Central Food Technological Research Institute
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Development and characterization of cumin aldehyde-modified sericin protein-based bio-degradable food packaging films
No full textBotanical insecticides for stored grain protection: Emerging challenges and future prospects
No full textPest infestations in stored grains cause significant economic losses, particularly in public warehouses and farms, often exacerbated by poor storage practices and adverse environmental conditions. Botanical insecticides,
derived from natural compounds like alkaloids, essential oils, and flavonoids, offer a sustainable and eco-friendly
alternative to synthetic pesticides. Their unique modes of action and low residue risks have led to growing
acceptance, especially in organic agriculture. Despite supportive government policies and commercialization
efforts in developing countries, large-scale adoption remains limited due to challenges in efficacy validation,
cost-effectiveness, and scalability. This review highlights the potential of botanical insecticides in stored grain
protection, outlines critical research and implementation challenges, and recommends targeted farmer educa-
tion, financial incentives, and awareness programs to promote their broader adoption as viable biorational pest
management tools
Spiced moringa mix: Physio-chemical characterization and quantitative analysis
No full textNovel Moringa Spice mix, comprising Moringa leaves and spices, with a focus on its biochemical, physical, and sensory
attributes with substantial levels of key bioactive compounds, including phenolics (7.05 mg/mL), flavonoids (11.78 mg/mL),
carotenoids (15.92 mg/100g), chlorophylls (6.65 μg/g), ascorbic acid (31.7 mg/100g), accompanied by 59.68% inhibition
of antioxidant activity indicated potential health-promoting effects. Analyses provided insights into the proximate
composition percentage (moisture: 1.43, ash: 14.28, fiber: 18.59, protein: 26.88, fat: 17.36, carbohydrate: 21.46), colour
attributes (L*= 38.95, a*= -0.99, b*= 27.44), and aroma profile (E-Nose) of the Moringa spice mix. HPLC analysis
identified specific polyphenolic compounds contributing to its bioactivity. Sensory evaluation affirmed the overall
acceptability of the Moringa spice mix, with commendable ratings for taste, aroma, texture, and appearance, underscoring its
potential as a palatable and nutritious dietary addition. This underpins the multipurpose potential of the Moringa spice mix
as a functional food/beverage product
Novel Probiotic Strains From Honey and Fermented Edible Flowers Mitigate Chronic Cortisol-Induced Leaky Gut Syndrome in the CaCo 2 Cell Model
No full textChronic stress and elevated cortisol levels can compromise intestinal barrier function, potentially leading to leaky
gut syndrome and associated health conditions. The probiotic potential of novel strains isolated from honey and edible flowers
was evaluated in the present study. Five strains identified as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (MP), Enterococcus lactis (PERI),
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (PARI), Lactocasiebacillus rhamnosus (M1A), and Enterococcus nangengnisis (KK) exhibited strong
bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity. Furthermore, these strains produced short-chain fatty acids, including acetic acid (8.0 to
10.0 mM), butyric acid (0.3 to 0.5 mM) and propionic acid (1.8 to 2.5 mM), known to support gut health and immune modulation.
Under chronic cortisol exposure, L. rhamnosus (M1A), L. plantarum (BAN), and L. plantarum (PARI) significantly alleviated tight
junction disruption, experimentally proven by FITC dextran leakage and gene expression of zona occludin-1 (≤3-fold increase) and
cadherin (≤4.36-fold increase) compared to the cortisol-treated CaCo 2 cell model. These findings indicate that the novel probiotic
strains can enhance intestinal barrier integrity under chronic stress conditions in a model system; however, they warrant further
investigation for their potential application in functional foods targeting gut health
Chemical and biological investigation of Plectranthus amboinicus essential oil in the control of Sitophilus oryzae L
No full textThe study investigates the potential of Plectranthus amboinicus essential oil as a natural alternative
to synthetic insecticides for controlling the rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae), a major pest in stored
grains. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed that the oil contains high
concentrations of bioactive compounds such as carvacrol, caryophyllene, γ-terpinene, o-cymene, and
caryophyllene oxide, which are likely responsible for its insecticidal effects. The fumigant activity of the
oil showed considerable efficacy, with lethal concentration (LC50) values of 48.28 μL L−1 after 24 h and
20.16 μL L−1 after 48 h of exposure, demonstrating its potency in killing S. oryzae. Additionally, contact
toxicity tests revealed LC50 values of 6.76 μL/cm2 at 24 h and 3.54 μL/cm2 at 48 h, indicating moderate
effectiveness when applied directly. Probit analysis and other statistical methods were employed to
determine LC50 values and dose-response relationships. While the results suggest the potential of P.
amboinicus oil as a natural pest control agent, further studies are needed to refine its application and
evaluate its feasibility within integrated pest management systems
Assessing the role of biodegradable polymer composites in mitigating insect infestations of pearl millet: Focus on polylactic acid and polybutylene adipate terephthalate with phytochemicals
No full textCurrent study, highlights development of composite mixture of polylactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene adipate
terephthalate (PBAT) incorporated with phytochemicals (thymol, α-pinene, eucalyptol, estragole) as insecticidal
biopolymers. Further, these developed films were analysed with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
(GC–MS) coupled with solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and results showed the presence of thymol, α-pinene,
eucalyptol, estragole in the composite films (PLA-PBAT-T 0.5 %, PLA-PBAT- A 4.5 %, PLA-PBAT-E 4.5 %). The
synthesized films showed significant mortality (100 %) towards Sitophilus oryzae within 72 h whereas Oryzophilus
surinamensis exhibited complete mortality within 48 h in presence of grain (pearl millet) conditions. Seed
germination study showed seed viability (100 %) in the tested grains which was equivalent to fresh grains.
Mechanical property (tensile strength) was reduced (lowest in PLA-PBAT-AT 5 % - 10.44 MPa), but the water
vapour transmission rate (WVTR) was found to be significant in PLA-PBAT-T 0.5 % blend (13.63 g/m2.hr). The
XRD analysis showed increase in the crystallinity index of PLA-PBAT-T 0.5 % (15.68 %), PLA-PBAT- AT 5 %
(14.75 %) and PLA-PBAT- ET 5 % (13.77 %) films. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron
microscopy analysis of the biopolymer films showed complete homogenization of the phytochemicals and weight
loss (maximum 4.9 %). Overall, phytochemical amended biopolymer films displayed significant insecticidal
activity in prevention of storage pests of pearl millet
Elucidation of the encapsulated triterpene glycosides of Gymnema sylvestre on GLUT4 expression and integrative in silico modeling of potential α-glucosidase inhibitors
No full textThe present study aimed to elucidate the impact of encapsulated triterpene glycosides (TG) from Gymnema
sylvestre on glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT-4) expression in 3T3L1 cells. The study also aimed to predict the
probable molecular mechanism of effectual binding of TG to α-glucosidases by molecular docking, molecular
dynamic (MD) simulation, and free energy calculation. This study revealed that the encapsulated TG formulation
showed effective inhibition against yeast α-glucosidase and pancreatic α-amylase with IC50 values of 1.09 ± 0.38
and 0.84 ± 0.02 μg/mL, respectively. In comparison to the non-encapsulated active TG fraction, the encapsu-
lated formulation was stable at high temperatures and an acidic pH of 2.0–3.5. The MTT assays indicated that the
encapsulated formulation showed negligible toxicity at a concentration of 650 μg/mL. The increase in the
glucose uptake by the 3T3L1 pre-adipocyte cells exposed to an encapsulated active fraction is probably due to the
increased expression levels of GLUT-4. The structural and molecular basis of the probable inhibitory mechanisms
of the major TG namely Gymnemic acid (GA) derivatives (GAI-X) revealed by molecular docking, MD simulation,
and MMGBSA calculations suggested that all ten GA derivatives showed better effectual binding than the known
drug Pioglitazone with its usual target. The complex showed stability throughout the simulation and the in-
teractions were stabilized by several weak interactions with stable free energy landscapes. Thus, the study
concluded that the active TG fraction and its encapsulated formulation can regulate glucose uptake in vitro
conditions and can be used as a potential ingredient in dietary preparations. In addition, the in-silico model serves
as the ideal prototype for developing novel TG derived α-glucosidase inhibitors
