E-Journal Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran / E-Jurnal Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran
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Analisis Faktor Risiko Oxygenation Index, Oxygen Saturation Index, dan Rasio Pao2/Fio2 sebagai Prediktor Mortalitas Pasien Pneumonia COVID-19 dengan ARDS di Ruang Perawatan Intensif Isolasi Khusus RSUD Dr Soetomo
Get PDFPada kasus berat, pneumonia COVID-19 terjadi perburukan secara cepat dan progresif yang menyebabkan ARDS. Pengukuran parameter oksigenasi seperti oxygenation index (OI) dan oxygen saturation index (OSI) pada beberapa penelitian menunjukkan superioritas dibanding dengan rasio PaO2/FiO2 dalam menilai status oksigenasi dan derajat keparahan ARDS. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan analisis faktor risiko OI, OSI, dan Rasio PaO2/FiO2 terhadap mortalitas pasien pneumonia COVID-19 dengan ARDS. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik observaional dengan desain cohort-prospective terhadap pasien dewasa pneumonia COVID-19 dengan ARDS berdasar atas kriteria Berlin. Data perhitungan OI, OSI, dan rasio PaO2/FiO2 diambil pada 30 menit pertama pascapemasangan ventilator mekanik. Analisis regresi logistik digunakan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko OI, OSI, dan rasio PaO2/FiO2 terhadap mortalitas 28 hari pasien pneumonia COVID-19 dengan ARDS. Hasil penelitian didapatkan pada 77 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan tidak termasuk eksklusi, hanya variabel OI yang terbukti signifikan sebagai prediktor independen mortalitas dengan nilai p 0,043, sementara OSI dan rasio PaO2/FiO2 tidak signifikan. Dari ketiga variabel, OI mempunyai AUC tertinggi, yakni 0,935 dibanding dengan variabel OSI dan rasio PaO2/FiO2. Simpulan, OI terbukti sebagai prediktor independen mortalitas pada pasien pneumonia COVID-19 dengan ARDS.Oxygen Index, Oxygenation Saturation Index, and Pao2/Fio2 Ratio as Predictors of Mortality in Pneumonia Covid-19 with ARDS Patients Treated in Intensive Isolated Care Unit In severe COVID-19 cases, worsening of pneumonia occurs rapidly and leads to ARDS. Oxygenation parameters such as oxygenation index (OI) and oxygen saturation index (OSI) has been shown to be superior when compared to the PaO2/FiO2 ratio in assessing the oxygenation status and ARDS severity in some studies. Currently, there are limited studies that explore the prognostic values of these parameters in pneumonia COVID-19 with ARDS. This study aimed to analyze the OI, OSI, and PaO2/FiO2 Ratio as predictors of mortality in pneumonia COVID-19 with ARDS in patients treated in the intensive isolated care room. This was an observational analytic study conducted at dr. Soetomo Hospital, Indonesia, on adult patients who met the criteria for pneumonia COVID-19 with ARDS based on Berlin criteria. Data on OI, OSI, and PaO2/FiO2 were collected based on the results of measurements 30 minutes post-intubation and mechanical ventilation in these patients. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the OI, OSI, and PaO2/FiO2 as risk factors for 28 days mortality of pneumonia COVID-19 patients with ARDS. In a total of 77 patients eligible for the analyses, it was observed that OI was independently associated with hospital mortality (p 0.043) while OSI and PaO2/FiO2 ratio were not statistically significant. From these three variables, the AUC for mortality prediction was the greatest for OI (AUC 0.935, p<0.05). In conclusion, OI is the only one that is proven to be the independent predictor mortality with the highest sensitivity and specificity compared to the OSI and PaO2/FiO2 ratio for patients with pneumonia covid-19 with ARDS.Pada kasus berat, pneumonia COVID-19 terjadi perburukan secara cepat dan progresif yang menyebabkan ARDS. Pengukuran parameter oksigenasi seperti oxygenation index (OI) dan oxygen saturation index (OSI) pada beberapa penelitian menunjukkan superioritas dibanding dengan rasio PaO2/FiO2 dalam menilai status oksigenasi dan derajat keparahan ARDS. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan analisis faktor risiko OI, OSI, dan Rasio PaO2/FiO2 terhadap mortalitas pasien pneumonia COVID-19 dengan ARDS. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik observaional dengan desain cohort-prospective terhadap pasien dewasa pneumonia COVID-19 dengan ARDS berdasar atas kriteria Berlin. Data perhitungan OI, OSI, dan rasio PaO2/FiO2 diambil pada 30 menit pertama pascapemasangan ventilator mekanik. Analisis regresi logistik digunakan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko OI, OSI, dan rasio PaO2/FiO2 terhadap mortalitas 28 hari pasien pneumonia COVID-19 dengan ARDS. Hasil penelitian didapatkan pada 77 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan tidak termasuk eksklusi, hanya variabel OI yang terbukti signifikan sebagai prediktor independen mortalitas dengan nilai p 0,043, sementara OSI dan rasio PaO2/FiO2 tidak signifikan. Dari ketiga variabel, OI mempunyai AUC tertinggi, yakni 0,935 dibanding dengan variabel OSI dan rasio PaO2/FiO2. Simpulan, OI terbukti sebagai prediktor independen mortalitas pada pasien pneumonia COVID-19 dengan ARDS
DNA Methylation from Bloodstain as a Forensic Age Estimation Method
Get PDFForensic identification is an effort to help law enforcement officers to reveal a person's identity. Personal identity is often a problem in criminal and civil cases as well as cases related to death without identity and mass disasters. Age estimation is very important in forensic identification. DNA methylation is a potential epigenetic modification for age estimation because the aging process of DNA resembles the developments regulated in processes that are tightly controlled by specific epigenetic modifications. In most cases of violent crime, bloodstains can be found at the crime scene. Bloodstain may come from victims, perpetrators of crime, or both. Bloodstain can be used to scientifically reveal the correlation between DNA methylation from bloodstain and the age of unknown person. This study aimed to determine the correlation betweeen DNA methylation from bloodstain and a person's age. The study was conducted at the Institute of Tropical Disease of Universitas Airlangga from July to October 2019 using the analytic observational approach on 10 samples consisting of 5 male and 5 female samples. It was discovered that the correlation coefficient between DNA methylation and age in male subjects was 0.888 with a significance value of 0.04 and 0.834 in female subjects with a significance value of 0.079. In conclusion, there is a significant correlation between percent methylation and age in male subjects. However, this correlation is not statistically significant in female subjects. Metilasi DNA pada Bercak Darah sebagai Metode Forensik untuk Perkiraan UmurIdentifikasi dalam bidang kedokteran forensik adalah upaya untuk membantu penegak hukum dalam menentukan identitas seseorang. Identitas personal sering menjadi masalah dalam kasus pidana, kasus perdata, kematian tanpa identitas, dan bencana massal. Estimasi umur sangat penting dalam identifikasi forensik. Metilasi DNA merupakan suatu modifikasi epigenetik yang potensial untuk memperkirakan umur. Hal ini dikarenakan, DNA pada individu yang mengalami penuaan menyerupai perkembangan yang diatur dalam proses yang dikontrol ketat oleh modifikasi epigenetik khusus. Pada kebanyakan kasus kriminal dengan tindak kekerasan, bercak darah dapat ditemukan pada tempat kejadian perkara. Bercak darah tersebut mungkin berasal dari korban, pelaku kejahatan, atau bahkan dari keduanya. Bercak darah dapat digunakan untuk membantu mengungkap peristiwa tersebut secara ilmiah Sejauh ini korelasi metilasi DNA dari bercak darah dengan umur seseorang belum banyak diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui korelasi metilasi DNA dari bercak darah dengan umur seseorang. Penelitian dilakukan di Institute of Tropical Disease Universitas Airlangga periode Juli sampai Oktober 2019. Metode penelitian yang digunakan observasional analitik yang dilakukan pada 10 sampel dengan rincian 5 sampel pria dan 5 sampel wanita. Hasil penelitian, korelasi metilasi DNA dengan umur pada subyek laki-laki didapatkan nilai r adalah 0.888 dengan nilai signifikansi 0.04 dan pada subyek perempuan didapatkan r adalah 0.834 dengan nilai signifikansi 0.079. Simpulan, ditemukan korelasi signifikan antara persen metilasi dengan umur pada laki-laki, sedangkan pada perempuan tidak terdapat korelasi yang signifikan secara statistik
Comparison of Carcinoembryonic Antigen Serum Levels in Colorectal Cancer Patients with Different Histopathological Grades
Get PDFHistopathological grading, which represents the degree of histopathological differentiation, is often used as one of the factors to determine the prognosis of colorectal cancer. However, this grading cannot comprehensively present the clinical features of the disease. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), as a tumor marker tested in the laboratory, is commonly used to determine the diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in CEA serum levels based on the cellular differentiation of colorectal cancer. This was a cross-sectional analytical study on medical records of colorectal cancer patients who were admitted to H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan, Indonesia from January 2016 to December 2018. As many as 52 medical records of colorectal cancer patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in this study. These patients were then divided into three groups based on the histopathological grade: well-differentiated, moderately differentiated, and poorly-differentiated. The Kruskal-Wallis test was then used to compare the CEA levels in these different histopathological grades. Results show that the CEA serum level was different in colorectal cancer patients with different histopathological grades (p=0.020). The CEA level was significantly higher in the poorly-differentiated group than the well-differentiated (p=0.044) and moderately differentiated (p=0.015) groups. Hence, the CEA level of colorectal cancer patients with poorly-differentiated grade is the highest when compared to other grades. Perbandingan Kadar Serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen Berdasar atas Derajat Histopatologi Pada Pasien Kanker Kolorektal Derajat diferensiasi dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu faktor prognosis pada kanker kolorektal. Namun, penilaian ini tidak dapat menyajikan gambaran klinis penyakit secara komprehensif. Penanda tumor carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) sebagai penanda tumor yang diuji di laboratorium, umumnya digunakan untuk menentukan diagnosis dan prognosis kanker kolorektal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan perbedaan kadar serum CEA berdasar atas diferensiasi sel kanker kolorektal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan desain bedah lintang dengan menggunakan data rekam medis pasien yang didiagnosis kanker kolorektal di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat H. Adam Malik, Medan periode Januari 2016 hingga Desember 2018. Sebanyak 52 catatan medis pasien kanker kolorektal yang memenuhi inklusi dan kriteria eksklusi dimasukkan dalam penelitian ini. Derajat diferensiasi dikelompokkan menjadi tiga: derajat baik, sedang, dan buruk. Uji Kruskal-Wallis digunakan untuk membandingkan kadar CEA berdasar atas derajat diferensiasi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kadar serum CEA berbeda pada pasien kanker kolorektal dengan nilai histopatologis yang berbeda (p=0,020). Tingkat CEA secara signifikan lebih tinggi pada kelompok berdiferensiasi buruk daripada kelompok berdiferensiasi baik (p=0,044) dan kelompok berdiferensiasi sedang (p=0,015). Oleh karena itu, tingkat CEA pasien kanker kolorektal dengan derajat diferensiasi buruk adalah yang tertinggi jika dibandingkan dengan tingkat lainnya
Bleeding Volume, Blood Pressure, and Consciousness Level in Association with the Mortality Rate among Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya
Get PDFBackground: Intracerebral hemorrhage is one of the deadliest acute conditions. The volume of bleeding and its location are factors that alter consciousness level, leading to death. This study aimed to explore the association between bleeding volume, blood pressure, and consciousness level with the mortality rate among patients with intracerebral hemorrhage, so proper treatment and diagnosis can be conducted efficiently.Methods: This was an observational retrospective study conducted from October 2018–July 2019. Bleeding volume, blood pressure, consciousness level, and mortality as the outcomes of the patients with intracerebral hemorrhage were evaluated. Consciousness level was determined by using the Glasgow Coma Scale score. Data were collected from the medical record of intracerebral hemorrhage patients of the Neurologic Department in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya in the period of 2016. The Chi-square analysis method was used to determine the correlation between variables.Results: In total, 51 medical records were retrieved, and the majority of the patients were in the 45–60 years old group (54.9%). The mortality during hospitalization was 17.6% with most of them (82.4%) had bleeding volume less than 30 cc. Interestingly, the bleeding volume correlated with the consciousness level (p=0.001) and the outcome of the patients (p=0.02). The blood pressure shows a correlation with the volume of bleeding (p=0.009).Conclusions: Bleeding volume and consciousness level as determined by the Glasgow Coma Scale score show significant correlations with the mortality rate in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.
Iron as Preoperative Antituberculosis Supplement Increases Interleukin-12 Level in Spinal Tuberculosis and Iron Deficiency Patients
Get PDFIron deficiency remains the most prevalent micronutrient deficiency worldwide. Iron deficiency in TB patients, causes a poor outcome, reccurency, and treatment failure. Iron supplements on TB patients with iron deficiency will activate macrophage-derived monocytes (MDM) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), with a positive feedback mechanism pushing interleukin-12 (IL-12). This study is a single-blind randomized control trial comparing the effectivity of preoperative iron supplementation in IL-12 level between two different groups in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, conducted from November 2018 until March 2019. Respondents are those having Spondylitis TB, with sTfR > 21,7 pg/mL and IL-12 21,7 pg/ml dan IL-12< 41 pg/mL. fase intensif OAT kategori 1sesuai dengan standar WHO. Kelompok eksperimen, 17responden diterapi 2 RHZE + tablet iron (III) hidroksi polimaltosa357 mg selama 2 bulan. Kelompok kontrol 17 responden diterapi 2RHZE. Peningkatan IL-12 pada kelompok eksperimen sebesar +364,53% lebih besar dari kelompok kontrol (p<0,05) dan; Penurunan kadar sTfR pada kelompok eksperimen sebesar –60,68% (p<0,05) lebih besar dari kontrol. Uji korelasi sTfR dan IL-12 dengan Pearson ; korelasi -0,763, menunjukkan korelasi kuat antara penurunan sTfR dan kenaikan nilai IL-12. Suplementasi Fe pada terapi preoperatif spondilitis TB dengan defisiensi Fe meningkatkan respon imun yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya IL-12
Gambaran Skor Apgar Pada Seksio Sesarea Dengan Anestesi Spinal dan Anestesi Umum di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Periode Januari – Juni 2019
Get PDFAngka kelahiran melalui tindakan seksio sesarea di Indonesia terus meningkat. Penggunaan anestesi saat dilakukan seksio sesarea dapat memengaruhi luaran bayi yang dilahirkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat gambaran skor Apgar pada tindakan seksio sesarea antara anestesi spinal dan anestesi umum di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode potong lintang deskriptif dengan menggunakan teknik total sampling. Data didapatkan dari rekam medis pasien yang menjalani tindakan seksio sesarea di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin pada periode 1 Januari 2019 hingga 30 Juni 2019. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 368 bayi dan 345 ibu dengan sebaran 248 (73,4%) ibu menggunakan anestesi spinal dan 90 (26,6%) menggunakan anestesi umum. Skor Apgar 5 menit bayi dengan anestesi spinal pada kategori 0–3 sebanyak 3 (1,1%), 4–7 sebanyak 18 (6,6%), dan 8–10 sebanyak 251 (92,3%). Skor Apgar 5 menit bayi dengan anestesi umum pada kategori 0–3 sebanyak 7 (7,3%), 4–7 sebanyak 14 (14,6%), dan 8–10 sebanyak 75 (78,1%). Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah persentase skor Apgar bayi yang lahir melalui seksio sesarea dengan ibu diberi anestesi spinal lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan anestesi umum. Overview of Apgar Score in Cesarean Section between Spinal Anaesthesia and General Anaesthesia at RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin inJanuary–June 2019The birth rate through the cesarean section in Indonesia continues to increase. The use of anaesthesia during cesarean section can affect the outcome of the newborns. The purpose of this study was to look at the description of Apgar’s score on the cesarean section between spinal anaesthesia and general anaesthesia at Dr. RSUP. Hasan Sadikin. The study was conducted with a cross-sectional descriptive method using a total sampling technique. Data were obtained from medical records of patients undergoing cesarean section at RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin in the period 1 January, 2019, to 30 June, 2019. The results showed 368 infants and 345 mothers with a distribution of 248 (73.4%) mothers using spinal anaesthesia and 90 (26.6%) using general anaesthesia. The 5-minute Apgar score of infants with spinal anaesthesia in the 0–3 category was 3 (1.1%), 4–7 was 18 (6.6%), and 8–10 was 251 (92.3%). Apgar scores for 5 minutes of infants with general anaesthesia in the 0–3 category were 7 (7.3%), 4–7 were 14 (14.6%), and 8–10 were 75 (78.1%). The conclusion of this study is the percentage of Apgar score of babies born through the cesarean section with mothers given spinal anaesthesia is higher compared with those given general anaesthesia.Angka kelahiran melalui tindakan seksio sesarea terus meningkat khususnya di Indonesia. Berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya menyebutkan bahwa penggunaan anestesi pada ibu dapat memengaruhi luaran bayi yang dilahirkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat gambaran skor Apgar pada tindakan seksio sesarea di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode potong lintang deskriptif dengan menggunakan teknik total sampling. Data didapatkan dari rekam medis pasien yang menjalani tindakan seksio sesarea di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin pada periode 1 Januari 2019 hingga 30 Juni 2019. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 368 bayi dan 345 ibu dengan sebaran 248 (73,4%) ibu menggunakan anestesi spinal dan 90 (26,6%) menggunakan anestesi umum. Skor Apgar 5 menit bayi dengan anestesi spinal pada kategori 0-3 sebanyak 3 (1,1%), 4-7 sebanyak 18 (6,6%), dan 8-10 sebanyak 251 (92,3%). Skor Apgar 5 menit bayi dengan anestesi umum pada kategori 0-3 sebanyak 7 (7,3%), 4-7 sebanyak 14 (14,6%), dan 8-10 sebanyak 75 (78,1%). Secara persentase Skor Apgar bayi dengan ibu diberi anestesi spinal lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan anestesi umum. Berdasarkan penelitian ini diketahui pasien dengan anestesi umum memiliki persentase lebih tinggi pada usia kehamilan prematur, preeklamsia, plasenta previa, dan bayi berat lahir rendah
Physical Factors in Age-Related Decline Physical Performance among the Older Adults in Bandung
No full textThe aging process is associated with increased body fat and decreased muscle mass and strength in older adults. This condition is frequently associated with loss of mobility and functions. This study aimed to explore the relationship between physical performance and handgrip strength, body composition, and anthropometry in community-dwelling older adults living in Bandung, West Java Province, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was performed from December 2015 to June 2016 on community-dwelling older adults above 60 years old who were the members of the West Java Branch of Lembaga Lansia Indonesia, Indonesia, with the ability to walk without an assistive device and to perform hand grip properly as an additional inclusion criterion. Subjects were excluded if they experienced severe cardiorespiratory or vascular abnormalities, used artificial implants, underwent hormone therapy, and had any disease that would affect the accuracy of the variable measurement. A total of 106 subjects (60-85 years old) participated in this study. A significant negative correlation between total body fat and physical performance and a positive correlation between handgrip strength to physical performance were observed among subjects. However, no correlation was found between the anthropometric measurement and physical performance. The total body fat percentage, muscle mass index, and handgrip strength correlate significantly to the physical performance in older adults and may be used as a good indicator to preserve physical function and quality of life in the elderly.Faktor-Faktor Fisik yang Memengaruhi Penurunan Performa Fisik Lanjut Usia di Lembaga Lansia Indonesia Cabang Jawa BaratProses penuaan sering dihubungkan dengan peningkatan lemak tubuh yang disertai dengan berkurangnya massa dan kekuatan otot pada lanjut usia. Kondisi ini sering berkaitan dengan hilangnya kemampuan mobilisasi dan fungsi lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat hubungan antara performa fisik dengan kekuatan genggam tangan, komposisi tubuh dan antropometri pada komunitas lanjut usia yang tinggal di Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Penelitian potong lintang dilakukan periode Desember 2015 sampai dengan Juni 2016 pada lanjut usia yang tinggal dalam komunitas dan merupakan anggota Lembaga Lansia Indonesia Cabang Jawa Barat, berusia lebih dari 60 tahun, serta mampu berjalan tanpa alat bantu dan dapat menggenggam tangan dengan baik. Partisipan dieksklusi bila menderita gangguan kardiorespirasi atau vaskuler yang berat, menggunakan implan artifisial, menjalani terapi hormonal dan mempunyai penyakit yang berpotensi mempengaruhi akurasi penilaian variabel. Dari total 106 partisipan dengan rentang usia 60–85 tahun, ditemukan korelasi negatif antara total lemak tubuh dengan performa fisik, dan korelasi positif antara kekuatan genggam tangan dengan performa fisik, akan tetapi tidak ditemukan hubungan antara komponen antropometri dengan performa fisik. Persentasi total lemak tubuh, indeks massa otot dan kekuatan tangan mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna dengan performa fisik pada lanjut usia dan dapat menjadi indikator yang baik dalam mempertahankan fungsi fisik dan kualitas hidup pada lanjut usia.The aging process is associated with increased body fat and decreased muscle mass and strength in older adults. This condition is frequently associated with loss of mobility and functions. This study aimed to explore the relationship between physical performance and handgrip strength, body composition, and anthropometry in community-dwelling older adults living in Bandung, West Java Province, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was performed from December 2015 to June 2016 on community-dwelling older adults above 60 years old who were the members of the West Java Branch of Lembaga Lansia Indonesia, Indonesia, with the ability to walk without an assistive device and to perform hand grip properly as an additional inclusion criterion. Subjects were excluded if they experienced severe cardiorespiratory or vascular abnormalities, used artificial implants, underwent hormone therapy, and had any disease that would affect the accuracy of the variable measurement. A total of 106 subjects (60-85 years old) participated in this study. A significant negative correlation between total body fat and physical performance and a positive correlation between handgrip strength to physical performance were observed among subjects. However, no correlation was found between the anthropometric measurement and physical performance. The total body fat percentage, muscle mass index, and handgrip strength correlate significantly to the physical performance in older adults and may be used as a good indicator to preserve physical function and quality of life in the elderly.Faktor-Faktor Fisik yang Memengaruhi Penurunan Performa Fisik Lanjut Usia di Lembaga Lansia Indonesia BandungProses penuaan sering dihubungkan dengan peningkatan lemak tubuh yang disertai dengan berkurangnya massa dan kekuatan otot pada lanjut usia. Kondisi ini sering berkaitan dengan hilangnya kemampuan mobilisasi dan fungsi lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat hubungan antara performa fisik dengan kekuatan genggam tangan, komposisi tubuh dan antropometri pada komunitas lanjut usia yang tinggal di Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Penelitian potong lintang dilakukan periode Desember 2015 sampai dengan Juni 2016 pada lanjut usia yang tinggal dalam komunitas dan merupakan anggota Lembaga Lansia Indonesia Cabang Jawa Barat, berusia lebih dari 60 tahun, serta mampu berjalan tanpa alat bantu dan dapat menggenggam tangan dengan baik. Partisipan dieksklusi bila menderita gangguan kardiorespirasi atau vaskuler yang berat, menggunakan implan artifisial, menjalani terapi hormonal dan mempunyai penyakit yang berpotensi mempengaruhi akurasi penilaian variabel. Dari total 106 partisipan dengan rentang usia 60–85 tahun, ditemukan korelasi negatif antara total lemak tubuh dengan performa fisik, dan korelasi positif antara kekuatan genggam tangan dengan performa fisik, akan tetapi tidak ditemukan hubungan antara komponen antropometri dengan performa fisik. Persentasi total lemak tubuh, indeks massa otot dan kekuatan tangan mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna dengan performa fisik pada lanjut usia dan dapat menjadi indikator yang baik dalam mempertahankan fungsi fisik dan kualitas hidup pada lanjut usia
Vitamin D Serum Level in Patients with Schizophrenia in West Java, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Vitamin D is an immune-regulator that influences the neuro-inflammation process in schizophrenia. The study aimed to explore the vitamin D serum level in schizophrenic patients at the outpatient clinic of the Provincial Mental Hospital, West Java, Indonesia.Methods: A quantitative descriptive study was conducted in November-December 2019 using secondary data of all-male schizophrenic patients at the Provincial Mental Hospital. Data collected were demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, and vitamin D Level. Scoring was then performed using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) to assess the positive and negative symptoms as well as the cognitive symptoms based on the serum vitamin D levels.Result: All male schizophrenic patients had a low serum vitamin D level (mean16.67±5.6ng/ml) with 64.52% of them had vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/ml). Interestingly, patients with vitamin D deficiency had a negative symptom (mean22.1±5.6ng/ml) whereas those with vitamin D insufficiency (20-29 ng/ml) had a positive symptom (mean 18.55±5.6ng/ml). Furthermore, patients with vitamin D deficiency had a lower impaired cognitive function value (mean 19.7±3.4ng/ml) compared to those with vitamin D insufficiency.Conclusions: A low vitamin D serum level in schizophrenic patients may play a role in the pathogenesis of this disorder. Further studies are needed to confirm this finding
Correlation between Anemia and Malaria Infection Severity in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Nigeria
Get PDFBackground: Malaria and diabetes mellitus are still a significant global public health problem despite the phenomenal progresses in clinical sciences related to the diseases. Both anemia and malaria parasitemia are common in developing countries. It is therefore important to diagnose and determine the correlation between anemia level and malaria infection severity in diabetic patients for better management. Methods: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) infected with malaria were recruited (n=50) as subjects and non-diabetic patients were used as control in this study, who were further divided into two sub-group: non-DM infected with malaria (n=25) and non-DM without malaria parasitemia (n=25). Blood sample were collected to examine the fasting blood sugar (FBS) level, packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin (Hb) level, and malaria parasitemia. Statistical analysis was then performed using ANOVA with a p value of less than or equal to 0.05 considered statistically significant.Results: The parasite density in DM with malaria was significantly lower (p<0.05) than in the non-DM with malaria. Interestingly, there was a higher PCV and hemoglobin level (p<0.05) in DM with malaria when compared with non-DM with malaria.Conclusion: DM patients infected with plasmodium have low parasite density but higher hemoglobin level and PCV compared to the control group. There is no correlation between the severity of anemia and malaria parasitemia in DM patients infected with malaria when compared to non-diabetic subjects infected with malaria. Further studies are needed to explore the correlation between hemoglobin level in DM and plasmodium infectio
Potential Vector Shelter for Malaria in South Central Timor Regency in Indonesia
Get PDFMore than half of the areas in East Nusa Tenggara province, a province in the eastern part of Indonesia, are planned to be free from malaria by the end of 2030. However, one of the critical indicators for malaria elimination is still lacking, i.e. vectors’ environment and breeding place indicators. South Central Timor (SCT) District is one of the areas with the highest Annual Parasite Incidence (API) >2‰ with the majority of the population works as farmers. The purpose of this study was to capture the relationship between environmental factors and the prevalence of malaria. This study was a cross-sectional analytic retrospective study using data from a previous malaria study conducted in August 2013 to September 2014 in 5 sub-districts of SCT district. All respondents were selected using the systematic random sampling approach from the population of healthy people. Data were collected using a standard questionnaire and an observation environment form. Malaria was confirmed through microscopic and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) examinations. Data were then analyzed using the bivariate and multivariate analysis with 95% CI and α:0.05. Of 357 data collected, 35% (125/357) were malaria positive based on PCR examination. Two variables (living nearby lagoon and nearby rice field) were significant (p-value<0.05) as vector shelters for Anopheles sp. Thus, these have to be included as inputs to formulate effective and efficient malaria elimination strategies and programs in 2030. Lokasi Potensial Perkembangbiakan Vektor Malaria di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan, IndonesiaLebih dari setengah Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur di Indonesia timur akan menghadapi bebas malaria pada akhir tahun 2030. Namun, salah satu indicator penting untuk eliminasi malaria adalah pengukuran lingkungan dan tempat berkembang biak vector masih kurang. Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan adalah daerah dengan salah satu Insidensi Parasit Tahunan tertinggi di Indonesia dan mayoritas penduduknya bekerja sebagai petani. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mencari hubungan antara faktor lingkungan dengan prevalensi malaria. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi potong lintang metode analitik, menggunakan data retrospektif dari penelitian sebelumnya yang dilakukan pada Agustus 2013 hingga September 2014 di 5 kecamatan di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan pada. Responden dipilih secara acak sistematik dari orang sehat. Pengumpulan data dengan kuesioner standar dan formulir observasi lingkungan. Konfirmasi malaria dengan menggunakan metode mikroskopis dan PCR. Data dianalisis dengan bivariat dan multivariate dengan 95% CI dan α: 0,05. Total 357 data dikumpulkan, 35% (125/357) positif malaria dengan pemeriksaan PCR. Dua variabel (dekat dengan laguna dan dekat dengan sawah) signifikan (nilai-p<0,05) sebagai tempat perlindungan vector untuk Anopheles sp. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi rinci untuk merumuskan strategi dan program eliminasi malaria pada tahun 2030 yang efektif dan efisien