727 research outputs found
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The Psychological Impact of Torture and State Repression in Türkiye between 2015 and 2018: Reports from Turkish Refugees Seeking Asylum in Germany [Data]
No full textTorture seeks to undermine not only the physical and emotional well-being of an individual, but to damage the coherence of entire communities. Thus, torture and state repression are used to weaken entire subpopulations. After the failed coup d'état in Türkiye in 2016 and during the subsequently following state of emergency that lasted until 2018, allegations of torture and other degrading treatment in Türkiye spread widely. Since then, the number of asylum-seekers in Germany has risen considerably.
This paper analyses the reports of twenty Turkish citizens that fled to Germany to seek asylum in the aftermath of the events. In semi-structured interviews held in Turkish, we assessed the experiences of torture and state repression, psychological consequences, and the current well-being and living situation.
All interviewees described illicit violence of state authorities and government supporters, especially while under arrest. Though the methods varied, there was a constant pattern of imbalance of power. The psychological impact of these methods were present after relocation to Germany and included signs of PTSD, anxiety disorders, and major depression.
The reports of torture, state repression, and their psychological impact emphasise the importance for policy makers to address the prevention of human rights violations and support the needs of survivors
Establishment of organotypic epithelial raft cultures as a model of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and quantification of treatment effects through machine learning-based cell counting [data]
No full textThis dataset contains the raw data and code used for analyses in the doctoral dissertation "Establishment of organotypic epithelial raft cultures as a model of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and quantification of treatment effects through machine learning-based cell counting".
The data is comprised of annotations and cell detections in HE-stained sections from 3D organotypic raft cultures, as well as generated statistics and plots that are depicted in the results section of the corresponding doctoral dissertation.
For instructions on how to navigate the dataset, run code and reproduce the results, please refer to the README file.
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Digital Light 3D Printing of Double Thermoplastics with Customizable Mechanical Properties and Versatile Reprocessability [data]
No full textDigital light processing (DLP) is a 3D printing technology offering high resolution and speed. Printable materials are usually based on multifunctional monomers, resulting in the formation of thermosets that cannot be reprocessed or recycled. Some efforts have been made in DLP 3D printing of thermoplastic materials. However, these materials exhibit limited and poor mechanical properties. Here, we present a new strategy for DLP 3D printing of thermoplastics using two polymers with contrasting mechanical properties, where stiff and flexible linear polymers are sequentially constructed. The inks consist of two vinyl monomers, which lead to the stiff linear polymer, and α-lipoic acid to form the flexible linear polymer via thermal ring-opening polymerization in a second step. By varying the ratio of stiff and flexible polymers, the mechanical properties can be tuned with Young's modulus ranging from 1.1 GPa to 0.7 MPa, while the strain at break increased from 4% to 574%. Furthermore, these 3D-printed thermoplastics allow for a variety of reprocessability pathways including self-healing, solvent casting, reprinting, and closed-loop recycling of the flexible polymer, contributing to the development of a sustainable materials economy. Last, we demonstrate the potential of the new material in applications ranging from soft robotics to electronics
The contribution of drug import to the cost of tuberculosis treatment: a cost analysis of longer, shorter and short drug regimens for Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan [Research Data]
No full textTuberculosis (TB) programs depend on a continuous supply of large amounts of high-quality TB drugs. When TB programs procure TB drugs from international suppliers, such as the Global Drug Facility, they can incur import costs for international transport, customs clearance, and national transport. We assessed the drug costs and import costs of 18 longer (≥18 months), 10 shorter (9–12 months), and 8 short (≤6 months) drug regimens for drug-sensitive (DS) and multidrug-resistant (MDR)-TB treatment. Costs per regimen were estimated by multiplying recommended drug amounts with 2021 Global Drug Facility prices and drug import costs of a TB program in Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan. The standard short-course treatment of DS-TB requires taking 730 fixed-dose combination tablets, which weigh 0.79 kg and cause an import cost of 43). A new 4-month DS-TB regimen requires taking 1358 tablets, which weigh 1.1 kg and cause an import cost of 233). MDR-TB regimens that last between 24 weeks and 20 months involve 546–9368 tablets and injections. The drugs for these MDR-TB regimens were estimated to weigh 0.42–96 kg and cause an import cost of 360–15,028). In a multivariable regression analysis, an additional treatment month increased the import cost of a drug regimen by 133 (95% CI: 47 to 219). The variable and potentially sizable import costs of TB regimens can affect the financial needs of TB programs. Drug regimens that are shorter and all-oral tend to reduce import costs compared to longer regimens and regimens including an injectable drug
Thermally-induced neuronal plasticity that mediates heat tolerance [data]
No full textHeat acclimation is an adaptive process that improves physiological performance and supports survival in the face of increasing environmental temperatures. Understanding the underlying mechanisms holds potential to mitigate health risks and reduce the steadily increasing number of heat-related casualties associated with global warming. Here we report the identification of a discrete group of hypothalamic preoptic neurons that transform to rheostatically increase their activity over the course of heat acclimation, a property required for mice to become heat tolerant.
Peripheral thermo-afferent pathways via the Parabrachial Nucleus activate preoptic neurons and mediate acute heat-defense mechanisms in non-acclimated animals. However, long-term heat exposure promotes the preoptic neurons to gain intrinsically warm-sensitive activity, independent of thermo-afferent parabrachial input. Our data shows that their newly gained cell-autonomous warm-sensitivity is required to recruit peripheral heat tolerance mechanisms in acclimated animals.
Mechanistically, we find a combination of increased sodium leak current and enhanced utilization of the Nav1.3 ion channel to drive their pacemaker-like, warm-sensitive activity. We propose a salient neuronal plasticity mechanism, adaptively driving acclimation to promote heat tolerance
Minimal-Invasive 3D Laser Printing of Microimplants in Organismo [data]
No full textMulti-photon 3D laser printing has gathered much attention in recent years as a means of manufacturing biocompatible scaffolds that can modify and guide cellular behavior in vitro. However, in vivo tissue engineering efforts have been limited so far to the implantation of beforehand 3D printed biocompatible scaffolds and in vivo bioprinting of tissue constructs from bioinks containing cells, biomolecules, and printable hydrogel formulations. Thus, a comprehensive 3D laser printing platform for in vivo and in situ manufacturing of microimplants raised from synthetic polymer-based inks is currently missing.
Here we present a platform for minimal-invasive manufacturing of microimplants directly in the organism by one-photon photopolymerization and multi-photon 3D laser printing. Employing a commercially available elastomeric ink giving rise to biocompatible synthetic polymer-based microimplants, we demonstrate first applicational examples of biological responses to in situ printed microimplants in the teleost fish Oryzias latipes and in embryos of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. This provides a framework for future studies addressing the suitability of inks for in vivo 3D manufacturing. Our platform bears great potential for the direct engineering of the intricate microarchitectures in a variety of tissues in model organisms and beyond
Continental subduction controls regional magma heterogeneity and distribution of porphyry deposits in post-collisional settings [Research Data]
No full textThis dataset contains whole-rock geochemical and mineral chemical data for ultrapotassic volcanic rocks of the Efogi Volcanic Field, Papua New Guinea.
Abstract:
Continental subduction is the major cause of regional heterogeneities in the lithospheric mantle and contrasting types of magmatism and mineralization in post-collisional settings. We illustrate the relation between the nature of the subducted crust and the character of magmatism for the Late Miocene New Guinea orogen, that formed by the collision of the Australian continental margin with an island arc. The bipartite nature of the subducted Australian plate margin, with Precambrian crust in the west and Phanerozoic accreted arcs in the east, is reflected in the contrasting magmatism along the suture of the orogen. The chemical signature of the subducted crust is particularly prominent in small-volume Late Miocene–Quaternary ultrapotassic rocks. In the west, ultrapotassic lavas have low εNd values (–12.6 to –20.9), indicating the recycling of ancient continental material. Conversely, high εNd values of +3.5 to +4.5 are found in ultrapotassic lavas from eastern New Guinea. This suggests recycling of juvenile continental material, similar to the orthogneisses of the Late Miocene D'Entrecasteaux ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic complex exposed further to the east. By comparison with ultrapotassic rocks from other orogenic belts, we show that crustal recycling is responsible for regionally contrasting redox conditions in the lithospheric mantle, which may explain why porphyry-type deposits are important in some regions but absent in others
IKAT-EN
No full textA corpus consisting of high-quality human annotations of missing and implied information in argumentative texts (English version). The data is further annotated with semantic clause types and commonsense knowledge relations
An Engineered β-Hairpin Peptide Forming Thermostable Complexes with ZnII, NiII, and CuII through a His3 Site [Research Data]
No full textThe three-dimensional structure of a peptide, which determines its function, can denature at elevated temperatures, in the presence of chaotropic reagents, or in organic solvents. These factors limit the applicability of peptides. Herein, we present an engineered β-hairpin peptide containing a His3 site that forms complexes with ZnII, NiII, and CuII. Circular dichroism spectroscopy shows that the peptide−metal complexes exhibit melting temperatures up to 80 °C and remain folded in 6 M guanidine hydrochloride as well as in organic solvents. Intrinsic fluorescence titration experiments were used to determine the dissociation constants of metal binding in the nano- to sub-nanomolar range. The coordination geometry of the peptide−CuII complex was studied by EPR spectroscopy, and a distorted square planar coordination geometry with weak interactions to axial ligands was revealed. Due to their impressive stability, the presented peptide−metal complexes open up interesting fields of application, such as the development of a new class of peptide−metal catalysts for stereoselective organic synthesis or the directed design of extremophilic β-sheet peptides
Electronic Properties of Tetraazaperopyrene Derivatives on Au(111): Energy-Level Alignment and Interfacial Band Formation [research data]
No full textN-heteropolycyclic aromatic compounds are promising organic electron-transporting semiconductors for applications in field-effect transistors. Here, we investigated the electronic properties of 1,3,8,10-tetraazaperopyrene derivatives adsorbed on Au(111) using a complementary experimental approach, namely, scanning tunneling spectroscopy and two-photon photoemission combined with state-of-the-art density functional theory. We find signatures of weak physisorption of the molecular layers, such as the absence of charge transfer, a nearly unperturbed surface state, and an intact herringbone reconstruction underneath the molecular layer. Interestingly, molecular states in the energy region of the sp- and d-bands of the Au(111) substrate exhibit hole-like dispersive character. We ascribe this band character to hybridization with the delocalized states of the substrate. We suggest that such bands, which leave the molecular frontier orbitals largely unperturbed, are a promising lead for the design of organic–metal interfaces with a low charge injection barrier