ISBS (International Society of Biomechanics in Sports): Conference Proceedings Archive
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BlOMECHANlCAL ANALYSIS OF VERTICAL JUMP WITH DIFFERENT FOREFOOT MORPHOLOGY
Get PDFThis study examined biomechanical differences between habitually barefoot male and habitually shod male during vertical jump. Foot morphology was measured with Easy-Foot-Scan. Foot kinetics and ankle kinematics were obtained from EMED pressure platform and Vicon motion analysis system as completing vertical jumps under barefoot condition. The results showed that habitually barefoot subjects had a significantly larger minimal distance between hallux and other toes. habitually unshod subjects showed larger loading under hallux and medial forefoot, while habitually shod subjects presented larger loading under medial and central forefoot. in addition, habitually barefoot male had smaller ankle plantarflexion, eversion and external rotation during vertical jump. Differences of kinematics and kinetics during vertical jump might attribute to the morphological differences in the toes region, which possibly explain the foot injury risks between habitually barefoot and habitually shod individuals
SKIPP FROM HEAD TO TOES: SPORTS KINESIOLOGY, INJURY PREVENTION AND PERFORMANCE - CONCUSSION TO ACHILLES INJURY BIOMECHANICS
Get PDFUnderstanding injury mechanisms and risk factors, and introducing interventions to reduce inappropriate forces, are key to being a successful sports injury biomechanist. Monitoring rugby players’ head impacts with triaxial accelerometers in behind-the-ear patches and instrumented mouthguards has shown that the size and frequency of impacts in rugby were greater than most other sports. Assessment of lower limb stiffness in elite triathletes has shown the association with Achilles tendon injury risk.Visual feedback training in rowers has changed biomechanics and reducedinjury risk. Monitoring load in gymnastics is important to reduce injury risk. Translation of SKIPP knowledge into SportSmart and its derivative programmes has provided practical information for coaches and athletes, helped change attitudes and behaviours towards injury prevention and reduce injuries
IMAGE-BASED MEASUREMENT AND BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF THE KNEE JOINT DURING FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITIES
Get PDFA new approach based on the integration of medical image-based measurement techniques, infrared stereophotogrammetry and finite element modelling (FEM) was developed for comprehensive subject-specific biomechanical analyses of the knee joint during weight-bearing functional activities including cycling. The medical image-based methods include digitally reconstructed radiograph (DRR) based 3D fluoroscopy methods, and a new slice-to-volume registration method using FLASH MRI for the real-time measurement of the 3D kinematics of the knee in vivo. With the new approach, the soft tissue artefacts associated with skin marker-based stereophotogrammetry and their effects on the calculated biomechanical variables were also investigated
METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES FOR BIOMECHANICAL APPOACHES IN WINTER SPORTS
Get PDFMany research questions related to performance or to injury prevention require biomechanical approaches and study plans that provide the best achievable compromise between internal and external validity. This is especially true for winter sport activities like skiing or snowboarding which cannot adequately be reproduced under laboratory conditions. The keynote presentation will illustrate how these methodological challenges have been addressed to answer three research questions related to injury prevention and the development of safety gear in winter sports: (1) the loading of the hip joint at different skiing manoeuvers (to answer the question if skiing is recommendable sport for people with hip replacement), (2) the effectiveness of wrist guards for the prevention of wrist or lower arm fractures in snowboarding (3) the development of algorithms for mechatronic ski bindings with the target to reduce the unchanged high rate of knee injuries
DEVELOPMENT OF A REAL-TIME BIOFEEDBACK TOOL FOR MARTIAL ARTS COACHING PRACTICE
Get PDFPower and neural response are two vital elements in martial arts striking. Currently, there are no practical methods exist to present these aspects to practitioners in a training environment. Our study has developed one. Our method consisted of an optical signal system, EMG and 3D motion capture. The feedback provided was generated by a selfdeveloped dynamic calculation programs using kinematics and EMG data as input. The results showed that our system provided both total power and its components (i.e. linear & angular) of a striking as well as the related response time. Since the method offers feedback of power intensity, attack accuracy, central and peripheral reaction time to practitioners in a quasi-training environment, it has great potential to become a real-time biofeedback tool in practice for increasing training efficiency and effectiveness
DIFFERENTIATION OF THE ENERGETIC PARAMETERS BETWEEN MALE AND FEMALE ELITE POLE VAULTERS
Get PDFThis study aimed to examine whether differences were evident in the average energetic waveforms and energy summary results between four male and four female elite pole vaulters. Full body DXA scans and 3D body surface scans were conducted for each of the athletes to allow subject specific body segment inertial parameters to be calculated. A total of 67 vaults were recorded across the 8 vaulters, with a 3D kinematic analysis being performed on each vault. Translational and rotational kinetic energy; and gravitational potential energy were derived from this analysis and used to calculate total vaulter energy. Average summary energy values and energetic waveforms were compared between the male and female vaulters. Significant differences were found in some of the initial energy values as well as variables related to the pole extension phase
THE ESTABLISHMENT OF MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE TAKE-OFF SPEED OF AERIALS OF FREESTYLE SKIING
Get PDFThe take-off speed of freestyle skiing aerials is one of the key factors which can decide the success. However, the take-off speed depends on snow quality, circumstance condition, in-run slope angle, in-run distance, air resistance and skiers’ action. By using sports biomechanics, mathematical model and numerical simulation method and combining theory with experiment, this study sets up a mathematical model of outside circumstance and skiers’ self-adjustment, simulates the changes of inside and outside stress in each stage of sliding, calculates the parameters intuitively and then forms into speed values. The setup of this model can provide scientific guidance for ensuring necessary take-off speed for specific actions
FOOT STRIKE POSTURE AND LOWER-LIMB DYNAMICS DURING SIDESTEPPING AMONG ELITE FEMALE ATHLETES: IMPLICATIONS FOR ACL INJURY RISK
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to compare the lower-limb dynamics between fore-foot (FF) and rear-foot (RF) strike patterns during unplanned sidestepping. Three-dimensional (3D) motion capture data were collected from 16 elite female hockey players. Ankle, knee, and hip: angle at initial foot contact (IC), range of motion (ROM), peak moment, and negative peak net joint power during weight acceptance phase were compared between athletes using natural RF and FF strike techniques. Results showed ankle and hip angle at IC, ankle ROM, peak ankle and knee extension moments, peak knee valgus moments, and ankle and knee negative peak net power between RF and FF strike patterns were significantly different (a < 0.05). These findings show foot strike technique during unplanned sidestepping can effect athlete lower-limb dynamics, where RF strike athletes may be at higher risk of ACL injury
BAREFOOT RUNNING WITH ELONGATED OR SHORTENED ACHILLES TENDON AFTER RUPTURE
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to compare the internal abduction moment in the knee joint during barefoot (BF) running by athletes who have experienced Achilles tendon (AT) rupture compared to a control group. The study featured 14 recreational runners without other acutemusculo-skeletal injuries. Three groups were created: with a shortened AT (n = 3), with an elongated AT (n = 6), and a control group (n = 5). Kinematic and ground reaction force data were synchronized and then used to calculate the internal abduction moment in the knee. The normalized maximum values of internal abduction moment in the knee joint of the affected limb for the experimental groups exceeded those for the healthy subjects(ES > 0.81). These data suggest that biomechanical risk factors for knee osteoarthritis in limbs with a history of AT rupture may be increased during BF running
COMPARISON OF MOVEMENT CHARACTERISTIC AND MUSCLE ACTIVATION BETWEEN DIFFERENT FITNESS HOOPS
Get PDFPurpose: To compare the movement characteristics and muscle activation between Hula Hoop (HL) and Mini Hoop (MH). Methods: Sixteen healthy females randomly used HL and MH three minutes, respectively. Motion Analysis System and Noraxon wireless surface electromyography (EMG) were used to measure the movement characteristics and muscle activation. The paired t-test was used to test the difference between MH and HL. Results: The HL had larger in range of hip motion and root mean square of EMG in spinal erectors than MH (p < .05); the MH had higher in movement frequency (cycles per second) and median frequency of EMG in spinal erectors than HL (p < .05). Conclusion: Two fitness hoops have different movement characteristics and muscle action due to the different equipment design