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Head Selection Parsers and LSTM Labelers
No full textThis resource contains code, data and pre-trained models for various types of neural dependency parsers and LSTM labelers used in the papers:
Do et al. (2017). "What Do We Need to Know About an Unknown Word When Parsing German"
Do and Rehbein (2017). "Evaluating LSTM Models for Grammatical Function Labelling"
The parsers and labelers are inspired by the head-selection parser of Zhang et al., (2017). We extend the parser to use different input features, namely:
Word embeddings
POS tag embeddings
Constituent embeddings (e.g., characters or compound)
and their combinations.
Grammatical function labeling is formulated as a sequence labeling task. We introduce two new bidirectional LSTMs labelers with different orders of tree nodes (linear and BFS order) and another labeler based on top-down tree LSTMs.</p
Gesteinsgebundene Gase in den Salzlagerstätten des Werra-Fulda-Kalireviers: Relevanz für die Lagerstättensicherheit und Einblick in die Bildung von Klimagasen und ozonzerstörenden Verbindungen bei Intraplattenvulkanismus [Forschungsdaten]
No full textThe long mining history of the Werra-Fulda potash district is characterized by highly frequent gas-induced rocks burst during the extraction of potassium and magnesium salts. The gas was trapped by magmatic alterations of the Permian salt deposit during the Miocene Rhön volcanism. Large gas inclusions in the salt rocks pose a hazard to man and machinery during mining activities.
The investigation of the gas content of the magmatic and saline rocks of the Werra-Fulda potash district combines applied research on hazard prevention in active mining with fundamental research on gas formation by contact metamorphism of intra-plate volcanism. In this context, the Werra-Fulda potash district offers the rare opportunity of sampling magmatic rocks underground and at the surface. The aim was to obtain fundamental information on the mechanisms of gas formation, storage, and release.
The highest gas concentrations (up to 1.8 mg*g-1), which consist mainly of CO2, could be detected in magmatic rocks and magmatite-associated salt alterations. The trace gas distributions (CH4, CH3Cl, N2O) in magmatite-salt profiles provide evidence for petrological relationships with high gas contents. The stable carbon isotopic value of CO2 in extremely gas-enriched salt rocks (Knistersalze) allowed the development of a novel mathematical-analytical method for hazard prevention, by which the proportions of three CO2 sources in active mining can be determined in real time. The applicability of this method must first be tested extensively in active mining.
In this study, the four potent climate gases CO2, CH4, CH3Cl and N2O were detected in the magmatic rocks of the Werra-Fulda potash district. By comparing the gas content of the magmatic rocks of the surface with equivalent rocks from the subsurface mining area, it could be inferred that the gases were released from the magmatic melts when they reached the surface.
The stable carbon isotopic value of CO2 in rock samples with high gas accumulations showed a typical magmatic source signature. Additionally, the stable isotopic values in CH4 and the Bernard ratio (C1/C2+C3) indicate a thermogenic CH4 formation. Studies of organic material in the footwall area indicate contact metamorphic formation of CH4 during the intrusions.
Furthermore, with CH3Cl, a compound with high O3-depleting properties was detected which was supposedly at least partly responsible for the largest mass extinction in earth's history.
The formation of CH3Cl by the Siberian Trap volcanism during the Permian-Triassic boundary led to the destruction of the stratospheric O3 layer. The Conversion of hydrocarbons into CH3Cl could have occurred via the Hoechst process, by redox-sensitive minerals, or in the presence of highly activated surfaces during crystallization. Further information about the formation mechanism could be provided by future isotopic characterizations of CH3Cl.
In addition to CH3Cl, N2O as another strong O3-depleting compound was found in the context of intra-plate volcanism for the first time, which additionally has a high climatic impact. If the so far unrecognized N2O formation is indeed common in intraplate volcanism settings, the environmental effect of such volcanism might have been underestimated in the past.
Combining the detected gas concentrations of the four climate gases in the magmatic rocks with their GWP, the relative contributions to climate warming by Miocene volcanism of the Werra-Fulda potash district can be accounted for 60 % to CO2, 7 % to CH4,
The nitrogen source for the formation of N2O may be located within rocks in the footwall of the salt deposit. The formation mechanism(s) could not be identified within the scope of this work. However, in the magmatic rocks, nitrogen compounds could be detected in the oxidation states from -III to +V, which means that the formation of N2O may have occurred by both reduced and oxidized nitrogen compounds. Moreover, the isotopic fingerprint of the newly discovered N2O source was determined to be delta15NBulkN2O = 10.6 ± 5.3 ‰ (Air) and delta18ON2O = 47.6 ± 5.9 ‰ (VSMOW).
If the formation of N2O occurred throughout the CEVP, it could have contributed massively to the Miocene temperature maximum. The results also show that N2O could cause up to 70 times greater O3 destruction during intra-plate volcanism due to its higher enrichment compared to CH3Cl. If N2O was also formed during the Siberian Trap intrusions at the Permian-Triassic boundary, it could be responsible for the largest mass extinction in Earth's history
The Radical Anion and Dianion of Benzo[3,4]cyclobuta[1,2-b]phenazine [NMR data]
No full textThe data set includes the NMR data for the puplication: "The Radical Anion and Dianion of Benzo[3,4]cyclobuta[1,2-b]phenazine".
We present the reduction of two azaarenes, featuring a single cyclobutadiene unit, to their radical anions and dianions. The reduced species were prepared with potassium naphthalenide in the presence of 18-crown-6 in THF. The crystal structures of the reduced representatives were obtained and their optoelectronic properties were evaluated. The charge of these 4n-Hückel systems leads to dianionic 4n+2 π-electron systems with enhanced antiaromaticity according to NICS(1.7)ZZ calculations, which exhibit unusually red-shifted absorption spectra
Premium auctions and risk preferences: An experimental study [Dataset]
No full textIn premium auctions, the highest losing bidder receives a reward from the seller. This
paper studies the private value English premium auction (EPA) for different risk attitudes of bidders. We explicitly derive the symmetric equilibrium for bidders with CARA utilities and conduct an experimental study to test the theoretical predictions. In our experiment, subjects are sorted into risk-averse and risk-loving groups. We find that revenues in the EPA are significantly higher when bidders are risk loving rather than risk averse. These results are partly consistent with theory and confirm the general view that bidders’ risk preferences constitute an important factor that affects bidding behavior and consequently also the seller’s expected revenue. However, individual subjects rarely follow the equilibrium strategy and revenue in our experiment is lower than in the symmetric equilibrium
Gully detection with Inverse Morphological Reconstruction Algorithm [data]
No full textCharacterization of micro-terrain features has been explored to detect gully objects in the terrain. An adaptation to the morphological reconstruction operator is implemented to detect gullies instead of buildings or other man-made structures.
This operator can be configured to different gully depths and widths. The algorithm is based on successive geodesic dilations applied on a moving kernel. The geodesic dilation uses a mask (shifted copy of the original terrain) to generate a reconstructed surface,
which ultimately can be subtracted from the original terrain to produce off-terrain elements or gully zones. Thus, the algorithm uses as inputs the original DEM, and a predefined height (mask shift) and width (kernel size) in meters, to
customize the minimum detectable gully by the operator
Delayed Risk in Individual and Social Decisions [Dataset]
No full textThis paper studies temporal-distance effects on individual and social risks, testing Construal Level Theory. We elicit WTPs for risky and ambiguous lotteries and vary the timing (immediately vs. in two weeks) when the uncertainty is resolved. Subjects have lower WTPs for longshots than for safer lotteries. Under ambiguity, this gap decreases with temporal distance. Subjects are ambiguity averse, which becomes less pronounced when low probability lotteries are processed in the future. In a trust game, we study temporal-distance effects on social risks. Time distance lowers trust as trustors correctly anticipate that reciprocity is lower when trustees decide in the future
Ottoman Waqf Bibliography
No full textOsmanische Waqf-Bibliographie OWB
Die Osmanische Waqf-Bibliographie dient als Hilfsmittel für Forschende, die zum Thema waqf im Osmanischen Reich arbeiten, d. h. in Vorderasien, Nordafrika und Südosteuropa. Sie gibt eine Übersicht über die enorme Menge an Literatur dazu und berücksichtigt unterschiedliche Perspektiven in diesem multireligiösen und polyglotten Raum vom Späten Mittelalter bis ins 20. Jahrhundert. Die Fachliteratur betrifft sämtliche Regionen und Nachfolgestaaten des Osmani-schen Reichs, so dass neben Titeln auf Englisch, Französisch und Deutsch insbesondere Literatur auf Türkisch, Arabisch, Bulgarisch und Bosnisch/Kroatisch/Serbisch/Mazedonisch enthalten ist. Jeder Literatureintrag wird zudem mit einem Abstract auf Englisch oder Deutsch versehen. Nach diesem Muster aufgebaute bibliographische Angaben ggf. in weiteren Sprachen können an [email protected] gerichtet werden.
Die OWB wird nach Möglichkeit fortlaufend aktualisiert werden; abgesehen von einigen wich-tige ältere Werken stammen die aufgenommenen Titel jedoch aus der Zeit von 2000 bis 2023. Sie steht als RIS-Export und als Citavi-Archiv zur Verfügung.
Ottoman Waqf Bibliography OWB
The Ottoman Waqf Bibliography serves as a tool for researchers working on waqf in the Otto-man Empire, i.e. in the Middle East, North Africa and Southeast Europe. It provides an over-view of the enormous amount of recent specialised literature on the subject and considers differ-ent perspectives in this multi-religious and polyglot space from the Late Middle Ages to the 20th century. The bibliography taking into account scholarly contributions on all regions and from all successor states including titles in English, French and German, as well as in Turkish, Arabic, Bulgarian and Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian/Macedonian. Each entry also provides an abstract in English or German. Bibliographical information following this pattern in other languages can be addressed to [email protected].
The OWB will be updated on an ongoing basis. However, apart from several important older works, the bibliography includes titles from 2000 to 2023. It is available as a RIS export and as a Citavi archive.
La Bibliographie du waqf ottoman BWO
La Bibliographie du waqf ottoman sert d’outil aux chercheurs qui travaillent sur le thème du waqf dans l’Empire ottoman, c’est-à-dire au Proche-Orient, en Afrique du Nord et en Europe du Sud-Est. Elle donne un aperçu de la multitude d’ouvrages consacrés à ce sujet et prend en compte différentes perspectives dans cet espace plurireligieux et plurilingue, entre la fin du Moyen Âge et le XXe siècle. La littérature spécialisée concerne toutes les régions et tous les États successeurs de l’Empire ottoman, de sorte que, outre des titres en anglais, français et alle-mand, elle comprend également des ouvrages en turc, arabe, bulgare et bos-niaque/croate/serbe/macédonien. Chaque référence bibliographique est en outre accompagnée d’un résumé en anglais ou en allemand. Des indications bibliographiques construites selon ce modèle, éventuellement dans d’autres langues, peuvent être adressées à [email protected].
La BWO sera, dans la mesure du possible, mise à jour en continu, mais à l’exception de quelques ouvrages importants plus anciens, les titres inclus datent de la période 2000-2023. La BWO est disponible pour l’exportation en format RIS et comme archive Citavi.
Osmanlı Vakıfları Bibliyografyası OVB
Osmanlı Vakıfları Bibliyografyası, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu topraklarında, yani Yakın Doğu, Ku-zey Afrika ve Güneydoğu Avrupa'daki vakıflar üzerine çalışan araştırmacılar için bir kaynak görevi görmektedir. Konuyla ilgili geniş literatüre genel bir bakış sunmakta ve 1200'lerden 20. yüzyıla kadar bu çok dinli ve çok dilli alandaki farklı perspektifleri ele almaktadır. Osmanlı İm-paratorluğu'nun tüm bölgeleri ve halef devletleri hakkındaki bilimsel literatür dikkate alınırken İngilizce, Fransızca ve Almanca eserlerin yanı sıra Türkçe, Arapça, Bulgarca ve Boşnak-ça/Hırvatça/Sırpça/Makedonca literatür de çalışmaya özellikle dahil edilmiştir. Ayrıca her literatür girişine İngilizce veya Almanca bir özet eşlik etmektedir. Bu veya başka dillerdeki ciddi bilimsel katkılara yapılan bu düzene göre yapılandırılmış bibliyografik atıflar [email protected] adresine gönderilebi-lir.
OVB mümkün olduğunca düzenli olarak güncellenecektir; ancak, bazı önemli eski eserler dışın-da, dahil edilen başlıkların yayın aralığı 2000'den 2023'e kadardır. Bibliyografya verileri RIS Export ve Citavi arşivi olarak mevcuttur.
بيبليوغرافيا أوقاف العصر العثماني
بيبليوغرافيا أوقاف العصر العثماني هي بمثابة أداة للمؤرخين الباحثين في مجال الأوقاف في الدولة العثمانية أي في منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال أفريقيا وجنوب شرق أوروبا. وهي تقدم لمحة عامة عن الكم الهائل من الكتب والمقالات المتخصصة حول هذا الموضوع آخذة بعين الاعتبار وجهات نظر مختلفة في هذا الفضاء المتعدد الأديان والمتعدد اللغات من أواخر العصور الوسطى إلى القرن العشرين. والمؤلفات المتخصصة تتناول جميع المناطق وكافة الدول ذات التاريخ العثماني، وبالتالي تدرج البيبليوغرافيا عناوين باللغات الإنجليزية والفرنسية والألمانية ، إضافة إلى منشورات باللغات التركية والعربية والبلغارية والبوسنية-كرواتية-صربية-مقدونية، ويحتوي كل قيد من قيود البيبليوغرافيا ملخصا باللغة الإنجليزية أو الألمانية.
يمكن إرسال المعلومات البيبليوغرافية بغض النظر عن اللغة وفقا للنمط التالي إلى
[email protected]
سيتم تحديث البيبليوغرافيا على أساس مستمر حسب الإمكان. باستثناء عدد من المؤلفات القديمة المهمة ، فإن العناوين المدرجة نشر أغلبها ما بين عامي ٢٠٠٠ و ٢٠٢٣ . وهي متوفرة كتصدير (RIS) و(Citavi archive)
Aqueous seeded RAFT polymerization for the preparation of self-assemblies containing nucleobase analogues [data]
No full textSelf-assemblies containing the nucleobase analogue 2,6-diacylaminopyridine (DAP) have been successfully prepared for the first time by aqueous seeded RAFT polymerization in high concentrations. For this purpose, a diblock copolymer containing poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and DAP polymethacrylate blocks was used as a macro-chain-transfer agent (PEG124-b-PDAP9-CTA) for the polymerization of 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) in water. From the systematic variation of the degree of polymerization and solid concentration, a phase diagram has been generated that correlates both variables with the morphologies of this new system. Self-assemblies have been characterized by TEM and DLS, observing morphologies from low to high order (from spherical micelles to worms and to vesicles). Self-assembly morphologies are stable for almost a year, except in the case of worms that turn into spherical micelles after a few weeks. In addition, H-bonding supramolecular functionalization of the DAP repeating units during aqueous seeded RAFT polymerization has been examined by functionalization with a cross-linker with four thymine groups. Finally, the loading and the subsequent release of Nile Red have been proven in both supramolecular cross-linked and non-cross-linked self-assemblies
Characterization of different types of anxiety disorders according to level of personality functioning and self-reported adverse and positive childhood experiences in a sample of psychotherapy outpatients [Analysis]
No full textThis dataset contains the code for the analysis in R which was used to calculate the results for the study 'Characterization of different types of anxiety disorders according to level of personality functioning and self-reported adverse and positive childhood experiences in a sample of psychotherapy outpatients'
Do women shy away from risky skill games? [Replication package]
No full textA risky skill game is a game in which skill plays an important role but outcomes are also
strongly influenced by random factors. Examples are poker or blackjack but also many economic activities like trading on financial markets. In an online experiment we let subjects choose how often they want to play a risky skill game. We find that women play only half as many rounds in risky skill games with high variance. In contrast, there is no gender difference if the outcomes depend exclusively on chance or (mostly) on skill. Our results indicate that previous research on gender effects in risky environments (such as tournaments) may have greater applicability than previously thought