JOS - UNSOED (Jurnal Online Soedirman - Universitas Jenderal Soedirman)
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Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Plant and Endophytic Fungi Extracts from Syzygium myrtifolium Walp, with LC-HRMS Profiling of Active Extracts
Get PDFABSTRACT. The emergence of antibiotic resistance and oxidative stress-related diseases highlights the urgent need for novel bioactive compounds. This study investigates the potential of Syzygium myrtifolium Walp. and its endophytic fungi as sources of antibacterial and antioxidant agents. Sixteen endophytic fungi isolates were obtained from six plant parts and identified morphologically. Thin layer chromatography (TLC)-based chemical profiling demonstrated comparable secondary metabolite patterns between the plant and its endophytic fungi, indicating possible shared biosynthetic pathways. Antibacterial screening using TLC-bioautography and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays demonstrated that both the plant and endophytic fungi extracts inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, with Xylaria sp. showing notable activity. (SmDh4) exhibiting the strongest activity (MIC = 64 µg/mL). Antioxidant activity determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay indicated high to very high radical inhibition capacity, especially in SmRTd (AAI = 25.91) and SmAk1 (AAI = 24.97). Liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) analysis unique secondary metabolites on endophytic fungi, including L-α-palmitin, α-eleostearic acid, and 8-methylnaphthalene-1,2-diol, which were detected exclusively in the endophytic fungi extracts, highlighting their potential as alternative antibacterial and antioxidant agents.
Keywords: Antibacterial, antioxidant, endophytic fungi, secondary metabolites, Syzygium myrtifolium Walp
THE EFFECT OF EYE EXERCISES ON REDUCING EYE FATIGUE IN ADMINISTRATIVE WORKERS IN THE PLASTIC MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY
Get PDFThe development of technology, especially in the field of information technology, requires individuals to interact with computers. Computers are an important part of several work sectors, especially in the office sector for activities such as entering data, processing data, correspondence activities. The activities of computer user workers require accuracy so that the work requires a long time and detailed vision, so without realizing it can trigger eye disease, namely eye fatigue. Complaints of eye fatigue have symptoms in the form of a throbbing sensation around and behind the eyeball area, double vision, blurred vision, difficulty focusing vision, sore eyes, redness, and watery eyes, headaches accompanied by nausea and dizziness. This study aims to determine the effect of eye exercises on eye fatigue in computer user workers at PT X. This study uses the type of research quasi experiment with non
equivalent control group design. Respondents were taken from PT X computer user workers totaling 60 people from a total of 150 employees. The sampling technique used purposive sampling technique. This study used an eye fatigue questionnaire as a research measurement tool by providing eye exercise interventions to the experimental group.The data analysis technique used was the Mann-Whitney Test. The results showed that there was a significant difference in eye fatigue between the experimental group and the control group (p=0.001; p<0.05)
ANALYSIS OF DETERMINANTS OF HYPERTENSION IN ADULTS IN KALIBAGOR SUBDISTRICT, BANYUMAS REGENCY
Get PDFHypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, with increasing prevalence, particularly among the elderly. Genetic and lifestyle factors are believed to contribute to the development of hypertension. This study aimed to examine the relationship between age, family history of hypertension, and smoking behavior with the incidence of hypertension among adults. This cross-sectional study involved 74 adult respondents in Kalibagor Subdistrict, Banyumas Regency. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests and logistic regression. The analysis showed that older age (OR = 3.866; 95% CI: 1.351–11.059) and family history of hypertension (OR = 3.682; 95% CI: 1.974–7.950) were significantly associated with hypertension. Smoking behavior was not significantly associated with hypertension (p > 0.05). Age and family history of hypertension are dominant factors contributing to the incidence of hypertension. Preventive and promotive efforts should focus on high-risk groups to reduce the prevalence of hypertension in the community
Analisis indeks kerentanan seismik dengan metode mikrotremor pada zona longsor di dusun Bengle, desa Dlepih, kecamatan Tirtoyo, kabupaten Wonogiri
Get PDFTanah Longsor merupakan bencana alam yang sering terjadi di wilayah Kabupaten Wonogiri. Kejadian tanah longsor pernah terjadi di Dusun Bengle, Kecamatan Tirtomoyo, Kabupaten Wonogiri. Tanah longsor tersebut mengakibatkan kerusakan rumah penduduk dan korban jiwa. Potensi bahaya tanah longsor dapat dianalisis dengan indeks kerentanan seismik (Kg). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis frekuensi dominan (f0), faktor amplifikasi (A0) dan indeks kerentanan seismik (Kg) pada zona longsor menggunakan metode mikrotremor. Data akuisisi mikrotremor sebanyak 21 data pada zona longsoran. Pengolahan data mikrotremor menggunakan metode HVSR untuk menghasilkan kurva HVSR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai A0 memiliki rentang antara 0.99 hingga 7.55, nilai f0 dengan rentang antara 0.24 Hz hingga 11.01 Hz, dan nilai Kg dengan rentang nilai 0.13 hingga 36.50. Zona terdampak tanah longsor Dusun Bengle memiliki kesesuaian arah aliran material dengan sebaran nilai Kg yang tinggi. Hingga saat ini zona tersebut masih dijadikan sebagai kawasan pemukiman yang cukup padat, sehingga diharapkan penelitian ini mampu meningkatkan kewaspadaan masyarakat maupun pemerintah daerah akan adanya potensi dan ancaman bencana pada wilayah penelitian
Kajian struktur morfologi, gugus fungsi, dan sifat adsorpsi dari karbon aktif kulit singkong (manihot esculenta crantz)
Get PDFThis study investigated the effect of carbonization temperature on the morphological characteristics, porosity, and adsorption of activated carbon derived from cassava peel (Manihot utilissima). The ash content, in the charcoal indicating the presence of metal oxides, decreased with increasing carbonization temperature, at lower temperatures 42.59% and 13.64% at higher temperatures. However, at 300 °C, an abnormal increase in ash content was observed. The volatile matter content, which represents the presence of non-carbon substances that affect the adsorption efficiency, increased with temperature, ranging from 57.40% to 86.36%. Morphological analysis revealed that higher carbonization temperatures increased pore formation due to the decomposition of organic compounds. Functional group analysis confirmed the presence of O-H, C=C, C-H, and C-O bonds, indicating lignocellulosic and hemicellulose components. Adsorption studies at a wavelength of 665 nm showed that excessive heating can cause structural degradation, thereby reducing the adsorption efficiency. However, increasing the carbonization temperature generally increases the pore development and surface area, thus increasing the adsorption capacity. These findings provide valuable insights into optimizing carbonization conditions to improve the performance of cassava peel-based activated carbon for adsorption applicationsPenelitian ini menyelidiki pengaruh suhu karbonisasi terhadap karakteristik morfologi, posoritas, dan adsorpsi karbon aktif yang berasal dari kulit singkong (Manihot utilissima). Kadar abu, pada karbon yang menunjukkan keberadaan oksida logam, menurun dengan meningkatnya suhu karbonisasi, pada suhu yang lebih rendah 42,59% dan 13,64% pada suhu yang lebih tinggi. Namun, pada suhu 300 °C, peningkatan kadar abu yang tidak normal diamati. Kadar zat volatil, yang mewakili keberadaan zat non-karbon yang memengaruhi efisiensi adsorpsi, zat ini meningkat seiring dengan suhu, berkisar antara 57,40% hingga 86,36%. Analisis morfologi mengungkapkan bahwa suhu karbonisasi yang lebih tinggi meningkatkan pembentukan pori karena dekomposisi senyawa organik. Analisis gugus fungsi mengonfirmasi keberadaan ikatan O-H, C=C, C-H, dan C-O, yang menunjukkan komponen lignoselulosa dan hemiselulosa. Studi adsorpsi pada panjang gelombang 665 nm menunjukkan bahwa pemanasan berlebihan dapat menyebabkan degradasi struktural, sehingga mengurangi efisiensi adsorpsi. Namun, peningkatan suhu karbonisasi umumnya meningkatkan perkembangan pori dan luas permukaan, sehingga meningkatkan kapasitas adsorpsi. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan berharga dalam mengoptimalkan kondisi karbonisasi untuk meningkatkan kinerja karbon aktif berbasis kulit singkong untuk aplikasi adsorpsi
Porang flour optimization as a natural tablet binder for bay leaf extract formulation
Get PDFBackground: The Indonesian pharmaceutical industry relies heavily on imported pharmaceutical raw materials (PRMs), with 90-95% of materials sourced from abroad, leading to increased production costs. Porang tuber (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) contains glucomannan with adhesive properties, making it a potential local alternative for tablet binding agents.
Purpose: To optimize bay leaf extract (Syzygium polyanthum) tablet formulation using porang tuber flour and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as binders through simplex lattice design (SLD).
Methods: Porang flour was prepared and characterized for moisture and calcium oxalate content. A tablet formulation optimization study was conducted using Design Expert 13 with porang flour (5-10%) and PVP (0-5%) as independent variables. Responses evaluated included angle of repose, tablet hardness, and disintegration time. The optimized formula was verified and comprehensively characterized.
Results: The optimum formula contained 9.86% porang flour and 0.14% PVP, with a desirability value of 0.98. The tablets exhibited satisfactory physical properties: angle of repose 24.70±0.36°, hardness 6.29±0.19 kg, friability 0.51±0.03%, and disintegration time 8.46±0.69 minutes. Statistical analysis confirmed no significant differences between predicted and experimental values (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Porang flour can effectively replace synthetic binders in tablet formulations, producing tablets that meet Indonesian Pharmacopoeia standards while reducing dependence on imported excipients
Indonesia's Coffee Export Dynamics: Exploring the Impacts of Climate, Trade, and Productivity
Get PDFAs the fourth-largest coffee exporter worldwide, Indonesia contributes significantly to the global coffee trade while contending with challenges such as export volatility, trade barriers, and the impacts of climate change. This study aims to investigate the determinants of Indonesia’s coffee exports, focusing on productivity, trade barriers, and climate variability. This study employed the Error Correction Model (ECM) to analyze time-series data from 1989 to 2022, sourced from the FAO, WITS, and the World Bank. The findings indicate that, in the long run, coffee imports, trade openness, and the extent of harvested land area are positively correlated with export performance, while export taxes and increasing land temperatures exert negative effects. In the short run, productivity is associated with increased exports, whereas land area appears to have a negative relationship. These findings suggest that addressing trade barriers, improving land management, and enhancing trade openness are essential for strengthening export competitiveness
Struktur Struktur Komunitas dan Keanekaragaman Floristik Mangrove dalam Lanskap Ekowisata Kuala Langsa, Aceh
No full textHutan mangrove merupakan ekosistem penting yang menyediakan berbagai jasa ekosistem, namun mengalami tekanan antropogenik yang menyebabkan penurunan kualitas dan kuantitas habitat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji komposisi jenis dan struktur komunitas mangrove di kawasan ekowisata Hutan Mangrove Kuala Langsa, Aceh. Metode Line-Transect Plot digunakan pada tiga stasiun, yaitu area pertambakan, area komersial, dan area tower mangrove. Data dianalisis berdasarkan kerapatan relatif, frekuensi relatif, dominansi relatif, serta indeks Shannon-Wiener untuk menilai keanekaragaman. Hasil menunjukkan sebanyak 16 jenis mangrove ditemukan dari 10 genus dan 8 famili. Stasiun 1 (area pertambakan) memiliki nilai indeks keanekaragaman tertinggi (H’ = 1,985) dengan keseragaman tinggi (J’= 0,862) dan dominansi rendah (C < 0,5), mencerminkan komunitas yang stabil dan beragam. Sebaliknya, Stasiun 2 dan 3 menunjukkan keanekaragaman yang lebih rendah (H’ = 0,543 dan 0,877) dengan keseragaman sedang hingga rendah (J’= 0,279 dan 0,422) serta dominansi tinggi akibat dominasi Rhizophora apiculata. Akibat dominansi oleh Rhizophora apiculata, berpotensi mengurangi keanekaragaman hayati secara fungsional. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pengelolaan berkelanjutan, berbasis ekosistem yang mengintegrasikan konservasi mangrove berpotensi meningkatkan keanekaragaman spesies. Implikasi hasil ini menekankan perlunya pengelolaan terpadu yang mempertimbangkan aspek ekologis dan sosial ekonomi guna menjaga keberlanjutan habitat mangrove di Kota Langsa.
Kata kunci: diversitas, ekowisata, line-transect plot, mangrove.Hutan mangrove merupakan ekosistem penting yang menyediakan berbagai jasa ekosistem, namun mengalami tekanan antropogenik yang menyebabkan penurunan kualitas dan kuantitas habitat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji komposisi floristik dan struktur komunitas mangrove di kawasan ekowisata Hutan Mangrove Kuala Langsa, Aceh. Metode Line-Transect Plot digunakan pada tiga stasiun, yaitu area pertambakan, area berjualan, dan area tower mangrove. Data dianalisis berdasarkan kerapatan relatif, frekuensi relatif, dominansi relatif, serta indeks Shannon-Wiener untuk menilai keanekaragaman. Hasil menunjukkan sebanyak 16 jenis mangrove ditemukan dari 10 genus dan 8 famili. Stasiun 1 (area pertambakan) memiliki nilai indeks keanekaragaman tertinggi (H’ = 1,985) dengan keseragaman tinggi (J’= 0,862) dan dominansi rendah (C < 0,5), mencerminkan komunitas yang stabil dan beragam. Sebaliknya, Stasiun 2 dan 3 menunjukkan keanekaragaman yang lebih rendah (H’ = 0,543 dan 0,877) dengan keseragaman sedang hingga rendah (J’= 0,279 dan 0,422) serta dominansi tinggi akibat dominasi Rhizophora apiculata. Akibat dominansi oleh Rhizophora apiculata, berpotensi mengurangi keanekaragaman hayati secara fungsional. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pengelolaan berkelanjutan, berbasis ekosistem yang mengintegrasikan konservasi mangrove berpotensi meningkatkan keanekaragaman spesies. Implikasi hasil ini menekankan perlunya pengelolaan terpadu yang mempertimbangkan aspek ekologis dan sosial ekonomi guna menjaga keberlanjutan habitat mangrove di Kota Langsa
Hubungan antara Kecukupan Zat Gizi dengan Kemampuan Santri dalam Menghafal Al-Quran
Get PDFThe ability to memorize each individual is different so that memorizing verses in the al-Quran takes different amounts of time. Memorization ability is one part of cognitive function that is influenced by individual factors. This study aimed to determine the relationship between nutritional adequacy on the ability to memorize al-Quran. This study was an observational study with a cross sectional. The number of samples in this study were 53 Islamic students who memorized al-Quran in Zam-zam Muhammadiyah Islamic Boarding School of Cilongok Banyumas. Sample selection was using purposive sampling technique based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Nutritional adequacy variables were measured using Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) and ability to memorize al-Quran using student memorization evaluation sheet. Data analyzed by Spearman Rank test. The results showed that there is no relationship between energy adequacy (p = 0,768), protein adequacy (p = 0,890), fat adequacy (p = 0,162), carbohydrate adequacy (p = 0,881), iron adequacy (p = 0,605), and zinc adequacy (p = 0,626) on the ability to memorize al-Quran
Berkebun Sebagai Terapi Menurunkan Stres Lanjut Usia Di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha
Get PDFLanjut usia merupakan kelompok rentan yang berisiko mengalami stres akibat perubahan fisik, psikologis, dan sosial. Keterbatasan aktivitas serta kurangnya interaksi sosial di panti werdha seringkali memperburuk kondisi tersebut. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan psikologis lansia melalui terapi berkebun sebagai salah satu pendekatan nonfarmakologis untuk menurunkan tingkat stres. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di Panti Werdha Asuhan Bunda Bandung, sebanyak 24 lansia, dengan metode pelatihan berkebun, dan praktik langsung yang disesuaikan dengan kemampuan fisik lansia. Evaluasi dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan pengukuran tingkat stres menggunakan kuesioner DASS sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya penurunan tingkat stres, peningkatan semangat, serta keterlibatan aktif lansia dalam kegiatan berkebun. Terapi berkebun terbukti memberikan manfaat tidak hanya secara psikologis tetapi juga meningkatkan kualitas hidup lansia. Kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi program berkelanjutan di panti werdha sebagai bagian dari intervensi promotif dan preventif dalam keperawatan komunitas