ISBS (International Society of Biomechanics in Sports): Conference Proceedings Archive
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CHARACTERISTICSOF ELITE SWIM TURNPERFORMANCES
Get PDFIt is generally undisputed that the turn is of paramount importance in distance and middle distance competitive swimming. Accordingly, there is a need to identifythe value of those parameters in the turn that are typical of international elite performance. This will be of vital importance in coaching, to assist swimmers to improve their performance in this aspect of competition. Using the Wetplate analysis system, many elite international swimmers were analysed performing a turn. Selected parameters for elite freestyle, butterfly, backstroke and breaststroke swimming in both genders, that represented the superior turners in each group, were analysed to identify a value for these parameters. A Pearson product moment correlation statistic was also performed on the data to identify those parameters that were of most significant interest in performance enhancement
OPTIMISING RUNNING MECHANICS FOR LONG-DISTANCE RUNNING: ALIGNING GROUND REACTION FORCE AND LONGITUDINAL LEG AXIS VECTORS
Get PDFThis study examined whether changes in running economy were associated with changes in alignment of the resultant ground reaction force (GRF) and leg axis and consequent changes in joint moment arms after a ten-week running programme (10wkRP). Ten novice, female runners completed a 10wkRP with biomechanical and physiological testing occurring both pre- and post-10wkRP. Oxygen consumption
Physical Activity Demands in Elite Basketball Games
Get PDFWe describe a new classification of the physical demands of basketball by comparing different positions and functions of players on the team. We classified movements into three categories: horizontal displacements (divided into six subcategories), vertical displacements (divided into six subcategories), and contact forces (divided into two subcategories). The increased number of contact forces recorded in a basketball game reveals the importance of including this category in the analysis. This work reveals the importance of considering physical activities in different ways using more detailed categories
THE INFLUENCE OF FOOT ALIGNMENT ON KINEMATIC PARAMETERS OF GAIT IN BALLET DANCERS
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to assess the relationship between kinematic parameters and foot rotation relating to gait direction. Thirty-two professional ballet dancers (15 males, 17 females; age 26.8±5.6 years) participated in this research. Each participant performed five trials of gait at self-selected walking speed. Kinematic data was obtained using the optoelectronic system Vicon MX. Foot axis angle (°) was obtained by Footscan (RSscan International). Significant differences (p < 0.05) between the kinematic variables and foot axis angle were observed at knee flexion in the stance phase and ROM (range of motion) and maximum pelvic rotation in female as well as knee ROM in the frontal plane, and maximum pelvic obliquity and rotation in men. Significant differences between two groups of dancers with foot axis angle under and above 15 degrees were found for the knee and pelvic kinematic variables. This altered movement can lead to increased stress load on the joints of the lower limbs and predispose to injuries or early degenerative changes in the musculoskeletal system. Avoiding excessive foot external rotation during gait may reduce load on the musculoskeletal system and may prevent injuries
KINEMATIC ANALYSIS OF BASKET WITH 5/4 TURN TO HANDSTAND OF SHIXIONG ZHOU ON PARALLEL BARS
Get PDFThe basket with 5/4 turn to handstand on parallel bars is a representative movement of E group; in 1896 it is listed as the Olympic Games project. The parallel bars have been one of the Chinese men\u27s gymnastics advantage projects since 1980s. From 1980 to 2011, China\u27s elite athletes Li Yuejiu, Lou Yun, Li Jing, Huang Liping, Zhang Jingjin, Li Xiaopeng and Yang Wei won more than a dozen times world champion on the parallel bars in the world gymnastics competitions. China\u27s athletes can keep long-term advantage of this project status and competitive strength, in addition to keep pace with the times innovation of difficult moves, there is another important reason is to continuously improve the leading trend of action quality
EFFECT OF ILLUMINATION ON THE OBSTACLE-CROSSING BEHAVIORS OF ELDERLY WOMEN
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to determine how illumination affect elderly women when stepping over obstacles. A motion capture system was used to collect the kinematics data of 15 elderly women. The results revealed that the obstacle-crossing behavior of elderly women were affected by the illumination. Compare to the high illumination condition, the elderly women decreased their toe distance and heel distance (
COGNITIVE FUNCTIONAL APPROACH TO MANAGE LOW BACK PAIN IN ROWERS
Get PDFThere is a high prevalence of low back pain in rowers at all training levels. However, very few studies have reported an effective management strategy to reduce low back pain in these athletes. This may be due to the multidimensional nature of low back pain that ranges from physical, psychological, social and lifestyle factors. Recently, a Cognitive Functional approach to manage low back pain has been shown to reduce low back pain and disability in adolescent male rowers. This management strategy has been adapted and implemented to prevent LBP in elite international level rowers
MEASURING IMPACTS AND INFORMING MODELLING PROCESSES
Get PDFPrimarily using rugby union situations as case study examples for the practical demonstration, the initial part of the session will discuss both familiar and emerging techniques to measure the biomechanics of sport impact situations. We will cover some of the issues that need to be accounted for to acquire robust data in such complex environments, and we will discuss how experimental measures can be either used in their own right to develop knowledge of impact biomechanics or can provide data to input a modelling pipeline and for model validation purposes
TEACHING INTRODUCTORY AND ADVANCED BtOMECHANICS IN GERMANY AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Get PDFThis paper will review differences and similarities of teaching biomechanics in Germany and the United States. Data of typical biomechanics course offerings in exercise sciencelsports science programs for both countries will be presented. Furthermore, the structure of course offerings will be discussed with respect to lecture/lab and active learning opportunities
INTEGRATIVE APPROACHES FOR SUCCESSFUL REHABILITATION
Get PDFCurrently it is common that sport biomechanists and orthopedic surgeons work together for sports injury prevention and rehabilitation training in Korea. Functional training is the latest issue in not sports injury prevention but rehabilitation at the moment. It works on the premise that the body is designed to work by performing patterns of movement which engages muscles in natural way rather than in one plane of movement. Understanding how each of the body\u27s joints or systems works independently is essential to see whether that section has the capacity to function as part of the whole. A biornechanical screen will provide this information and is used as a precursor to functional screening and training. Once each joint or system has the capacity to function correctly, functional training using combinations of joints and systems, then becomes more likely and the movements are pure not compensatory. Dr. Junggi Hong is the most active scholar and practitioner in the performance training and sports medicine for athletes in Korea. He contributes athletic rehabilitation and injury prevention field in Korea through co-work with many athletic trainers in various professional sports teams and physicians in sports medical centers in Korea