Kaminskienė, Dalytė Mardosaitė-Busaitienė, Algimantas Paulauskas, Jana Radzijevskaja, Indrė Lipatova, Linas Balčiauskas
66 Detection of Leptospira and seasonal prevalence of fleas collected from rodents in Mukwe Constituency, Kavango-East Region of Namibia Saima Kapia, Seth J. Eiseb, Loth S. Mulungu, Pablo Tortosa, Steven R. Belmain
67 Rodents from a rice milling station in Bangladesh infected with Toxoplasma gondii Inge M. Krijger, Jan B.W.J. Cornelissen, Steven R. Belmain, Bastiaan G. Meerburg
68 Leptospirosis and toxoplasmosis in wild rodents in The Netherlands Inge M. Krijger, Marga G. A. Goris, Ahmed A. Ahmed, Peter W.G. Groot Koerkamp, Bastiaan G. Meerburg
69 Leptospirosis in rodents in peri-urban Bangladesh Inge M. Krijger, Ahmed A. Ahmed, Marga G.A. Goris, Peter W.G. Groot Koerkamp, Bastiaan G. Meerburg
70 Detection of Bartonella spp. in red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) and their ectoparasites in Lithuania Indrė Lipatova, Irma Ražanskė, Algimantas Paulauskas
71 Genetic diversity of Bartonella strains in small rodents Dalytė Mardosaitė-Busaitienė, Jana Radzijevskaja, Algimantas Paulauskas, Linas Balčiauskas, Maksim Bračikov
72 Resistance to last-resort human antimicrobial agents among gram-negative bacteria recovered from Barcelona Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) Marta Marí-Almirall, Yaiza Vallejo, Sara Sabaté, Sandra Franco, Laura Muñoz, Maria Nieto , Clara Cosgaya, Jordi Pascual, Ignasi Roca, Tomás Montalvo
73 Evaluation of rodent control to fight Lassa fever through mathematical modelling Joachim Mariën, Herwig Leirs, N’Faly Magassouba, Elisabeth Fichet-Calvet
74 Responses of rodent reservoirs of zoonotic diseases to anthropogenic land-use change: a meta-analysis Hugo Mendoza, André V. Rubio, Gabriel E. García-Peñ, Gerardo Suzan, Javier A. Simonetti
75 First bacteriological screening of Norway rats, Rattus norvegicus, in Barcelona (Spain) Tomás Montalvo, Jordi Vila, Sara Sabaté, Beatriz Ramírez, Raquel Planell, Mikel Martínez, Aida Peiró, Jordi Pascual, Sandra Franco, Víctor Peracho
76 Education in health associated with gamification against leptospirosis Isa B. Neves, Ricardo Lustosa, Patricia Brito, Hussein Khalil, Federico Costa, Michael Begon
77 No role for rodents as alternative hosts for cutaneous leishmaniasis in S. Ethiopia Myrthe Pareyn, Girma Negatu, Massebo Fekadu, Simon Shibru, Herwig Leirs
78 Puumala hantavirus dynamics in bank voles: identification of environmental correlates to predict human infection risk Daniela Reil,, Christian Imholt, Ulrike M. Rosenfeld, Sabrina Schmidt, Rainer G. Ulrich, Jana A. Eccard, Jens Jacob
79 Survey on zoonotic helminthiases in Norway rats, Rattus norvegicus, from the city of Barcelona Joan Sanxis,, M. Teresa Galán-Puchades, Jordi Pascual, Rubén Bueno-Marí, Sandra Franco, Víctor Peracho, Tomás Montalvo,, Màrius V. Fuente
Sektion 8 Entomologie / Tierische Schaderreger II / Nematologie / Wirbeltierkunde
Get PDF08-1 - Langzeitregulierung der Trauermücke Bradysia impatiens Johannsen, 1912 (Diptera: Sciaridae) mit einem neuen neemhaltigen GranulatStefan Kühne, Marina Schnabel, Matthias Stähler, Edmund Hummel
08-2 - Warum emigriert der Pflaumenblattsauger Cacopsylla pruni zwischen Prunus und Koniferen?Jannicke Gallinger, Jürgen Gross
08-3 - Zusammenhang zwischen Artenvielfalt und der Populationsdyamik der Feldmaus (Microtus arvalis)Christian Imholt, Kathrin Jeske, Diana Below, Rainer Ulrich, Jens Jacob
08-4 - Weiterentwicklung nicht-invasiver Haarfallenröhren für das Kleinnagermonitoring im FreilandFrançois Chiron, Susanne Hein, Rémi Chargé, Romain Juillard, Léo Martin, Adélaïde Roguet, Jens Jacob
08-5 - Quantitativer Nachweis von Nahrungsbestandteilen bei Nagetieren durch DNA Analyse von KotprobenSusanne Hein, Kevin Groen, Krijn Trimbos, Jens Jacob
08-6 - Gewächshausversuche zur Resistenz und Toleranz von verschiedenen Zuckerrübengenotypen gegenüber Populationen des Rübenzystennematoden Heterodera schachtiiJohannes Roeb, Johannes Hallmann
08-7 - Der Anbau von Solanum sisymbriifolium - eine reduzierende Maßnahmen gegen KartoffelzystenematodenBernd Augustin, Swenja Wach08-1 - Long time control of Black Fungus Gnat Bradysia impatiens by a new neem granulateStefan Kühne, Marina Schnabel, Matthias Stähler, Edmund Hummel
08-2 - Why does the plum psyllid Cacopsylla pruni migrates between Prunus and coniferous trees?Jannicke Gallinger, Jürgen Gross
08-3 - Impact of Biodiversity on population dynamics of the common vole (Microtus arvalis)Christian Imholt, Kathrin Jeske, Diana Below, Rainer Ulrich, Jens Jacob
08-4 - Validation of hair tubes for small mammal population studiesFrançois Chiron, Susanne Hein, Rémi Chargé, Romain Juillard, Léo Martin, Adélaïde Roguet, Jens Jacob
08-5 - Quantitativer Nachweis von Nahrungsbestandteilen bei Nagetieren durch DNA Analyse von KotprobenSusanne Hein, Kevin Groen, Krijn Trimbos, Jens Jacob
08-6 - Greenhouse experiments on resistance and tolerance of different sugar beet genotypes against populations of the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtiiJohannes Roeb, Johannes Hallmann
08-7 - Cultivation of Solanum sisymbriifolium against potato cyst nematodesBernd Augustin, Swenja Wac