Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law (JITAL - İstanbul Commerce University)
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Factors Affecting Agricultural Input Loan Repayment in Southern Ethiopia: Evidence from Soro District
Get PDFThis study was conducted to assess determinants that influencing smallholder farmers loan repayment in Soro district. Agricultural sector plays a key role in alleviating poverty. This study was aimed at investigating the determinants of input loan repayment in the Soro district using cross-sectional survey data gathered in 2018/19. A primary and secondary source of information through structured questionnaires, key informant interviews and focus group discussions were used. Descriptive analysis and econometric methods such as probit regression were employed for the data analysis. The probit regression result revealed that variables such as educational level, landholding, expenditure of household, crop income of household, credit borrowed to input, and owned oxen significantly influences smallholder agricultural input loan repayment. Hence, emphasis should be given to enhance loan repayment in the sector through by enhancing the practices of relatively agricultural input loan repayment in Soro district. Hence, enhanced loan repayment that will be a key to achieve alleviated poverty
Virtual General Assembly Meetings In Joint Stock Companies With Foreign Capital
Get PDFThe possibility of holding general assemblies in electronic environment, which has been included in the Turkish Commercial Code (2012), and the restriction of physical travel opportunities of individuals during the pandemic process, and the electronic holding of general assemblies of Turkish companies with foreign partners gained importance. With this study, it is aimed to discuss how virtual general assemblies can be held and how solutions can be produced for the problems that may be encountered in the framework of both the pandemic measures and the current TCC
Assessment of Visum et Repertum Evidence on Victims of Women Violence in Household Conflict
Get PDFThe type of research used in this research is normative legal research. By using primary and secondary legal materials, along with tertiary legal materials as supporting materials. This is by looking at the strength and position of the Visum Et Repertum evidence in a criminal act. Visum et Repertum has a fairly strong evidentiary power, because Visum et Repertum is one of the documents of evidence as regulated in Article 184 paragraph (1) letter c Jo. Article 187 letter c of the Criminal Procedure Code. The Public Prosecutor's indictment was made with great attention to the evidence for the role of Visum et Repertum. The consequence that arises if the Visum et Repertum given by the Defendant is a different statement is that the statement can be revoked if the Defendant is given a false confession that is indeed proven. Regarding the Visum et Repertum itself, it can be re-examined from a legal advisor or a statement of objection raised clearly given by the defendant can be proven, this is regulated in Article 180 paragraphs (2), (3) and (4) of the Criminal Procedure Code. Based on the experience, it was carried out and from the Judge himself it was known
Importance and Application Examples of Service Export Insurance
Get PDFThis study has been prepared in order to research the forms of application of the Service Export Insurance product on the basis of countries in the world, to determine who prefers this product and in which situations it is applied. Another aim of the study is to research how it can be applied to economic activities in the most efficient way in our country's own dynamics. Service exports in Turkey were included in the coverage of receivables insurance by Turk Eximbank in 2021. The purpose of this insurance is to protect the forward receivables formed by exporting services against commercial and political risks in order to encourage and develop service exports. In the study, the applications of export credit institutions operating in the global market were researched with the literature review method, and based on these examples, suggestions were made by Turk Eximbank about improvements in existing applications and new applications that are not currently available. In consequence of review of the studies in the field of export, it has been seen that there are studies in different fields, but academic studies on service insurance in exports are very limited, and therefore, it is aimed to bring a study to the literature with this study. (This study was produced from a doctoral thesis.)
Investigating the Impacts of Chinese Investments on the Global Competitiveness of Sub-Saharan Countries
Get PDFThe main objective of this study is to shed light on the effects of Chinese investments on the global competitiveness of Sub-Saharan Africa, specifically Chad, Ethiopia, and Ghana. The study employs a qualitative technique based on depth semi-structured interviews. In the in-depth interviews with field professionals and experts, four questions were asked to one participant from each country. The depth interviews show that Ghana and Ethiopia have the most competitive potential respectively. On the other hand, Chad has no chance of competing due to limited resources. While Chad is characterized by poor governance and limited economic freedom, Ghana and Ethiopia have relatively a large capacity to attract foreign investment. China, as a strong competitor, uses various strategies to beat local rivals in Chad, Ethiopia, and Ghana. In this regard, it offers a wide range of products of average quality at affordable prices to customers in Chad and Ethiopia, while benefiting from large-scale production, economies of scale, and tax breaks in Ghana. With this, local investors are unable to compete with China, which negatively impact the local markets to flourish, especially in the long run.
The Effects of Public Procurement Practices on Procurement Prices: A Case of Selected Procuring Entities
Get PDFThe main objective of the study was to assess the effects of public procurement practices on the procurement prices among the selected procuring entities in Dar es Salaam. Specifically, the study aimed at determining the effects of competition, centralization, timely payment, negotiation and integrity on procurement prices reasonableness among the selected procuring entities. The study was carried out at Dar es Salaam with the inclusion of three procuring entities; College of Business Education (CBE), Institute of Adult Education (IAE) and Tanzania Public Service College (TPSC). The study employed convergent mixed research design, where both quantitative and qualitative data were collected from 210 and 20 respondents respectively for triangulation of findings. The study findings indicated that competition, timely payment, negotiation and integrity have significant positive effects on procurement prices reasonableness among the selected procuring entities. However, it was revealed that centralization has insignificant negative effect on procurement prices reasonableness contrary to the study hypothesis. The study recommends more amendments on the public procurement rules, regulations and guidelines so as to warrant the effectiveness of competition, timely payment, negotiation and integrity in the public procurement proceedings for attainment of reasonable procurement prices. Moreover, the study recommends for the government to provide fully support to the policy makers and individual procuring entities in respect to the aforesaid matters
Its strength, as well as its presence, is vital: Managing HR systems as a process
Get PDFWithin the scope of organizational behavior, human resource management has been among the most popular research areas for nearly half of a century. The relationship between human resource management and organizational performance is one of the most attractive topics for researchers and business practitioners. Researchers, who have focused on different human resources management "contents" (job satisfaction, organizational commitment, performance appraisal, incentive wage systems, etc.) for a long time, not only have argued in the last 20 years that the content alone is not enough, but also emphasized the importance of the "process" of applying these contents. The "HRM System Strength" theory, which Bowen and Ostroff introduced in 2004, inspired by Mischel's (1982) Strong Situation approach and Kelley's (1967) covariance model of attribution theory, stands out as the most remarkable of the above-mentioned "process" focused studies. HRM System Strength focuses on the common opinion of the employees about what is expected from them by the organization, and its basic proposition is that the company has a strong HR system depending on how distinctive its HR practices are , how consistent they are , and to what extent it has consensus among employees. In this article, we will discuss in detail the concept of HRM system strength, its underlying theories, its 3 sub-dimensions and its relationship with other related HR applications
Problems in Cross-Border E-Commerce and Development of Cross-Border e-Commerce Performance Scale
Get PDFDigitalization has brought some changes in the commercial field as well as in every field. It has removed the international borders and introduced the concept of electronic commerce, which enables easy trade in the electronic environment. In this study, it is aimed to determine the problems experienced by cross border e-commerce companies and to develop the cross border e-commerce performance scale. In this context, as a first step, the most important problems were determined by interviewing the executive of the companies operating in the sector in order to create the survey questions. In the second stage, a questionnaire was applied to a group of 55 people consisting of middle and senior e-commerce experts. The validity and reliability analyse of the questions forming the questionnaire were made. As a result of the analyses, a scale was developed that measures the performance of cross border e-commerce companies. This scale developed in the field of cross border e-commerce is a first in the world. In the study, cross border e-commerce is examined in general terms and as the main problems in the sector; Problems arising from marketing, logistics, taxation and customs, payment, support and incentives have been identified. The problems arising in the field of cross border e-commerce were examined in detail, and solutions and suggestions were developed to these problems, contributing to the sector
The Influence of Procurement Audit on Procurement Effectiveness
Get PDFThe contribution and significances of procurement audit towards the procurement activities brought several debates in the country. This study examined the influence of the procurement audit on the procurement effectiveness of public organizations in Tanzania. The study identified compliance audit, value for money audit and strategic audit as the main procurement audits that are implemented in the public sector. The specific objectives were therefore, to ascertain the influence of each of the stated procurement audit on the procurement effectiveness. The study was carried out in Dar es Salaam city, surveying five public organizations (TRA, TTCL, DCC, MSD and TANESCO) that were selected to represent all other public organizations in generalizing the findings. In this survey design, 154 respondents were selected via snowball sampling techniques to represent a total of 250 respondents in data collection. Primary data were collected by self-administered questionnaires and four PPRA reports were reviewed to compile secondary data. Data were quantitatively analysed using inferential statistics; correlation and regression analysis with the aid of statistical Packages for Social sciences (IBM SPSS Statistics 23). The findings revealed that, value for money audit has high significant contribution to the procurement effectiveness followed by the compliance audit. On the other hand, the strategic audit showed an insignificant contribution to the procurement effectiveness. The study recommends, the government and PPRA to emphasize and ensure matters and recommendations given by procurement auditors are dealt accordingly while also strengthening procurement audit so as to improve procurement effectiveness and public funds management at large
Determination of Project Management Technique using AHP Decision-Making in Projects
Get PDFThis study presents the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) as a potential decision-making method of project management techniques in international trade project management. Forms created by AHP method with the involvement of 7 employees, including administrative and technical project managers and project planning supervisors working in the Project Management Organization of a leading engineering and technology company in Turkey, were collected by in-depth interview technique. After the consistency analysis, the final project management technique analysis was made. According to the findings obtained in the study, Result Orientation, Delivery Performance Competence and Installation Cost Efficiency were evaluated as the 3 most important criteria when deciding on the project management technique; that, the decision makers will apply in project management. It is possible to mention that AGILE project management is the most preferred technique. In future studies, the effect of creating an ideal project management technique framework in project management organizations can be examined based on the sequence of techniques revealed in this study and their superiorities