INVOTEK: Jurnal Inovasi, Vokasional, dan Teknologi
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Experimental Study of Cooling Performance and Electrical Parameters in a Microcontroller-Driven Inverter AC System
Full text linkRecent advancements in air conditioning (AC) technologies, such as inverters, enable the compressor to remain activated despite reaching the setpoint temperature. This study investigates the cooling performance and electrical parameters of a split inverter AC system controlled by a microcontroller in order to determine the operational performance characteristics of the air conditioning system. An ATmega 2560 microcontroller integrated with PZEM, DS18B20, and LCD I2C sensors monitors was 8,525 Btu/h capacity split inverter AC. During a 1-hour experimental run, the temperature differential between supply air (Tsupply) and return air (Treturn) stabilized at approximately 17 °C, with Tsupply reaching a minimum of 8.5 °C. Treturn remained relatively constant after 500 s with no fluctuations. Moreover, power draw maintained an average of 750 W (1 PK) with no variations, exhibiting an inverse relationship with Tsupply. The maximum energy consumption recorded during the experiment was 1,373 kWh. As expected based on fundamental thermodynamic principles, the energy usage showed a direct proportional relationship with the total runtime of the system. That is, the longer the AC system was engaged, the higher the total energy required to maintain the cooling effect. Overall, microcontroller-based split inverter AC enables real-time performance monitoring and efficient operation, representing a promising technology.Recent advancements in air conditioning (AC) technologies, such as inverters, enable the compressor to remain activated despite reaching the setpoint temperature. This study investigates the cooling performance and electrical parameters of a split inverter AC system controlled by a microcontroller in order to determine the operational performance characteristics of the air conditioning system. An ATmega 2560 microcontroller integrated with PZEM, DS18B20, and LCD I2C sensors monitors was 8,525 Btu/h capacity split inverter AC. During a 1-hour experimental run, the temperature differential between supply air (Tsupply) and return air (Treturn) stabilized at approximately 17 °C, with Tsupply reaching a minimum of 8.5 °C. Treturn remained relatively constant after 500 s with no fluctuations. Moreover, power draw maintained an average of 750 W (1 PK) with no variations, exhibiting an inverse relationship with Tsupply. The maximum energy consumption recorded during the experiment was 1,373 kWh. As expected based on fundamental thermodynamic principles, the energy usage showed a direct proportional relationship with the total runtime of the system. That is, the longer the AC system was engaged, the higher the total energy required to maintain the cooling effect. Overall, microcontroller-based split inverter AC enables real-time performance monitoring and efficient operation, representing a promising technology
The Automatic Onion Cutter Using Arduino Uno as Control System Tool
Full text linkToday's technological developments are growing rapidly, but there are still jobs that are done manually and semi-manually. This paper aims to develop a control system to coordinate the work of tools using an electric motor, which is very helpful in the process of cutting onions in large quantities and is more efficient in spending production costs because the tool designed is an automatic onion cutter. This research method begins with the collection of materials and data related to onion cutters, production of onion cutters, and testing of onion cutters. The measurement results of the tool show that every component in the automatic onion cutter works well and optimally; the measurement process is carried out properly and thoroughly. This optimal work result is supported by Arduino Uno. The Arduino Uno microcontroller acts as a tool controller. In the main system, the onion cutter is controlled by the Arduino Uno with the Arduino programming language. This automatic onion cutting system will work when the onion you want to cut has been inserted into a cross-section that has been equipped with an ultrasonic sensor, and then the onion cutting process is carried out. Compared with the manual method, the cutting time is almost the same. It's just that the advantages of slicing with this tool, the resulting slices are relatively more uniform. Besides that, another advantage is that it doesn't hurt the eyes of the onion slicer. So that this tool can be used by small entrepreneurs and onion farmers to increase productivity and the community's economy
Heutagogy: Empirical study on conceptual understanding, self-learning awareness and learning outcomes
Full text linkSome problems are attached by the online learning system such as low self-learning awareness and conceptual understanding. One of the learning approaches is the concept of heutagogy which is the development of andragogy approach. Self-learning awareness and conceptual understanding are needed either online or offline learning system, so it can improve student learning outcomes in all subjects. However, previous studies on the effect of the heutagogy approach on self-learning awareness and conceptual understanding as well as relate it to increase learning outcomes is still limited. Likewise with research on how the influence of self-learning awareness, conceptual understanding and their interaction on increasing learning outcomes has not been found. As novelty, this study aims to determine the effect of the heutagogy approach on increasing conceptual understanding and self-learning awareness and the interaction effect of self-learning awareness and conceptual understanding on course learning outcomes. This study is quasi-experiment. A total of 250 first-year students were randomly selected as samples in the pre-test and post-test. Data were collected by distributing a set of questionnaires and a set of exams via Google forms and were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science 23.0 (SPSS v 23.0) and SmartPLS 3.0. Findings showed that the heutagogy approach has possitive and significant effect to increase conceptual understanding and self-learning awareness. Self-learning awareness has a positive and significant effect and also mediates the effect of conceptual understanding on learning outcomes. Heutagogy approach increase conceptual understanding (8.79%), self-learning awareness (10.68%), and learning outcomes (6.70%) compared with traditional method.Beberapa persoalan masih dihadapi oleh sistem pembelajaran secara daring seperti kesadaran belajar mandiri dan pemahaman konseptual yang rendah. Hal ini memerlukan pendekatan pembelajaran yang berpusat kepada mahasiswa. Salah satu pendekatan pembelajaran adalah konsep heutagogi yang merupakan pengembangan dari konsep pembelajaran andragogi. Di sisi lain, pemahaman konsep dan kesadaran belajar mandiri bukan saja diperlukan pada pembelajaran daring, namun juga mutlak diperlukan untuk pembelajaran tatap muka sehingga dapat meningkatkan capaian pembelajaran mahasiswa dalam semua mata kuliah. Namun, penelitian tentang pengaruh pendekatan heutagogi terhadap kesadaran belajar mandiri dan pemahaman konseptual serta mengkaitkannya dengan peningkatan capaian pembelajaran mata kuliah masih terbatas. Begitu juga dengan penelitian bagaimana pengaruh kesadaran belajar mandiri, pemahaman konseptual dan interaksinya terhadap peningkatan capaian pembelajaran masih belum ditemui. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendekatan heutagogi terhadap peningkatan pemahaman konseptual dan kesadaran belajar mandiri dan pengaruh interaksi kesadaran belajar mandiri dan pemahaman konseptual terhadap capaian pembelajaran mata kuliah. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuasi eksperimental. Data dikumpulkan dengan menyebarkan satu set angket dan satu set ujian melalui Google form. Sebanyak 250 siswa tahun pertama dipilih secara acak sebagai sampel pada pre-test dan post-test. Penentuan sampel berdasarkan teknik Krijcie Morgan. Data dianalisis secara deksriptif dan inferensi dengan menggunakan Statistical Package for Social Scientice 23.0 (SPSS v 23.0). SmartPLS 3.0 juga digunakan untuk menganalisis Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) model evaluasi hubungan dan pengaruh kesadaran belajar mandiri dan pemahaman konseptual terhadap capaian pembelajaran. Analisis deskriptif berupa skor min dan sisihan piawai dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat pemahaman konseptual dan kesadaran belajar mandiri. Analisis inferensi dilakukan untuk mengetahui signifikansi pendekatan heutagogi dalam meningkatkan pemahaman konseptual dan kesadaran belajar mandiri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan heutagogi dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konseptual dan kesadaran belajar mandiri secara signifikan. Kesadaran belajar mendiri berpengaruh positif dan signifikan dan juga memediasi pengaruh pemahaman konseptual terhadap capaian pembelajaran
Analysis of Contractor's Knowledge Level about Construction Safety Management System Budget Plan Components (Case Study: Construction Project in Padang City)
Full text linkWork accident prevention is cheaper than responding responsively after an accident. Common problems are weakness and a lack of predicted levels of risk for a job that could potentially be a work accident. Risk Control is undoubtedly something that must be designed before the work is done. This control must be supported by costs to run a Construction Safety Management System (SMKK). The initial observations and references that have been conducted and collected indicate the problem that the financing does not appear in the Budget Plan of the contractors in several construction projects when participating in the tender auction at the research site, namely: The City of Padang. There are limitations of information media, socialization, and implementation instructions become challenges in running it. This fundamental problem gave rise to an idea to carry out research. This research has been conducted to explore the problem of the level of knowledge of contractors about the financing of smkk. The data in this study was obtained by survey, in detail, disseminating questionnaires online to samples, namely: contractors in the city of Padang. The questionnaire has been analyzed, resulted the level of knowledge of this contractor is quite good in the level of knowledge about the components of the budget plan of SMKK. There is no problem with the contractor's knowledge related to the budget plan, except: readiness and planning for the system of budget
Turnover Intention in a Conventional Bank: How is it Related to Job Satisfaction, Job Stress, and Hijrah?
Full text linkEvery company activity is carried out by human resources, a valuable asset for the company. If a company has competent, loyal and tough employees, then, of course, the company’s progress can be seen more quickly. The turnover phenomenon is one of the problems that are often faced by companies, including those faced by the management of Company XYZ, a branch of banking company in West Sumatra. Thus, it is necessary to know the factors influencing turnover intention, including job satisfaction, job stress, and moving from conventional banks. This study aims to measure and analyze the effect of these three variables on employee turnover intention and analyze the critical factors at Company XYZ. Quantitative research was conducted by distributing questionnaires to the population with 99 respondents. The data analysis technique used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Smart-PLS software. The study results found that job satisfaction had a negative and insignificant effect on turnover intention. Furthermore, work stress has a positive and significant effect on turnover intention. The last variable is hijrah from conventional banks, a critical factor that positively influences turnover intention with a t-value of 6.350
Adsorption of Heavy Metals Fe and Mn in Acid Mine Drainage from Coal Mining Waste Using Calcium Oxide and Fly Ash
Full text linkAcid mine drainage for Fe and Mn metals have a negative impact on the environment. This study studies the use of calcium oxide and fly ash as adsorbents, used to absorb Fe and Mn metals contained in acid mine drainage. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Calcium Oxide and fly ash as adsorbents, that an adsorbent of Fe and Mn metals in acid mine drainage. The method used is experimental with a laboratory scale, the test is carried out by adsorption using a batch system. Magnetic stirrer is used as a stirring medium in the adsorption process. Calcium oxide with various doses (0.1; 0.2; 0.3 grams) and fly ash with various doses (10; 14; 17 grams) were mixed with 250 ml acid mine drainage, then stirred at a speed of 150 rpm and (30; 60; 90 minutes) stirring time. The characterization of the adsorbent was carried out by SEM testing. The results show that fly ash adsorbent has a better adsorption effectiveness than calcium oxide. The effectiveness of Fe is 85.35% and Mn 78.14%. While calcium oxide has the effectiveness of Fe 72.91% and Mn 61.81%. SEM testing of holes that increase and enlarge after adsorption, as well as the filling of the cavity by the material indicates the success of the adsorption process
Structural assessment of building Elementary School 28 Air Tawar Timur Padang
No full textAbstract ˗˗The State Elementary School 28 Air Tawar Timur Padang is an Inpres School which was built in 1982. The current condition of the school building is damaged, such as cracks, loose concrete (spalling), deflection and shaking floors. This study aims to provide recommendations for repair or maintenance of the school building. The assessment method used in this study is the Non Destructive Test (NDT) method. Testing the compressive strength of concrete using a Schmidt Rebound Hammer. To see the amount of reinforcing steel, diameter of reinforcing steel and dimensions of structural elements using a Rebar Locator, Caliper, and a meter. Testing the building geometry and deflection floor plates using Total Station and Laser Measurement. The building structure was analyzed using the SAP2000 program. The results of the concrete compressive strength test (fc ') are on average 20.40 MPa on the column, 22.23 MPa on the beam, and 23.43 MPa on the floor plate. The results of visual observations of the building are categorized as severely damaged with the proportion of damage above 20%. Where the proportion level of column damage is 32%, beams 20.35%, and the floor court is 65%. The results of the building structure evaluation show that all elements are categorized as unsafe except Beams 3, Beams 4, and Column 2. The maximum deflection of the floor as high as 73 mm exceeds the allowable permit, which is 18.9 mm. The recommendation for repair of the school is building renovation.
Abstrak ˗˗ Sekolah Dasar Negeri 28 Air Tawar Timur Padang termasuk Sekolah Inpres yang dibangun pada tahun 1982. Kondisi bangunan sekolah saat ini mengalami kerusakan seperti retak (crack), lepasnya bagian beton (spalling), lendutan dan lantai yang bergetar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan rekomendasi perbaikan atau perawatan pada bangunan sekolah tersebut. Metode assessment yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode NonDestructive Test (NDT). Pengujian kuat tekan beton menggunakan alat Schmidt Rebound Hammer. Untuk mengetahui jumlah baja tulangan, diameter baja tulangan serta dimensi elemen struktur menggunakan alat Rebar Locator, Kaliper, dan meteran. Pengujian geometri bangunan dan lendutan pelat lantai menggunakan alat Total Station dan Laser Measurement. Struktur bangunan dianalisis menggunakan program SAP2000. Hasil pengujian kuat tekan beton (fc’) rata-rata sebesar 20,40 MPa pada kolom, 22,23 MPa pada balok, dan 23,43 MPa pada pelat lantai.Hasil pengamatan visual bangunan termasuk kategori rusak berat dengan persentase kerusakan diatas 20%. Dimana tingkat persentase kerusakan kolom sebesar 32%, balok 20,35%, dan pelat lantai 65%. Hasil evaluasi struktur bangunan menunjukan hampir semua elemen termasuk kategori tidak aman kecuali Balok 3, Balok 4, dan Kolom 2. Lendutan maksimum pelat lantai sebesar 73 mm melebihi lendutan izin yaitu 18,9 mm. Rekomendasi perbaikan sekolah tersebut adalah renovasi bangunan.
 
Material Selection and Analysis of Torsional Rigidity in Formula Student SAE regulation
Full text linkThe advancement of automotive technology is rapid in this era, as evidenced by the existence of autopilot vehicles that have been developed by a scientist. This progress is balanced with the knowledge that continues to develop in the world of education. Many prestigious automotive competitions are held to be a venue for student creativity and research in developing automotive technology, one of which is the Formula Student SAE. This is the background of a study to develop an engineered electric vehicle chassis, especially in Formula Student. This study aims to produce a chassis design that has torsional rigidity based on the selection of materials that have stiffness, strength, lightweight, and optimization of material cost. The structure of the vehicle was designed following Formula Student SAE regulations. To select material, initial screening was used by the Ashby method which produce 4 material types. Optimum of selecting the material used the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method. Meanwhile, chassis with material selected was analyzed by using Solidworks Simulation Education software. The results of this study produced Aluminum Alloys 7075-T6 material and torsional rigidity value of 552.65 x 103 Nmm/degree of chassis, which could achieve the minimum torsional rigidity value set at 500 x 103 Nmm/degree
Evaluasi Displacement Horizontal Pasar Raya Padang Blok IV Berdasarkan Gaya Gempa Pada SNI-03-1732-2019
Full text linkPasar Raya Padang Market blok IV was built in 2016 as an resisting earthquake building based on SNI-1726-2012. The building has a building dilatation with a distance of 1 cm. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dilatation distance of the Raya Padang Blok IV market building based on the seismic forces required in SNI-1726-2019.The evaluation method used in this research is numerical analysis method by using non-linier pushover over analysis. The numerical model used 3D model with the input material and the earthquake loading according to the proposed design and the response spctrum from SNI-1726-2019. This research evaluate overall structural performance of the buildings based on ATC-40. The results of the pushover analysis of the Raya Padang Blok IV Market building are the maximum displacement of the building of 9.936 mm, the allowable displacement is 320 mm, and the shear force to occur is 1409.094 KN, while the design shear force is 1508.3265. The results of this analysis conclude that the existing dilatation distance in the existing building meet the minimum requirement need based on this study. Building performance level reachs Immidiate Occupancy Level which means the building can be functioned immideately as the eartquake ends.Pasar Raya Padang Market blok IV was built in 2016 as an resisting earthquake building based on SNI-1726-2012. The building has a building dilatation with a distance of 1 cm. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dilatation distance of the Raya Padang Blok IV market building based on the seismic forces required in SNI-1726-2019.The evaluation method used in this research is numerical analysis method by using non-linier pushover over analysis. The numerical model used 3D model with the input material and the earthquake loading according to the proposed design and the response spctrum from SNI-1726-2019. This research evaluate overall structural performance of the buildings based on ATC-40. The results of the pushover analysis of the Raya Padang Blok IV Market building are the maximum displacement of the building of 9.936 mm, the allowable displacement is 320 mm, and the shear force to occur is 1409.094 KN, while the design shear force is 1508.3265. The results of this analysis conclude that the existing dilatation distance in the existing building meet the minimum requirement need based on this study. Building performance level reachs Immidiate Occupancy Level which means the building can be functioned immideately as the eartquake ends
Effect of layer height, infill geometry, nozzle temperature, and fan speed on tensile strength of 3D printing PETG specimens
Full text linkThis research is aimed to provide insight on the dependency of tensile strength on process parameters of the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). FDM is one of the most popular 3D printing manufacturing techniques. In the present study, a tensile test was performed to measure the tensile strength of PETG (Polyethylene terephthalate glycol) specimen with the combination of different layer height, infill geometry, nozzle temperature, and fan speed whereas other parameters are kept at a constant level. This study uses the ISO 527 1BA standard. Taguchi L16 (44) with 4 levels for each factor was used to determine the effect of each parameter. Each experiment repeated 3 times to minimize the occurrence of errors. layer height, infill geometry, nozzle temperature, and fan speed respectively effect of 13.4%, 63.6%, 19.0%, and 2.7%. Fan speed is considered a parameter that has no impact on tensile strength. The layer height and nozzle temperature parameter shows that the higher the value, the tensile strength of specimens tend to increase. Furthermore, infill geometry from the one with the highest to the lowest tensile strength value is gyroid, zig-zag, grid, and triangles. The combination of layer height of 0.24 mm, infill geometry gyroid, and nozzle temperature of 250 ˚C is the optimum combination of parameters which has the highest tensile strength of 34.76 N/mm2