ISBS (International Society of Biomechanics in Sports): Conference Proceedings Archive
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PERFORMANCE RELATED FACTORS IN COUNTERMOVEMENT JUMPS: IDENTIFIED USING A CONTINUOUS SUBGROUP ANALYSIS APPROACH
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to examine the benefit of utilizing a subgroup analysis design over a single group analysis design, and determine if performance related factors differ across individuals in countermovement jumping. Joint kinematics and kinetics were used to cluster 122 individuals into four groups, based on their movement strategy. The ability to describe jump height across a single group and subgroup analysis design was assessed to measure the performance of both analysis designs, and performance related factors were identified across the generated clusters. Findings highlight a greater ability of the subgroup analysis design to describe jump height, indicating a benefit of utilizing a subgroup analysis. This is supported by the performance related factors identified, which differed across individuals
THE DEVELOPMENT OF A REAL-TIME FEEDBACK SYSTEM IN WEIGHTLIFTING
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to develop a real-time feedback system (RTFS), which can provide weightlifters some useful information, such as the heights of the bar, video clip and so on, immediately after finishing their attempts under training conditions. A Kinect was used to capture the depth data and RGB video, the methods of the pattern recognition and algorithm were established, and the software was developed to identify the barbell and calculate the 3-D data of barbell COM (Centre of Mass). An experiment was carried out to compare the data from RTFS and that from 3D analysis based on video to check the reliability of RTFS. The results showed that the data of barbell COM obtained by RTFS can describe the movement of barbell sufficiently. This new system can help weightlifters to diagnose their skills and improve their training effectively
AN INEXPENSIVE AND SIMPLE 3-D MOTION CAPTURE PROCEDURE
Get PDFCommercial motion capture systems that are expensive, require permanent fixing, or require large and/or cumbersome calibration frames can preclude the use of video analysis in a training environment. Using inexpensive high-speed cameras, a checkerboard, and free open-source software a procedure was determined to achieve good motion-tracking accuracy for the study of divers at a pool. This procedure will be used in future studies, and may also be of use to other researchers with limited budgets
A COMPARISON OF BASEBALL POSITIONAL DIFFERENCES WITH REACTIVE STRENGTH INDEX-MODIFIED
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to examine positional differences amongst 29 baseball players using the Reactive Strength Index-modified (RSImod) values during unloaded and loaded countermovement jumps (CMJ). A secondary purpose was to determine the relationship between other jump performance characteristics and RSImod values. All athletes underwent CMJ testing and RSImod values were compared between pitchers and position players. The loaded condition CMJ produced statistically different RSImod values between the two groups. Scaled peak force was somewhat more strongly related to RSImod than rate of force development (RFD). The current study indicates that position players may possess higher reactive strength capabilities than pitchers and scaled peak force may be more important than RFD in determining reactive strength characteristics
SAGITTAL COUPLING ANALYSIS IN THE ROUNDHOUSE KICK IN TAEKWONDO
Get PDFAnalysis of coordination in taekwondo has been carried out by heterogeneous methods but no analysis of segment coupling has been done. The aim of this study was to analyse intralimb coordination in the roundhouse kick in taekwondo using Vector Coding. Four experienced (right-footed) female athletes participated in the study. Motion analysis was measured by two 3-D force plates and an eight-camera motion capture system. Data analyses were processed using Visual 3D and Matlab softwares. The prevalant coordination pattern changed throughout the roundhouse kick, with each phase of the movement having a different primary movement pattern
3 DECADES OF FORCE MEASUREMENT ON VAULT IN GYMNASTICS
Get PDFForce measurement on gymnastics apparatuses can give useful knowledge about technique of gymnasts, but also on injury prevention and stress on the human body. Since 1986 direct force measurements on vault horse and tables were applied by our researchers. Aim of this paper is to publish information about the technology we used for direct force measurements. All measuring systems were customized to the apparatuses from different manufacturers. Most measures were arranged in training sessions, but we report also about data collection in official competitions. Examples of force patterns give an idea of peak forces and impulse during different vault groups (handspring, Kasamatsu)
KINEMATICS OF THORAX AND PELVIS DURING MAXIMAL ACCELERATED SPRINTING
Get PDFChanges in thorax and pelvis movements during acceleration phase of maximal sprinting, which relate to acceleration ability, are still unknown. This study aimed to clarify the changes in thorax and pelvis movements during maximal accelerated sprinting and its relation to better acceleration ability. Twelve sprinters performed a 60-m sprint, during which 3D kinematics of the sprinters were obtained. The same patterns of motions were maintained for thorax and pelvis respectively throughout the entire acceleration phase, although phase profiles of relative movements between thorax and pelvis in three planes differed. Moreover, results indicated that effective acceleration is characterised by suppressed trunk bend, delayed trunk rotation, and forward tilted pelvis in the middle acceleration section and suppressed trunk bend in the final acceleration section
CENTRE OF PRESSURE DURING COUNTERMOVEMENT JUMP: IS IT RELATED TO EXPERTISE OR PERFORMANCE?
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to investigate how specific variables related to the centre of pressure (CoP) trajectory during a countermovement jump (CMJ) carry information related to expertise and performance. The variables investigated were: lengths and average velocities during eccentric (Ecc) and concentric (Con) phases, medio-lateral (ML) and antero-posterior (AP) ranges of movement, and ML bias. In terms of expertise, the curves were tracked and compared over four jump sessions conducted by both experienced and inexperienced jumpers to investigate adaptive changes towards a more efficient way of jumping. Links between performance and those characteristics were also investigated. Our study indicated that no useful information related to either expertise or performance can be extracted from the CoP trajectory during a CMJ
KINETIC AND KINEMATIC ANALYSIS OF RECURVE ARCHERY SHOOTING TECHNIQUE
Get PDFThe study investigated shooting techniques of the archers with kinetic and kinematic methods. Twenty-seven archers of different skill levels have been involved into the current study to investigate both muscular activation strategies of nine muscles and some kinematic data on drawing hand side. A statistical significant difference (p0.05) in the time-dependent exchange values of the angle of the joints, a difference was detected in the graphical sense. Elite archers use distal muscles less but proximal and axial muscles more, and mid-level and novice archers use distal muscles more to pull the bowstring. This was interpreted to be the most important factor affecting the horizontal oscillation (lateral diflection) of bowstring
LOW BACK PAIN IN SPORT: BIOMECHANICS AND INTERVENTION
Get PDFConsidering the large number of peer-reviewed papers that have been written on sports injuries, relatively few intervention studies have been conducted. This is especially the case for the problem of low back pain (LBP) in sport. With the few intervention studies that have been conducted in this area, positive clinical outcomes have been infrequent. This may be due to the lack of individualized approaches which tailor intervention for the athlete according to the presence of known risk factors. Two recent studies conducted in 1) elite male fast bowlers in cricket and 2) schoolgirl rowers have attempted to address this issue. It is recommended that more work is needed in this area to try and improve clinical outcomes