ISBS (International Society of Biomechanics in Sports): Conference Proceedings Archive
Not a member yet
5464 research outputs found
Sort by
THE INFLUENCE OF CHANGES IN SPRINT ABlLlN ON THE SLED VELOCIN PROFILE DURING THE SKELETON START
Get PDFSprint times are key predictors of skeleton start petformance, but the effect of enhancing sprint ability on the development of sled velocity is unknown. Twelve well-trained skeleton athletes performed three dry-land push-starts and three 30-m sprints before and after 16 training weeks. Sled velocity profiles were characterised using three descriptors (pre-load velocity, pre-load distance and load effectiveness) and a sled acceleration index was used to evaluate performance. Increases in pre-load velocity and distance were related to improved sprint times. However, enhanced sprint ability did not guarantee a faster start as reductions in load effectiveness were also observed when higher velocities were attained. Coaches could supplement physical conditioning with load technique training to potentially improve the transfer of training-induced sled velocity increases across the loading phase
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN TAKE-OFF BEHAVIOR DURING VERTICAL JUMPS AND TWO ARTISTIC ELEMENTS
Get PDFThe present study analysed the possible application of vertical jumps as a diagnostic tool for the acrobatic elements backward somersault (6s) and Menichelli (MEN). Therefore, 14 female gymnasts of the German national squad performed dassical vertical jumps (CMJ, SJ, DJ), backward somersaults and Menichellis during a diagnostic camp at the German Research Centre of Elite Sport (momentum). Kinematic and kinetic parameters were captured by a 30-motion capture system and two force plates. Take off velocities of the CMJ and backward somersault showed significant correlations (r=0.86). Besides possible predictions for take4ff velocity of BS performing CMJ, findings did not address execution of MEN. Concerning training purposes, vertical jumping does not affect performance characteristics of acrobatic elements
REVISITING RUN-UP VELOCITY IN GYMNASTICS VAULTING
Get PDFThe vault run-up velocity is important from a competitive aspect In gymnastics. Its importance is well understood by practitioners, and its measurement would seem to be simple. Relevant data are relatively abundant but disorganised in the literature. The purpose of this study was to delve into run-up velocity measurements in previous research and to interpret the data and the possible influences based on the methodologies of the studies. By organising a cluster of run-up velocity data as well as the methodologies of the previous studies, we have clarified what is known about run-up velocity and problems to be overcome for its practical use. This is one of the most essential steps to reaching ISBS\u27s goal: to bridge the gap between researchers and practitioners
COMPARISON IN LOWER LIMB KINEMATICS AFFECTING RUNNING ECONOMY OF TRAINED AND UNTRAINED RUNNERS
Get PDFThis study compared trained and untrained runners to explore factors affecting running economy(RE). Trained male and untrained male distance runners participated in this study. The trained participants ran for 4 min at 6 different constant speeds, while the untrained participants ran at 4 different constant speeds on a level treadmill. During the test, respiratory variables associated with RE were continuously measured using an expiration gas analysis system. Stride parameters such as step length and frequency, as well as phase time and joint kinematics such as joint angles, range of motion, and joint angular velocity of the lower limb joints were calculated from marker coordinates. There was a significant difference in RE between trained and untrained runners. Some stride characteristics significantly affected both training and RE
A BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS FOR PROFICIENT AND LESS-PROFICIENT SUBJECTS FOR SOCCER HEADING
Get PDFSoccer is one of the most popular sports and is played and watched by millions of people around the world. In heading the players intentionally strike the ball using his head; therefore it is essential to instruct them in a proper manner how to do it optimally. Our results showed that lower and upper body had a significant difference between the proficient and less proficient subjects. For upper body kinematics, the proficient subjects exerted lesser elbow angles (47.8" (1.9) than the less-proficient (58.7"(3.5)). In the case of lower bdy kinetics, the proficient subjects exerted greater ankle moment (l.g(O.2) NmlKg) than less proficient subjects (1.5(0.3)Nm/Kg). With the results obtained it became possible to create particular training programs on how to perform a skill better and therefore result in an improvement of their ability
HIP JOINT KINETIS CONTRIBUTING TO UPPER BODY TWISTING DURING PIRUETT~E N DEHOR IN CLASSICAL BALLET
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to investigate the hip joint kinetics contributing to the upper body rotation during the initial phase of pirouette en dehor in classical ballet. The hypotheses were that the contributions of the hip joint kinetics would change depending on the phases and numbers of rotations. Pirueflbs en dehor from single to quadruple revolutions were captured and analysed by the inverse dynamics method. The hip abductor torque of the anterior leg, the hip flexor and adductor torques of the posterior leg contributed to the rotation (90-130%, 36-47% and 26-36%, respectively) during a double stance phase. These increased with every number of revolutions. The hip internal rotator torque of the anterior leg and moment of the anteroposterior hip joint reaction force of the posterior leg limited the rotation during the double and the following single stance phase
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SEQUENTIAL MOVEMENT, MUSCLE CO-CONTRACTION AND KLNEMATLC VARIABLES OF FLYING DISC BACKHAND THROWING
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to analyse sequential movement of segments and co-contraction index and its correlation with kinematic variables. Disc trajectory and velocity (DV) variables calculated according to the medio-lateral (DOM) and vertical (DOV) displacement. The time differences calculated according to maximum linear velocity of segments from proximal to distal and reported as shoulder & elbow (S-E), elbow & wrist (E-W), wrist & finger (W-F). Co-contraction index (CI) were calculated for flexor and extensor carpi radialis. DV and S-E, W-F, DOM showed correlation which may be caused by the sequential movement of S-E, W-F and the displacement of the disc. Also, there was a correlation between the CI, DOM and DOV. Therefore, decrease of time gap between the segment movements and higher CI may increase the DV effectively
A COMPARISON OF BALANCE CONTROL BETWEEN JAVELIN THROWERS AND BASEBALL PITCHERS
Get PDFThis study evaluated the balance control in javelin throwers and baseball pitchers. Twenty-four athletes took part in the study and for each we measured their static and dynamic balance by Biodex Balance System, AMTl AccuSway force plate and Y balance test. The paired t-test was conducted to compare all the variables within subjects. The independent t-test was used to compare trail leg (TL) of baseball pitchers with propulsive leg (PL) of javelin throwers and stride leg (SL) of baseball pitchers with braking leg (BL) of javelin throwers. The results showed that there was no difference between the PL and BL in dynamic and static balance in javelin throwers. However, the dynamic balance in the TL was significantly better than the SL in baseball pitchers. The static balance in the PL in javelin throwers was also better than the TL in baseball pitchers. The research improves the understanding of balance control in elite athletes
EVALUATION OF RECEIVING ABILITY OF TEENAGE MALE TABLE TENNIS PLAYERS IN TAIWAN
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the forehand receiving ability of teenage male table tennis players. Thirty-nine male players consist of skill levels from junior to senior high school students and national squads were selected. This assessment involves three tests: basic control, judgment, and match-like condition simulation. We found under the basic control test, the junior high school players performed poorer in downspin and left-side downspin in the aspect of accuracy (
TECHNICAL FACTORS REQUIRED FOR PROPER BODY TRANSLATION IN THE DISCUS THROW
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to gain knowledge about technical requirement in male discus throwers, specific to their performance level, by comparing the parameters of body translation. The performances of 22 male discus throwers were analyzed. The subjects were divided into the following three groups based on the distance thrown: advanced, medium, and novice. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the relevant technical requirement for novice is a dynamic shifting of the center of gravity to the left during the first double support phase. Furthermore, pushing into the ground vigorously before push-off the left foot to drive the body toward the throwing direction during the flight phase would enable novice group to create greater momentum and achieve a higher performance level