727 research outputs found
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Perceptual awareness of near-threshold tones scales gradually with auditory cortex activity and pupil dilation [Research Data]
No full textAbstract:
Negative-going responses in sensory cortex co-vary with perceptual awareness of
sensory stimuli. Given that this awareness negativity has also been observed for
undetected stimuli, some have challenged its role for perception. To address this
question, we combined magnetoencephalography, electroencephalography, and pupillometry
to study how sustained attention and response criterion affect the auditory awareness
negativity. Participants first detected distractor sounds and denied hearing
task-irrelevant near-threshold tones, which evoked neither awareness negativity nor
pupil dilation. These same tones evoked both responses when task-relevant, stronger
for hit but also present for miss trials. Participants then rated their perception on
a six-point scale to test whether response criterion explains the presence of these
responses for miss trials. Decreasing perception ratings were associated with
gradually reduced evoked responses, consistent with signal detection theory. These
results support the concept of an awareness negativity that is modulated by attention,
but does not require a non-linear threshold mechanism.
Dataset:
The data set includes single subject raw data (M/EEG and eyetracking) and source estimates (combined M/EEG), as well as group averages for both M/EEG and the pupil dilation response. Analysis scripts are also included. Further details are provided in the readme file
Impact of Connectivity on the Electronic Structure of N-Heterotriangulenes [data]
No full textUnderlying data for figures in the paper "Impact of Connectivity on the Electronic Structure of N-Heterotriangulenes
Adsorption Structures Affecting the Electronic Properties and Photoinduced Charge Transfer at Perylene-Based Molecular Interfaces [Data]
No full textUnderlying data for figures in the paper "Adsorption Structures Affecting the Electronic Properties and Photoinduced Charge Transfer at Perylene-Based Molecular Interfaces
Politische Maßnahmen zur Förderung einer nachhaltigen Landwirtschaft und deren Wahrnehmung durch ihre Zielgruppe
No full textThis dataset presents a selected information from the larger AgroBioDiv dataset produced for the purpose of publication
Chiral Bay-Alkynylated Tetraazaperylenes: Photophysics and Chiroptical Properties
No full textFully bay-alkynylated octaazaperopyrene dioxide (OAPPDO) derivatives were accessible through Stille cross coupling reaction of the corresponding bay-chlorinated derivatives. This steric congestion of the bay area led to helically chiral fluorophores, and chiral resolution of two derivatives allowed the investigation of their chiroptical properties as well as their kinetics of enantiomerization and the related thermodynamic parameters depending on the size of the terminal alkynyl substituent. An increase of the latter resulted in stable OAPPDO atropisomers at room temperature. The dynamics of the photoexcited states of two of the OAPPDO derivatives were investigated by transient absorption (TA) and time-resolved photoluminescence (tr-PL) spectroscopy
Halogenated Phenazinothiadiazoles: Electron Transporting Materials [data]
No full textTriisopropylsilyl-(TIPS)-alkynylated phenazinothiadiazoles were prepared by the condensation of halogenated ortho-quinones and TIPS-alkynylated 5,6-diamino-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole with different combinations of halogen substituents. The compounds pack in brickwall motif of head-to-head dimers featuring intermolecular S-N contacts and short π-π distances, suggesting their suitability as n-channel materials in organic thin film transistors. The halogenated phenazinothiadiazoles show electron mobilities μmax ranging between 0.14 cm2V-1 s-1 and 0.76 cm2 V-1 s-1
Ratiometric fluorescent sensing of pyrophosphate with sp³-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes [data]
No full textUnderlying data for all figures in the paper "Ratiometric fluorescent sensing of pyrophosphate with sp³-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes. Nat. Commun. 2024, 15, 706
Breaking Strong Alkynyl-Phenyl Bonds: Poly(para-phenylene ethynylene)s under Mechanical Stress [data]
No full textStronger chemical bonds withstand higher mechanical forces, and thus, rupture of single bonds is preferred over the rupture of double or triple bonds or aromatic rings. We investigated bond scission in poly(dialkyl-p-phenyleneethynylene)s (PPEs), a fully conjugated polymer. In a scale-bridging approach using electron-paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography of cryo-milled samples, in combination with density-functional theory calculations and coarse-grained simulations, we conclude that mechanical force cleaves the sp-sp2 bond of PPEs (bond dissociation energy as high as 600 kJ mol-1). Bond scission primarily occurs in shear bands with locally increased shear stresses. The scission occurs in the middle of the PPE chains. Breaking sp-sp2 bonds into free radicals thus is feasible but requires significant mechanical force and efficient stress concentration
Burnout among midwives and attitudes toward midwifery: a cross-sectional study from Baden-Württemberg, Germany [Research Data]
No full textIntroduction: Midwifery services are a cornerstone of maternal care, but the mental health of midwives is at risk in many work settings. The aim of this study was to assess burnout and attitudes toward midwifery among midwives in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
Methods: A cross-sectional online survey among midwives was conducted from 16 October to 10 December 2017. Burnout was assessed using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI).
Results: A total of 602 survey respondents were studied; 48.3%, 38.2%, and 23.3% of midwives reported moderate or high (CBI score ≥50) levels of personal burnout, work-related burnout, and client-related burnout, respectively. Midwives with moderate or high burnout in at least one CBI dimension worked more weekly hours, were more commonly employed, and worked more frequently in the hospital. In turn, midwives with low burnout levels worked fewer weekly hours, more commonly freelance, and more frequently community based (all p<0.001). Moderate or high burnout levels were associated with a reduced likelihood to recommend midwifery as a profession (OR=0.34; 95% CI: 0.23–0.49) and an increased likelihood to intent leaving the profession (OR=3.39; 95% CI: 2.0–5.9) in a multivariable regression adjusting for midwife characteristics and work practices.
Conclusions: Burnout symptoms were common among midwives. Burnout could be a health risk for midwives and a challenge to the profession by discouraging present and future midwives from practicing midwifery
Ergänzungsmaterial zu: Rivers run and people may meander. Water body-oriented land use decisions in the Neuwied Basin during the Late Upper Palaeolithic and Late Palaeolithic
No full textRivers are often seen to have played an important role for Palaeolithic hunter-gatherers as landmarks and resource location. While the former view regards rivers as passive guidelines or obstacles, the latter reduces them to their economic value. Both views, therefore, look at generic properties, equally valid for all streams and their sections and partly overlook the interaction between humans and specific rivers within the landscape. In this article, we contribute to the discussion by looking explicitly at an historically contingent and specific case of interaction between humans and a particular section of an individual river, i.e., the Rhine in the Neuwied Basin. Using an agent-based model, we aim at identifying differences in water-oriented land use decisions between the Late Upper and Late Palaeolithic occupations of the region. We observe a clear shift from a dominant focal role of the Rhine during the former to a less important spatial entity during the latter period and conclude that these differences are as much an expression of a changed perception of the Rhine as they are a result of environmental change and the transition from a pioneering to a stationary settlement phase and that indeed both aspects are inextricably intertwined