JOS - UNSOED (Jurnal Online Soedirman - Universitas Jenderal Soedirman)
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Pengaruh Air Rebusan Daun Sirih (Piper betle L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Candida albicans
No full textCandida albicans merupakan jamur oportunistik yang dapat menyebabkan infeksi kandidiasis pada manusia. Mikroorganisme ini umumnya hidup sebagai flora normal di saluran pencernaan, saluran pernapasan, rongga mulut, dan mukosa vagina, namun dapat menimbulkan penyakit ketika keseimbangan mikroflora terganggu. Salah satu alternatif bahan alami yang berpotensi sebagai antijamur adalah daun sirih (Piper betle L.) yang diketahui mengandung minyak atsiri sekitar 4,2% dengan komponen utama berupa senyawa fenol, yaitu betlefenol dan kavikol, yang bersifat fungisidal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas air rebusan daun sirih terhadap pertumbuhan C. albicans. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperimental menggunakan metode difusi cakram. Sampel yang digunakan berupa air rebusan daun sirih yang dibuat dengan merebus 500 g daun sirih dalam 1000 mL akuadest dan digunakan sebagai satu konsentrasi tunggal, dengan tiga kali pengulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah diameter zona hambat pertumbuhan C. albicans, yang diukur menggunakan jangka sorong. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata diameter zona hambat yang terbentuk sebesar 4,8 mm, yang termasuk dalam kategori daya hambat lemah. Dengan demikian, air rebusan daun sirih memiliki aktivitas antijamur terhadap C. albicans, meskipun daya hambat yang dihasilkan relatif rendah.
Kata kunci : Candida albicans, daya hambat, daun sirih, Kandidiasis, Piper betle L.Abstrak
Candida albicans merupakan jamur oportunistik yang dapat menyebabkan infeksi kandidiasis pada manusia. Mikroorganisme ini umumnya hidup sebagai flora normal di saluran pencernaan, saluran pernapasan, rongga mulut, dan mukosa vagina, namun dapat menimbulkan penyakit ketika keseimbangan mikroflora terganggu. Salah satu alternatif bahan alami yang berpotensi sebagai antifungi adalah daun sirih (Piper betle L.) yang diketahui mengandung minyak atsiri sekitar 4,2% dengan komponen utama berupa senyawa fenol, yaitu betlefenol dan kavikol, yang bersifat fungisidal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas rebusan daun sirih terhadap pertumbuhan C. albicans. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental dengan metode difusi cakram melalui tiga kali pengulangan, dan zona hambat diukur menggunakan jangka sorong. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata zona hambat sebesar 4,8 mm yang termasuk kategori lemah. Dengan demikian, rebusan daun sirih memiliki aktivitas antifungi terhadap C. albicans, meskipun daya hambatnya rendah.
Kata kunci : Candida albicans, daya hambat, daun sirih, Kandidiasis, Piper betle L
Analysis of Gender Representation in the Film Luca (2021): A Critique of Hegemonic Masculinity
No full textThe animated film Luca (2021) contains many social messages related to how society views the role and identity of men. This study aims to analyze how forms of masculinity are represented in the film, particularly in relation to the concept of hegemonic masculinity. The method used is qualitative descriptive with a visual content analysis approach to key scenes in the film. Each scene analyzed was selected based on important moments that reveal the dynamics of male characters, whether through emotional expressions, inter character relationships, reactions to social pressure. The analysis results show that Luca presents a variety of masculinities, ranging from dominant and competitive to more emotionally open and accepting. The character Ercole, example, exemplifies aggressive and exclusive hegemonic masculinity, while Luca and Alberto demonstrate alternative forms of masculinity that are more reflective and emotional. The film also depicts the transformation of the main character from a fearful attitude to an individual who dares to express his identity, including in the context of friendship and future choices. This transformation reflects the potential for boys to move beyond traditional masculine expectations and explore more personal versions of themselves. The conclusion of this study affirms that masculinity in the film Luca is not presented in a singular manner but is diverse and open to interpretation as a critique of rigid gender norms. This study does not aim to generalize all forms of masculinity in animated films but only discusses the representations found in Luca based on the author's subjective analysis and interpretation
Potensi Bahan Alam di Banyumas Sebagai Agen Untuk Mempercepat Penyembuhan Luka Jaringan Lunak Rongga Mulut
No full textBackground: Wounds in the oral cavity are something that cannot be avoided in dental practice, especially in several procedures such as incisions, excisions and gingivectomy. The wound healing process takes a long time, increasing the risk of infection, which will hinder the healing process. The main focus in treating wounds is fast healing with optimal results. Currently, it is necessary to develop alternatives for the use of natural ingredients that can speed up the wound healing process with minimal side effects. Objective: The purpose of writing this article is to explore the potential of natural ingredients in Banyumas which have the effect of accelerating the healing of soft tissue wounds in the oral cavity. Method: This literature review source search method refers to reference sources in the form of PubMed and Google Scholar and then data analysis is carried out according to the specified topic. Result: Natural ingredients that are widely produced in Banyumas include cinnamon leaves (Cinnamomum verum), red ginger rhizomes (Zingiber officinale Var Rubrum rhizoma), turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn.), bay leaves (Syzygium polyanthum), aloe vera (Aloe vera L.) , robusta coffee (Coffea canephora), papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.), red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus), and land snail mucus (Achantina fulica) contain active ingredients that can accelerate the healing of soft tissue wounds in the oral cavity. Conclusion: There are natural ingredients in Banyumas that contain active ingredients that can accelerate the healing of soft tissue wounds in the oral cavity
Enhancing Grammar Proficiency Through PjBL: A Study on Student-Generated Questions for Tense Mastery and Communication Skills
No full textProject-Based Learning is an approach to enhance students’ skill in certain aspects such as critical thinking, problem solving, and foster practical skills needed in the approach. This research aims to describe how student-generated grammar questions as a PjBL can be used systematically in the classroom. This research used a qualitative method employing observation and documentation as approaching tools. The study examined five groups, with Group 1 standing out as the most confident—all members delivered presentations successfully and answered grammar questions on tenses, subject-verb agreement, and conjunctions. In contrast, Groups 2–5 showed lower confidence, particularly in reading questions, though Group 4 had one fluent speaker. Question types varied: Group 2 tackled tenses and subject-verb agreement, Group 3 faced fill-in-the-blank and noun-related questions, and Groups 4–5 dealt with tenses, fill-in-the-blank, and noun/adjective questions. Notably, tenses were a recurring theme across all groups, underscoring their importance in the assessment. This method not only strengthens their understanding of linguistic structures but also directly enhances their writing skills, as they learn to apply these rules contextually and transforms grammar learning into an interactive, empowering process that cultivates both accuracy and expressive ability
Literature Review on the Effectiveness of Transfer Pricing Regulations in Reducing Tax Avoidance in Multinational Corporations
No full textThis research aims to examine the effectiveness of transfer pricing regulations in reducing Tax Avoidance among multinational enterprises. The research utilizes a literature-based approach by reviewing academic studies, policy reports, and international tax governance frameworks such as OECD-BEPS, Country-by-Country Reporting (CbCR), and Automatic Exchange of Information (AEoI). The findings indicate that stringent transfer pricing rules, mandatory documentation, and strengthened audit mechanisms significantly restrict manipulation of intra-group transactions, enhance transparency, and expand the tax revenue base. However, the research also highlights potential unintended effects, including the relocation of business activities to jurisdictions with less strict tax rules if global harmonization effort are weak or inconsistent. The practical implications suggest that governments should align domestic regulations with international standards, develop auditor competencies, improve benchmarking databases, and adopt digital reporting systems to support real-time supervision. For multinational enterprises, compliance with the arm’s length of principle and transparent documentation is crucial in mitigating legal risks and financial penalties. Investors also benefit from improved corporate governance and reduced litigation risk, which strengthen financial stability. The originality of this reserach lies in its comprehensive synthesis of empirical evidence and its policy-oriented recommendations tailored to the current challenges of global taxation
Digital Transformation Strategy for Village-Based Tourism SMEs to Strengthen Sustainable Competitive Advantage
No full textThis study examines how village-based tourism Micro, Small, and MediumEnterprises (MSMEs) strengthen sustainable competitive advantagethrough digital transformation. Using a qualitative case study approach inDesa Wisata Baturraden, Indonesia, the research integrates ResourceBasedView(RBV),TechnologyAcceptanceModel(TAM),andsustainable
competitivenesstheory.Findingsindicatethatdigitaladoption—through
smart
tourism platforms, financial technology integration, andsustainability-driven branding—significantly enhances operationalefficiency, global visibility, and environmental accountability. However,long-term competitiveness depends on ecosystem-level governance,innovation labs, and continuous digital capability development. The studycontributes to the literature on digital transformation in tourism SMEs byproposing a Village Tourism Digital Hub model to accelerate sustainabledigital maturity.
 
Characterization of the Physical, Chemical, and Sensory Properties of Mocaf and Menir Analog Rice with the Addition of Skim Milk and Konjac Glucomannan
No full textBackground: Food diversification based on local resources is essential to reduce dependence on rice while improving the nutritional and functional quality of alternative staple foods. Purpose: This study aimed to compare the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of four analog rice formulations: those based on modified cassava flour (mocaf) (BA1), rice grits flour (BA2), and both materials supplemented with skim milk and konjac glucomannan (KGM) (BA3 and BA4). Method: The experiment was conducted using a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments differing in base material and functional ingredient addition. Analog rice was produced through an extrusion process, followed by analyses of proximate composition, starch content, total sugars, dietary fiber, starch and protein digestibility, mineral content (sodium and potassium), color parameters (L*, a*, b*), water activity (Aw), and sensory evaluation by 40 untrained panelists. Result: The results showed that BA1 exhibited higher moisture content, dietary fiber, and potassium levels, along with lower Aw and sodium content, compared to BA2. In contrast, BA2 demonstrated higher protein content, energy value, and lightness (L*) than BA1. The incorporation of skim milk and KGM in BA3 and BA4 significantly affected most measured parameters, increasing moisture, ash, protein, total sugar, and soluble fiber contents, while reducing starch content, insoluble fiber, starch and protein digestibility, and energy value. Sensory evaluation indicated that BA1 outperformed BA2 in terms of texture and stickiness, whereas the addition of skim milk and KGM—particularly in BA3—significantly enhanced overall acceptability, flavor, and aroma. These findings suggest that the combination of mocaf, skim milk, and konjac glucomannan produces analog rice with improved functional and organoleptic properties, highlighting its potential as a locally sourced alternative staple food
Assessing the Management Practices of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) through an Islamic Economic Lens
No full textThis researcher aims to explain the management of BUMDES in Pemalang village, West Java and the management of BUMDES from an Islamic economic perspective. This researcher uses a qualitative method, data collection techniques are obtained from observation, interviews and documentation related to this research. In this study, the researcher conducted interviews with the village head, the head of BUMDES and one of the people in Pemalang village. Based on the results of the research that has been conducted by the researcher, it can be concluded that the types of businesses studied are two types of businesses, namely drinking water depots and tent rentals. Both types of businesses are managed by BUMDES Pemalang village. In the management of BUMDES, it has been able to improve the community's economy, for example by opening up employment opportunities, training community skills and expertise, but the error lies in the lack of public awareness because they do not utilize the facilities available at BUMDES. Then the management of BUMDES from an Islamic economic perspective in Pemalang village has moved towards sharia, namely in the tent rental business and drinking water depot business because it is ta'awun which means helping each other and which is not sharia, namely in Brilink because it contains usury, and BUMDES has moved towards shari
Smartphone Sehat: Edukasi Pencegahan Dampak Paparan Gelombang Elektromagnetik Telepon Seluler Bagi Siswa SMP Negeri 1 Sokaraja
No full textPenggunaan smartphone mendukung pembelajaran tetapi berisiko menimbulkan dampak kesehatan akibat paparan gelombang elektromagnetik (EM) dan adiksi digital pada remaja. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan mengenai penggunaan smartphone sehat dan pencegahan risiko paparan EM. Sasaran kegiatan adalah 246 peserta yang terdiri dari siswa kelas 8 dan pengurus OSIS SMP Negeri 1 Sokaraja. Metode meliputi ceramah, diskusi, dan simulasi dengan dukungan media presentasi, poster, dan video edukasi. Evaluasi dilakukan melalui pretest, posttest, serta penilaian kehadiran dan partisipasi. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan nilai posttest yang menandakan pemahaman peserta semakin baik, didukung antusiasme selama diskusi. Program ini efektif meningkatkan literasi kesehatan digital dan diharapkan mendorong kebiasaan penggunaan smartphone yang lebih bijak untuk mendukung kesehatan dan prestasi belajar
Proyeksi Penduduk Usia Nonproduktif Kabupaten Brebes Tahun 2024-2035 Menggunakan Metode Eksponensial dan Least Square
No full textProyeksi penduduk nonproduktif menjadi salah satu hal yang relevan dalam konteks bonus demografi dan pembangunan sosial-ekonomi diberbagai wilayah di Indonesia, salah satunya di Kabupaten Brebes. Adanya perubahan struktur usia penduduk, proyeksi penduduk nonproduktif menjadi penting untuk dipahami guna merumuskan kebijakan yang tepat dalam menghadapi tantangan bonus demografi yang ada. Kenaikan jumlah penduduk usia nonproduktif dapat memberikan beban pada sistem pendidikan, kesehatan, dan jaminan sosial sehingga memerlukan perhatian khusus dari pemerintah. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk meramalkan jumlah penduduk usia nonproduktif pada tahun 2024 sampai dengan 2035. Berdasarkan data jumlah penduduk usia nonproduktif tahun 2015-2023 di Kabupaten Brebes, jumlah penduduk usia nonproduktif untuk tahun 2024-2035 dapat dihitung menggunakan metode eksponensial dan metode least square. Model terbaik dilihat berdasarkan rata-rata kesalahan relatif yang terkecil. Hasil proyeksi menunjukkan bahwa jumlah penduduk usia nonproduktif di Kabupaten Brebes diperkirakan akan meningkat. Metode least square menunjukkan tren yang lebih realistis dan stabil berdasarkan data historis dengan rata-rata kesalahan relatif sebesar 0,5839 %. Sementara itu, metode eksponensial memberikan gambaran pertumbuhan yang lebih cepat dengan rata-rata kesalahan relatif yang cukup besar yaitu 1,1683 %