ISBS (International Society of Biomechanics in Sports): Conference Proceedings Archive
Not a member yet
5464 research outputs found
Sort by
ANTHROPOMETRIC AND STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF RUGBY PLACE KICKERS
Full text linkThe musculoskeletal demands of rugby place kicking are of interest to coaches from both a performance and an injury perspective. Specific musculoskeletal model inputs are required to accurately investigate these demands. This study determined selected anthropometric and strength characteristics of professional and amateur place kickers from photo-based measurements and vertical jumps. All segmental inertia characteristics were similar between the two groups aside from the torso moment of inertia. Professional players displayed superior jump strength measures compared with the amateurs. The kickers\u27 inertia and strength characteristics also differed from commonly used values obtained from physically active males and male soccer players. Careful consideration of input parameters is required when developing musculoskeletal models of rugby kickers
EFFECTS OF STRETCH-SHORTENING CYCLE DURING TRUNK-TWIST EXERCISE USING DIFFERENT LOADS
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of stretch-shortening cyde (SSC) movement during bunk-twist and whether the effects change on increasing the loads by using a special trunk-twist machine. Twenty-one male college students performed trunktwist exercise with 3 loads. Participants performed this exercise for each load by using SSC and not using SSC (CON). Kinematic and kinetic data were recorded using Vimn system (250 Hz) and force platform (1,000 Hz). The following effects of SSC for this exercise were observed: (1) peak bar angular velocity was not potentiated by SSC, but SSC contributed to the acceleration of bar angular velocity and (2)for heavy loads, SSC did not affect mean angular velocity of the bar, upper trunk and pelvic rotation. Moreover, peak joint torque power of trunk-twist significantly decreased with heavy loads
BACKGROUND MUSCLE ACTIVITY INFLUENCES MECHANICAL RESPONSE DURING REPEATED MAXIMUM MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS
Full text linkThis study was designed to examine whether background muscle activity and prediction of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) timing influence the mechanical response elicited by the MVC during passive repetition of shortening, lengthening, and isometric contractions. Background muscle activity and prediction of the timing of MVC influenced the mechanical response elicited by the MVC during passive repetition of shortening, lengthening, and isometric contractions
A BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF 1-ON-1 OFFENSE\u27S FEINT MOTION WITH A DRIBBLE IN BASKETBALL
No full textThe purposes of this study were to classify 1 an-I feint motion with a dribble in basketball by the cluster analysis and to investigate the biomechanical characteristics of the classified one. The subjects were ten male varsity basketball players. The 1-on-1 feint motion with a dribble in basketball were classified into 4 types; Anterior-Posterior (AP) type, Shaking- Left- Right (S-LR) type, Shaking-Anterior-Posterior (S-AP) type, Left-Right (LR) type by the Ward method of the hierarchical duster analysis with Euclidean distance measure based on the relative COM velocity and relative foot position. The AP and LR types that an offensive player took large step at switching without shaking the COM were likely to be easy to defend, but shaking the COM was an effective technique to get a head of a defensive player
THE ROLE OF JOINTS OF LOWER LIMB DURING SHOCK ABSORBING PHASE IN RACE WALKING
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of each joint of the lower limb during the shock absorbing phase in race walking (RW) by comparing it with normal walking (NW) and running (RU). Three active race walkers participated in this study. They performed NW, RW and RU (toe-strike) with self-selected speed in a motion capture laboratory. An optical 3D motion capturing system with two force plates was used. The vertical fluctuation of the center of mass in RW was the smallest among the three movements. The negative power at the ankle and knee joint were hardly detected in RW, however, a relatively large negative power was observed at the hip joint. The negative works of both total and individual joint were obtained by integrating the negative power during the shock absorbing phase. The total negative work in NW (0.14 Wlkg) was the smallest among the three motions. The ratio of the hip joint was greater (36.7%) than the other joints in RW
A QUALITATIVE COMPARISON OF DlSC MOVEMENT AND INTER JOINT COORDINATION OF UPPER LIMB IN FLYING DlSC FOREHAND THROWING
Full text linkThe aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of players according to their experience levels during Flying disc forehand throwing. Two players were recruited for this study according to their experience level (skilled (SP) and unskilled (UP)). 3 dimensional motion analysis were performed to analyse the disc trajectory and inter-joint coordination patterns qualitatively. SP showed greater range of disc trajectory both on horizontal and sagittal plane according to their release point. Coordination patterns showed differences especially on shoulder and wrist joint angles. Disc trajectories and inter joint coordination results can be explained as a result of changes on upper body moments according to the experience level of players. Therefore, these characteristics increase the initial velocity of disc which can affect the disc
MAIN CONTRIBUTORS TO HIP JOINT MOTION IN SWING LEG DURING MAXIMAL VELOCITY PHASE IN SPRINT
Full text linkThe purposes of this study were 1) to quantify the dynamic contributions of the individual terms; such as, joint torque term, gravitational term, and motion-dependent term (MDT), to the generation of angular velocity of the swing leg hip joint, and 2) to investigate the main contributors to the hip angular velocity considering the generating factor of the MDT. Three male sprinters performed maximal-effort sprinting. Dynamic contributions of the individual terms were calculated, and then the generating factors of the MDT were quantified using a recurrence formula. The results showed that 1 ) the MDT is one of the great contributors to the hip joint angular velocity, and 2) main contributors of the swing leg hip angular velocity are not only instantaneous and cumulative effects of the swing leg hip joint torque but also instantaneous effect of the contralateral hip joint torque
SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL MOVEMENT PATTERNS OF THE SHOULDER JOINT IN BALLET DANCERS TO EXPRESS THE FLATTERING SWAN
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to characterize both spatial and temporal patterns of the shoulder joint movement in the upper limb motion when ballet dancers are performing the flap of swan wings. Twenty-three expert female dancers (Dance group) and 21 inexperienced age-matched females (Control group) participated in the study. Thirty-three reflective markers were attached to the trunk and upper limbs, and then the upper limb motion in the "Swan Lake" was captured with 8 optical cameras. The spatial and temporal characteristics of movement pattern of angular displacements with time were calculated to compare between groups. As a result, the shoulder joint movements of each group showed different movement pattern especially in horizontal flexion/extension and internal rotation. Therefore, the internal rotation of shoulder joint in arm downward movements and horizontal extension of shoulder joint in arm upward movements would be one of the fundamental skills to perform the swan wings expression
A BIOMECHANICAL STUDY OF TIMING IN BASEBALL BATTING AGAINST A PITCHED FASTBALL: COMPARISON OF BATTING SITUATIONS WITH AND WITHOUT PRIOR KNOWLEDGE OF THE TYPE OF PITCH
Full text linkThe aim of the study was to examine the differences in the timing of the batting motion between a situation in which the batter knew beforehand the type of incoming pitch and a situation in which he did not. Nine pitchers and 9 batters participated in this study. Batters were requested to hit the pitched ball in known-pitch and unknown-pitch situations. A successful trial of the batter was one in which the ball was hit squarely; a failed trial was one that produced a glancing blow. Pitching and batting motions were recorded with video cameras and a motion capture system. In the known-pitch situation, significant positive correlations were found between four batting phases and three pitching phases. The results suggested that the timing strategy of the batting motion in the unknown situation is different from that of the known situation
CHARACTERlSTlCS OF BODY MOTION IN A NOVICE RACE WALKER
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to clarify the movement characteristics of novice race walkers using kinematics analysis. A junior high school newcomer 5km race was videotaped at 60 field/s with a video camera. The subjects were 16 junior high school student race walkers. The results were summarized as follows, (IT)h e stance phase of the novice race walkers was longer than that of experienced walkers referred to several previous studies. (2) There was a significant relationship between the walking speed and the step length in experienced walkers and faster novice walkers. However, the group of slower walkers in this study had a small stride length, and there was no significant relationship between the walking speed and the step length