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Detection of intra-beat waves on ambulatory ECG using manifolds: an explainable deep learning approach
Get PDFThe development of wearable technologies for acquiring bioelectrical signals is expanding, increasing the demand for algorithms to analyze large clinical datasets. Accurate intra-beat waveform detection in ECG analysis is critical for assisting cardiologists in diagnosing cardiac diseases. We present a novel deep-learning detector capable of detecting specific intra-beat waves without the need for heartbeat identification, addressing a key limitation in current approaches. The model is trained to directly detect one of three key waveforms: P, QRS, or T. This approach is well-suited for applications such as identifying the T wave for repolarization alternans or ischemia. We employ a rigorous patient separation methodology and use a gold standard with expert manual labels from two public databases: QTDB and LUDB. The model utilizes a simple autoencoder (AE) architecture, offering interpretability insights by visualizing decision-making in a latent space. During the model design stage, the system achieves F1-scores of 0.93, 0.97, and 0.93 for P, QRS, and T wave identification. In real-world ambulatory environments, the in-line detector performs at 0.94, 0.98, and 0.96 for each wave. This work uses manifold learning for ECG intra-wave detection with simple, explainable models based on the applied machine learning principles. It outperforms state-of-the-art methods and provides valuable insights into the decision-making process, making it particularly well-suited for real-world applications, offering both accuracy and interpretability in ambulatory ECG analysis.Universidad de AlcaláAgencia Estatal de Investigació
Cirugía general y del aparato digestivo : pasado, presente y pautas para el futuro : tecnología, humanidad y resultados
Get PDFLa cirugía ha experimentado una evolución trascendental desde sus orígenes anatómico-técnicos en el Renacimiento hasta convertirse en una disciplina altamente tecnológica en la actualidad. El presente trabajo revisa esta evolución en tres etapas clave: el pasado, enfocado en la técnica quirúrgica y el protagonismo del cirujano; el presente, caracterizado por el uso intensivo de tecnologías como la laparoscopia, la robótica, la radiología intervencionista y los sistemas de monitorización avanzada; y el futuro que desde nuestro punto de vista debería abogar por una cirugía centrada en el paciente, apoyada en habilidades no técnicas, experiencia del paciente, auditoría de resultados y transparencia. Se analiza además la necesidad de actualizar los programas formativos de pregrado y postgrado en cirugía general y del aparato digestivo, e integrar herramientas como los PREMs, PROMs y el Comprehensive Complication Index. Esta visión integradora busca optimizar objetivamente no solo los resultados clínicos, sino también la calidad percibida y la equidad en el acceso a una atención quirúrgica segura y eficiente.Surgery has undergone a transformative evolution from its anatomical and technical foundations in the Renaissance to its status as a highly technology-driven discipline. This article reviews this progression across three pivotal stages: the past, characterized by a focus on surgical technique and the central role of the surgeon; the present, defined by the widespread adoption of advanced technologies such as laparoscopy, robotic-assisted surgery, interventional radiology, and advanced monitoring systems; and the future, which we argue should emphasize a patient-centered approach. This future paradigm should incorporate non-technical skills, patient experience, outcome auditing, and transparency as core elements of surgical practice. We further analyze the pressing need to reform both undergraduate and postgraduate curricula in general surgery. This includes the integration of evaluative tools such as Patient Reported Experience Measures (PREMs), Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs), and the Comprehensive Complication Index (CCI). By adopting this integrative vision, the goal is to objectively improve not only clinical outcomes but also perceived quality and equitable access to safe and effective surgical care
The role of digital transformation in shaping academic entrepreneurship
Get PDFThis study examines how digital transformation influences academic entrepreneurship in Middle Eastern universities by exploring the interconnections among digital infrastructure, digital skills, social networks, technology adoption, and regulatory frameworks. Academic entrepreneurship, which involves commercializing academic research and innovation, is critical to regional economic growth and knowledge-based development. However, the Middle East faces challenges such as an underdeveloped digital infrastructure, limited digital literacy among faculty, and insufficient institutional and policy support. Drawing on survey data from 700 academic staff across the region, this quantitative research applies Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to investigate how digital enablers impact entrepreneurial outcomes. Results demonstrate that digital infrastructure, advanced digital skills, and robust social networks significantly enhance technology adoption, which drives academic entrepreneurship. Moreover, a supportive regulatory environment positively moderates the relationship between technology adoption and entrepreneurial activity, amplifying the benefits of digital transformation. The findings underscore the importance of integrated digital strategies, regulatory reform, and institutional capacity building in promoting academic entrepreneurship. This research offers practical implications for policymakers, university administrators, and innovation stakeholders seeking to cultivate knowledge economies in the Middle East. It also contributes to the global discourse on digital transformation by highlighting contextspecific challenges and opportunities within developing regions. Recommendations include investing in shared digital infrastructure, fostering digital upskilling programs, and streamlining regulatory frameworks to encourage the commercialization of academic research. The study fills a critical gap in the literature and provides a foundation for future research on digital entrepreneurship in emerging markets
El eco del agua: centro de alto rendimiento entre murallas y naturaleza
No full textMáster Universitario en Arquitectura (M201
Unveiling the power of uncertainty: A journey into Bayesian Neural Networks for stellar dating
No full textThis work presents a hierarchical Bayesian architecture powered by neural networks to predict stellar properties?primarily stellar age?while rigorously handling uncertainties. By integrating observational and epistemic uncertainties into a unified probabilistic framework, the model produces predictive distributions that reflect the full range of possible outcomes. Focusing on the dating of main sequence stars via the Chemical Clocks method, the approach uses Bayesian neural networks to capture complex correlations among stellar parameters. The resulting predictions exhibit conservative uncertainty margins, with age estimates achieving a mean absolute error of less than 1 Ga on the test dataset
The posmodernism of Joaquín Sabina: a singer-songwriter and his lyrics
Get PDFEl objetivo de este artículo es explicar por qué pueden considerarse posmodernas las letras de Joaquín Sabina. Para ello, se contextualiza primero el poliédrico concepto de la posmodernidad, que surge en respuesta a la modernidad y que se caracteriza por el escepticismo, la fragmentación y la ruptura con los grandes relatos. A partir de esta base teórica, se examina la canción de autor como un objeto artístico posmoderno caracterizado por su hibridismo. Una vez expuestos estos asuntos, la parte nuclear del artículo analiza la posmodernidad en las letras de Sabina desde dos planos, el temático y el estilístico. En el primero de ellos, se explica cómo las letras de Sabina, alineadas con las actitudes vitales que caracterizaron a la España de los 80 y de la movida, reflejan una visión posmoderna de la vida, marcada por la despreocupación y el hedonismo. Frente a cualquier compromiso o acción histórica, sus canciones optan por una actitud lúdica, por la exaltación del placer y por la transgresión de las normas y los convencionalismos. Por otra parte, desde un punto de vista más formal y estilístico se destacan los recursos característicos de la posmodernidad en la escritura de Sabina, como la intertextualidad, la autoficción, la ironía, la metacanción, la mezcla de registros lingüísticos e incluso el uso de lo que hemos llamado imágenes posmodernas. Estas estrategias refuerzan la conexión de los textos con el público, pues promueven la participación del receptor en la interpretación de una obra posmodernamente abierta.The aim of this article is to explain why Joaquín Sabina’s lyrics can be considered postmodern. To this end, it first contextualizes the multifaceted concept of postmodernism, which emerges as a response to modernity and is characterized by scepticism, fragmentation, and a rupture with metanarratives. Based on this theoretical foundation, the study examines the singer-songwriter genre as a postmodern artistic object defined by its hybridity. Once these aspects have been addressed, the core section of the article analyses postmodernity in Sabina’s lyrics from two perspectives: thematic and stylistic. The thematic analysis explores how Sabina’s lyrics, aligned with the attitudes that characterized Spain in the 1980s and the Movida cultural movement, reflect a postmodern vision of life, marked by a sense of carefreeness and hedonism. Rather than engaging with historical commitments or activism, his songs embrace a playful stance, exalting pleasure and transgressing norms and conventional values. From a more formal and stylistic perspective, the article highlights key postmodern literary devices in Sabina’s writing, such as intertextuality, autofiction, irony, metasong, the mixture of linguistic registers, and even the use of what we have called “postmodern images”. These strategies reinforce the connection between the lyrics and the audience, as they encourage the recipient’s active participation in interpreting a work that is inherently open in its postmodern nature
Global impoverishment of natural vegetation revealed by dark diversity
Get PDF21 p.List of authors: Meelis Pärtel, Riin Tamme, Carlos P. Carmona, Kersti Riibak, Mari Moora, Jonathan A. Bennett, Alessandro Chiarucci, Milan Chytrý, Francesco de Bello, Ove Eriksson, Susan Harrison, Robert John Lewis, Angela T. Moles, Maarja Öpik, Jodi N. Price, Vistorina Amputu, Diana Askarizadeh, Zohreh Atashgahi, Isabelle Aubin, Francisco M. Azcárate, Matthew D. Barrett, Maral Bashirzadeh, Zoltán Bátori, Natalie Beenaerts, Kolja Bergholz, Kristine Birkeli, Idoia Biurrun, José M. Blanco-Moreno, Kathryn J. Bloodworth, Laura Boisvert-Marsh, Bazartseren Boldgiv, Pedro H. S. Brancalion, Francis Q. Brearley, Charlotte Brown, C. Guillermo Bueno, Gabriella Buffa, James F. Cahill, Juan A. Campos, Giacomo Cangelmi, Michele Carbognani, Christopher Carcaillet, Bruno E. L. Cerabolini, Richard Chevalier, Jan S. Clavel, José M. Costa, Sara A. O. Cousins, Jan Čuda, Mariana Dairel, Michele Dalle Fratte, Alena Danilova, John Davison, Balázs Deák, Silvia Del Vecchio, Iwona Dembicz, Jürgen Dengler, Jiri Dolezal, Xavier Domene, Miroslav Dvorsky, Hamid Ejtehadi, Lucas Enrico, Dmitrii Epikhin, Anu Eskelinen, Franz Essl, Gaohua Fan, Edy Fantinato, Fatih Fazlioglu, Eduardo Fernández-Pascual, Arianna Ferrara, Alessandra Fidelis, Markus Fischer, Maren Flagmeier, T’ai G. W. Forte, Lauchlan H. Fraser, Junichi Fujinuma, Fernando F. Furquim, Berle Garris, Heath W. Garris, Melisa A. Giorgis, Gianpietro Giusso del Galdo, Ana González-Robles, Megan K. Good, Moisès Guardiola, Riccardo Guarino, Irene Guerrero, Joannès Guillemot, Behlül Güler, Yinjie Guo, Stef Haesen, Martin Hejda, Ruben H. Heleno, Toke T. Høye, Richard Hrivnák, Yingxin Huang, John T. Hunter, Dmytro Iakushenko, Ricardo Ibáñez, Nele Ingerpuu, Severin D. H. Irl, Eva Janíková, Florian Jansen, Florian Jeltsch, Anke Jentsch, Borja Jiménez-Alfaro, Madli Jõks, Mohammad H. Jouri, Sahar Karami, Negin Katal, András Kelemen, Bulat I. Khairullin, Anzar A. Khuroo, Kimberly J. Komatsu, Marie Konečná, Ene Kook, Lotte Korell, Natalia Koroleva, Kirill A. Korznikov, Maria V. Kozhevnikova, Łukasz Kozub, Lauri Laanisto, Helena Lager, Vojtech Lanta, Romina G. Lasagno, Jonas J. Lembrechts, Liping Li, Aleš Lisner, Houjia Liu, Kun Liu, Xuhe Liu, Manuel Esteban Lucas-Borja, Kristin Ludewig, Katalin Lukács, Jona Luther-Mosebach, Petr Macek, Michela Marignani, Richard Michalet, Tamás Miglécz, Jesper Erenskjold Moeslund, Karlien Moeys, Daniel Montesinos, Eduardo Moreno-Jiménez, Ivan Moysiyenko, Ladislav Mucina, Miriam Muñoz-Rojas, Raytha A. Murillo, Sylvia M. Nambahu, Lena Neuenkamp Signe Normand, Arkadiusz Nowak, Paloma Nuche, Tatjana Oja, Vladimir G. Onipchenko, Kalina L. Pachedjieva, Bruno Paganeli, Begoña Peco, Ana M. L. Peralta, Aaron Pérez-Haase, Pablo L. Peri, Alessandro Petraglia, Gwendolyn Peyre, Pedro Antonio Plaza-Álvarez, Jan Plue, Honor C. Prentice, Vadim E. Prokhorov, Dajana Radujković, Soroor Rahmanian, Triin Reitalu, Michael Ristow, Agnès A. Robin, Ana Belén Robles, Daniel A. Rodríguez Ginart, Raúl Román, Ruben E. Roos, Leonardo Rosati, Jiří Sádlo, Karina Salimbayeva, Rut Sánchez de Dios, Khaliun Sanchir, Cornelia Sattler, John D. Scasta, Ute Schmiedel, Julian Schrader, Nick L. Schultz151, Giacomo Sellan152, Josep M. Serra-Diaz153, Giulia Silan37, Hana Skálová, Nadiia Skobel, Judit Sonkoly, Kateřina Štajerová, Ivana Svitková, Sebastian Świerszcz, Andrew J. Tanentzap, Fallon M. Tanentzap, Rubén Tarifa, Pablo Tejero, Dzhamal K. Tekeev, Michael Tholin, Ruben S. Thormodsæter, Yichen Tian, Alla Tokaryuk, Csaba Tölgyesi, Marcello Tomaselli, Enrico Tordoni, Péter Török, Béla Tóthmérész, Aurèle Toussaint, Blaise Touzard, Diego P. F. Trindade, James L. Tsakalos, Sevda Türkiş, Enrique Valencia, Mercedes Valerio, Orsolya Valkó, Koenraad Van Meerbeek, Vigdis Vandvik, Jesus Villellas, Risto Virtanen, Michaela Vítková, Martin Vojík, Andreas von Hessberg, Jonathan von Oppen, Viktoria Wagner, Ji-Zhong Wan, Chun-Jing Wang, Sajad A. Wani, Lina Weiss, Tricia Wevill, Sa Xiao, Oscar Zárate Martínez & Martin Zobel.Anthropogenic biodiversity decline threatens the functioning of ecosystems and the many benefits they provide to humanity1. As well as causing species losses in directly affected locations, human influence might also reduce biodiversity in relatively unmodified vegetation if far-reaching anthropogenic effects trigger local extinctions and hinder recolonization. Here we show that local plant diversity is globally negatively related to the level of anthropogenic activity in the surrounding region. Impoverishment of natural vegetation was evident only when we considered community completeness: the proportion of all suitable species in the region that are present at a site. To estimate community completeness, we compared the number of recorded species with the dark diversity?ecologically suitable species that are absent from a site but present in the surrounding region2. In the sampled regions with a minimal human footprint index, an average of 35% of suitable plant species were present locally, compared with less than 20% in highly affected regions. Besides having the potential to uncover overlooked threats to biodiversity, dark diversity also provides guidance for nature conservation. Species in the dark diversity remain regionally present, and their local populations might be restored through measures that improve connectivity between natural vegetation fragments and reduce threats to population persistence.Estonian Research Counci
A novel comparative evaluation of multiplex PCR panels for gastrointestinal pathogen detection: Seegene Allplex™ vs. Luminex NxTAG® in clinical stool samples
Get PDFPurpose: Accurate and rapid diagnosis of gastrointestinal infections is essential for effective patient management. This study compared the diagnostic performance of two multiplex PCR panels- the Seegene Allplex? Gastrointestinal Panels (Seegene, Seoul, Korea) and the Luminex NxTAG® Gastrointestinal Pathogen Panel (Luminex Corporation, Austin, Texas, a Diasorin Company)-in detecting gastrointestinal pathogens from clinical stool samples. Methods: A total of 196 stool samples, collected from patients at a Spanish hospital during 2023, were analyzed using both assays through prospective and retrospective approaches. The performance of each test was assessed based on Positive Percentage Agreement (PPA), Negative Percentage Agreement (NPA), and overall agreement. Discrepancies between methods were resolved with a third confirmatory technique when available. Results: Both assays demonstrated high overall concordance, with NPA values consistently above 95% and overall Kappa values exceeding 0.8 for most pathogens. The average PPA was greater than 89% for nearly all targets; however, lower agreement was observed for Cryptosporidium spp. (86.6%). Notably, discrepancies were primarily observed for certain pathogens, such as Salmonella spp. and Cryptosporidium spp., highlighting the diagnostic challenges associated with these targets. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study to compare the novel Luminex NxTAG® panels from Diasorin with the Seegene Allplex?. Both multiplex assays provide rapid and reliable detection of gastrointestinal pathogens, making them valuable tools in clinical diagnostics. Future research should focus on improving detection accuracy for challenging pathogens and expanding target panels to further enhance patient management and reduce disease burden
Constructing threat through proximization in digital news: a multimodal analysis
Get PDFThis paper explores the multimodal realization of social polarization in European digital news through the construction of threat. Drawing from both media and communication studies and cognitive critical discourse analysis, this study investigates how media framing and event-construal operations shape news interpretations through a proximization strategy. For this purpose, a multilingual sample of 73 European newsbites about the attack on Brazilian congress by the followers of former president Jair Bolsonaro was collected.
The analysis reveals several framing devices and construal operations that present the events in Brazil as relevant and potentially threatening to European audiences. Findings indicate that media framing encourages European readers to sympathize with Brazil’s current government under Lula da Silva, while portraying Bolsonaro’s supporters as an imminent threat, thereby reflecting and reinforcing polarization in public perception. These results offer valuable insights for media discourse analysts, cognitive linguists, and researchers examining polarized discourse.Agencia Estatal de Investigació
The breastfeeding battlefront: a qualitative analysis of testimonies from breastfeeding mothers in the Spanish Armed Forces
Get PDFIntroducción: En las Fuerzas Armadas, muchas circunstancias aumentan la complejidad de la lactancia en la vuelta al trabajo. Desafortunadamente, solo unas pocas investigaciones se centran en la duración, barreras y facilitadores de la lactancia materna en este ámbito y, hasta la fecha, ninguna se había llevado a cabo en las Fuerzas Armadas españolas. La presente investigación se centra en las experiencias de las madres militares lactantes en servicio en las Fuerzas Armadas españolas. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal, retrospectivo y cualitativo a través de entrevistas individuales como parte de un estudio más amplio sobre la maternidad en las Fuerzas Armadas españolas. Una vez transcritas, se analizaron desde la perspectiva interpretativa de la fenomenología hermenéutica. Resultados: Las Fuerzas Armadas españolas carecen de políticas, información y locales adecuados para apoyar la lactancia materna entre las mujeres militares. Muchas entrevistadas destacaron la importancia de la concienciación de sus superiores y compañeros respecto a la lactancia materna. Aunque la mayoría de las entrevistadas optaron por la lactancia materna exclusiva durante la baja por maternidad, muchas iniciaron la lactancia mixta con leche de fórmula suplementaria al reincorporarse al trabajo. Conclusiones: Sería deseable diseñar un plan de apoyo a las mujeres militares durante esta fase crucial de sus vidas, concienciando a sus filas sobre los innumerables beneficios de la lactancia materna. Además, también sería esencial establecer una red de salas de lactancia en la mayoría de las instalaciones militares.Background: In the Armed Forces, many circumstances enhance the complexity of backtowork breastfeeding. Unfortunately, only a few pieces of research focus on the duration, barriers and enablers of breastfeeding in the Armed Forces; to date, no one has been conducted in the Spanish Armed Forces. The present research focuses on those situations faced by breastfeeding military mothers within the Spanish Armed Forces. Material and Methods: A crosssectional, retrospective, qualitative study was conducted through individual interviews as a part of a broader study on motherhood in the Spanish Armed Forces. Once transcribed, they were analysed from the interpretative perspective of hermeneutic phenomenology. Results: The Spanish Armed Forces lack adequate policies, information and premises to support breastfeeding among servicewomen. Many interviewees stressed the importance of their superiors’ and colleagues’ awareness regarding breastfeeding. Even though most interviewees chose to breastfeed their babies exclusively during maternity leave, many started mixed feeding with supplementary formula when returning to work. Conclusions: It would be desirable to devise a plan to endorse servicewomen through this crucial phase of their lives, raising awareness among its ranks regarding the innumerable benefits of breastfeeding. In addition, establishing a network of breastfeeding rooms on most military premises would also be essential