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Effect of Agricultural Matrices on the Biodiversity Metrics of Bees (Hymenoptera: Anthophila): A Review
Full text linkAgriculture has been globally responsible for biodiversity decay. Since bees are key pollinators, their diversity reduction can affect biodiversity conservation and agricultural production. Although agricultural matrices have been reported as pervasive to bees, these effects are not always consistent and may vary according to evaluated parameters. To fill this gap, we conducted a global review of studies that compared bee abundance and/or species richness between agricultural and native habitats. In addition to describing the overall pattern observed in the studies (n = 32), we also conducted a meta-analysis with a subset of data (14 studies and 38 comparisons). We calculated the effect size from the standardized mean difference among agriculture-native habitats in the meta-analysis. We considered moderators that may influence this effect, including response type, flowering type, crop life cycle, and region. Based on the review, which mainly included studies conducted in the neotropical region, we identified that half of the studies (50%) concluded that agricultural matrices negatively affect biodiversity metrics of bees. In comparison, only five (15.6%) and eight studies (25%) observed a positive and neutral effect, respectively. Three studies (9.4%) observed a varied effect (positive or negative), depending on the type of response assessed (richness or abundance) or the management intensity (as such, cocoa agroforests with low or high diversity of native shade trees). Additionally, meta-analysis supports this finding by revealing an overall negative effect, especially for abundance. Negative effects were consistent for non-mass-flowering crops, perennial crops, and temperate regions. We thus recommend that agricultural landscapes across the globe should maintain native habitats to ensure high bee diversity and potentially contribute to the delivery of ecosystem services
Centridini Bees as Manageable Pollinators of West Indian Cherry (Malpighia emarginata, Malpighiaceae) Orchards in Southeast Brazil
Full text linkThe West Indian cherry (Malpighia emarginata), commonly referred to as “Acerola”, has attracted particular interest due to its high vitamin C content in the fruit. One of the limitations observed in Acerola crops is their dependence on cross-pollination, which is usually performed by Centris species. This study investigated the occupation of trap-nests in an Acerola orchard by bees of the genus Centris to identify species that could be indicated as providers of pollination services in these orchards. Centris analis and Centris tarsata, the species occupying the traps, displayed a seasonal pattern in their nesting activities, with the highest frequencies aligning with the peaks of the crop’s flowering. Both bees explored 48 plant species, with M. emarginata being the most important pollen source and floral oil, primarily for C. analis. The high preference observed in the diet of C. analis and the seasonal pattern in the nesting activity of C. tarsata indicate that both species are effective pollinators of M. emarginata crops
Ovary Activation in Virgin Queens of Plebeia lucii Moure (Hymenoptera: Meliponini)
Full text linkStingless bees (Meliponini) are commonly used in meliponiculture and pollination. In colonies of Plebeia lucii Moure (Hymenoptera: Meliponini), a single queen undergoes changes in hormone profiles, as well as physiological, behavioral, transcriptional, and morphological modifications, particularly after copulation. Among these changes, some bee species exhibit ovary activation in virgin queens before mating. However, few studies have described the reproductive system of virgin queens of Meliponini. The colony’s dynamics depend on the queen, making an understanding of its reproductive biology essential for effective management of this species. This study aimed to determine whether ovary activation occurs before mating in virgin queens of P. lucii. Three virgin queens of P. lucii were collected from royal chambers of different colonies, and their ovaries were analyzed using light microscopy. Each virgin queen possessed two ovaries, each composed of four meroistic polytrophic ovarioles containing a terminal filament, a germarium, and a vitellarium. Oocytes in early developmental stages, spherical in shape and with well-developed nurse cells, were observed in these ovarioles, along with nurse and oocytic chambers in the vitellarium. Additionally, vitellogenesis was observed in the vitellarium, characterized by the formation of elliptical oocytes, yolk accumulation, and the degeneration of adjacent nurse cells. These findings indicate that ovary activation occurs before mating in virgin queens of P. lucii
INVESTIGANDO O IMPACTO DA SUBJETIVIDADE NA DETECÇÃO DE ANOMALIAS DE CÓDIGO COM BASE EM ESTUDOS EXPERIMENTAIS
Full text linkO conceito de anomalias de código tem sido adotado por engenheiros de software, desde a década de 90, como uma forma de identificar problemas em projetos de software. O termo foi cunhado por Riel (1996)
ESTUDOS TAXONÔMICOS EM STACHYTARPHETA VAHL E FARMACOGNÓSTICOS EM LIPPIA L. ( VERBENACEAE) DO ESTADO DA BAHIA
Full text linkA família Verbenaceae J.St.-Hil. compreende 32 gêneros e 840 espécies (MARX et al. 2010). A família compreende ervas, arbustos, liana ou árvores. Possui folhas opostas ou verticiladas, raro alternas, simples. Inflorescência racemosa
Estudo comparado sobre a formação médica em países com Sistema Universal de Saúde orientados pela Atenção Primária a Saúde
Full text linkA declaração final da conferência de Alma-Ata foi o marco fundamental para o desenvolvimento de Sistemas Nacionais de Saúde em diversos países, inclusive o Brasil (OMS, 1978)
RELAÇÃO ENTRE OS NÍVEIS ´SERICOS DO HORMÔNIO ANTIMÜLLERIANO E FUNÇÃO GONADAL EM MULHERES COM DOENÇA FALCIFORME EM FEIRA DE SANTANA-BA
Full text linkDoença Falciforme (DF) é um termo que abrange anemias hemolíticas hereditárias, cujas etiologias estão vinculadas a alterações na cadeia beta da hemoglobina. Configura-se como um agravo de grande relevância em nosso estado e se apresenta com manifestações abrangentes como crises álgicas, síndrome torácica aguda, acidente vascular encefálico, comprometimento do crescimento, atraso puberal e infertilidade (BRASIL, 2008; FELIX; SOUZA; RIBEIRO, 2010; VIANA JÚNIOR; FELIX; CIPOLOTTI, 2010)
REVISÃO DA LITERATURA SOBRE O USO DO INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHIATRIC INTERVIEW (MINI) NA IDENTIFICAÇÃO DOS TRANSTORNOS DO HUMORNA EM ATENÇÃO BÁSICA
Full text linkRealizar a triagem para detecção precoce e tratamento de transtornos mentais na atenção primária pode melhorar a qualidade de vida, ajudar a conter os custos de saúde e reduzir complicações de saúde comportamental concomitante e comorbidades médicas (Castelo, M.S. et al, 2012; Mulvaney-Day, N. et al, 2015)
Aproveitamento da casca de jamelão (Syzygium cumini Lamarck) para produção de hambúrguer de soja (Glycine max (L.) Merr)
Full text linkO Jamelão é conhecido por uma grande variedade de nomes: jambolão, azeitona-do-nordeste, murta, entre outros. Seu nome científico é Syzygium cumini Lamark, uma planta pertencente à família Mirtaceae (Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes, 2017). O fruto do jambolão (Figura 01) se caracteriza por apresentar alta atividade antioxidante e polifenóis (VIZZOTTO; PEREIRA, 2008)
DIFERENCIAIS DE RAÇA/COR NOS HOMICÍDOS DE MULHERES NA BAHIA
Full text linkSeguindo a linha estabelecida pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS, 2002), a violência, especificamente aquela voltada às mulheres, se configura como todo e qualquer ato direcionado às mulheres cujas consequências resultem em lesão física (permanente ou temporária), sexual, psicológica ou morte