Tind Technologies (Norway)
Hes-so: ArODES Open Archive (University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland / Haute école spécialisée de Suisse occidentale / FH Westschweiz)Not a member yet
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Taxonomic and functional profile of the anorectal microbiota in HIV‐positive and HIV‐negative men who have sex with men, using a metagenomic approach
No full textThe study of bacterial diversity in human samples is crucial for developing biomarkers of health and disease. This research characterized the taxonomic and functional diversity of the anorectal bacterial microbiota in men who hae sex with men (MSM) with HIV compared to men from this group without HIV. In July and August 2023, self-collected anorectal swabs were obtained. DNA was extracted from each sample, and metagenomic sequencing was performed. With the obtained data, alpha and beta diversity, bacterial abundance, differential operational taxonomic units, and functional diversity were determined. Initially, 90 samples were collected, with 20 discarded due to having less than 200 ng of DNA and 15 due to incomplete sequencing, leaving 55 samples analysed (15 HIV-positive and 40 HIV-negative). No significant differences were found between groups in terms of alpha diversity (Shannon index p = 0.45) and beta diversity (PERMANOVA R = −0.03). Prevotella was identified as the most abundant genus in both groups. Twelve genes were found to be more abundant in the anorectal microbiota of the HIV group, which promote bacterial growth, colonization and survival. Alterations in the anorectal microbiota could influence the pathogenesis of HIV and its complications in this population, underscoring the need to investigate these mechanisms and explore interventions to improve health. Longitudinal studies are needed to analyse changes in the anorectal microbiota during HIV infection and its response to treatment, integrating metagenomic, clinical, and immunological data to better understand the interactions between HIV, the microbiota and host health
Activités pédagogiques et interprétatives (api) ::l’écoute musicale en contexte d’enseignement supérieur
No full textSynthetic biomedical data generation in support of In Silico Clinical Trials
No full textLiving in the era of Big Data, one may advocate that the additional synthetic generation of data is redundant. However, to be able to truly say whether it is valid or not, one needs to focus more on the meaning and quality of data than on the quantity. In some domains, such as biomedical and translational sciences, data privacy still holds a higher importance than data sharing. This by default limits access to valuable research data. Intensive discussion, agreements, and conventions among different medical research players, as well as effective techniques and regulations for data anonymization, already made a big step toward simplification of data sharing. However, the situation with the availability of data about rare diseases or outcomes of novel treatments still requires costly and risky clinical trials and, thus, would greatly benefit from smart data generation. Clinical trials and tests on animals initiate a cyclic procedure that may involve multiple redesigns and retesting, which typically takes two or three years for medical devices and up to eight years for novel medicines, and costs between 10 and 20 million euros. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) acknowledges that for many novel devices, practical limitations require alternative approaches, such as computer modeling and engineering tests, to conduct large, randomized studies. In this article, we give an overview of global initiatives advocating for computer simulations in support of the 3R principles (Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement) in humane experimentation. We also present several research works that have developed methodologies of smart and comprehensive generation of synthetic biomedical data, such as virtual cohorts of patients, in support of In Silico Clinical Trials (ISCT) and discuss their common ground
Antipsychiatrie et droits des patient∙es ::mouvements contestataires et crise institutionnelle à Genève (1972-1989)
No full textLe 29 juin 1980, un jeune homme est retrouvé mort dans sa chambre à la clinique psychiatrique universitaire de Bel-Air. Son décès génère une indignation collective d’autant plus vive qu’il est un fondateur de l’Association de défense des droits des usagers de la psychiatrie (Adupsy). Rassemblements, manifestations, tracts, conférences de presse, missives adressées aux rédactions de journaux et lettres ouvertes de personnalités ont donné lieu à un bouillonnement médiatique dépassant les frontières cantonales et ébranlant profondément la psychiatrie institutionnelle genevoise et au-delà. Basée sur des documents d’archives militantes et d’institutions politiques, sur des articles de presse, des publications et des entretiens avec des témoins historiques, l’enquête sociohistorique présentée dans cet ouvrage propose une historicisation de ces événements
Spatial dependence of non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in a Swiss region ::a retrospective analysis
No full textNutrition and neuroinflammation ::are middle-aged women in the red zone?
No full textWomen exhibit unique vulnerabilities in health, especially regarding mental health and neurodegenerative diseases. Biological, hormonal, and metabolic differences contribute to sex-specific risks that remain underrepresented in clinical studies. Diseases such as major depressive disorder (MDD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are more prevalent in women and may be influenced by hormonal transitions, particularly during menopause. Chronic low-grade inflammation is emerging as a shared mechanism underlying both conditions, and this inflammatory state can be worsened by dietary habits. During menopause, mood and sleep disturbances can influence dietary behavior, leading to enhanced snacking and consumption of high-glycemic and comfort foods. Such foods, low in nutritional value, promote weight gain and elevated inflammatory markers. Their consumption combined (or not) with a preexisting Western diet pattern—already linked to inflammation—could reinforce systemic inflammation involving the gut–brain axis. Moreover, the symptoms “per se” could act on inflammation as well. Peripheral inflammation may cross the blood–brain barrier, sustaining mood disorders and promoting neurodegenerative changes. Finally, MDD and AD are both associated with conditions such as obesity and diabetes, which occur more frequently in women. The review highlights how menopause-related changes in mood, sleep, and diet may heighten susceptibility to mental and neurodegenerative diseases
Le "Dispositif Jeunes" de la Barje, une étape dans le parcours d’accompagnement des jeunes ::ancrage dans le réseau genevois et modes de coopération avec les partenaires
No full textBridging simulation and real-world data::insights from solar energy communities experiences in Switzerland and Canada
No full textThis paper explores the development of neighborhood-scale solar energy communities to enhance energy self-sufficiency, resilience, and efficiency. Through the integration of solar photovoltaics (PV), battery storage, electric vehicles (EVs), and microgrids, these communities optimize local energy use and reduce grid dependency. Two complementary case studies are analyzed: Aigues-Vertes, Switzerland, where dynamic energy modelling (PVSyst®, PowerFactory®) is used to simulate solar PV integration and storage strategies, and West 5, Canada, where real-world performance data assesses the effectiveness of passive and active solar strategies, microgrid operations, and energy flexibility. A qualitative comparative approach is used to analyze implementation processes, contextual constraints, and design strategies within differing institutional and planning frameworks. Findings underscore the value of simulation in pre-implementation planning and the role of empirical data in validating long-term system performance. Both cases demonstrate high levels of self-consumption, substantial CO₂ emission reductions, and strong economic viability. This paper concludes with ten key recommendations to guide policymakers, urban planners, and developers in overcoming implementation barriers and scaling up solar-powered urban communities as part of the broader energy transition and climate strategy
HES-XPLAIN - an open platform for accelerating the development of eXplainable AI systems
No full textAI is widely adopted, but users often struggle to trust decisions they don’t understand. Explainable AI (XAI) aims to address this issue, yet many tools remain complex. HES-XPLAIN, our open-source platform, simplifies access to XAI with intuitive methods and support for diverse data types. It includes a comprehensive library, notebooks, and documentation, designed for data scientists, decision-makers, educators, and others to help them integrate XAI in their AI projects