E-Journal USD (Universitas Sanata Dharma Yogyakarta)
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Representation of Women in Jo March's Character in the Novel Little Women: A Feminist Study
Full text linkLouisa May Alcott's Little Women is an American novel that describes the lives of women in the 19th century, when many social inequalities between men and women existed. Starting from these problems, the purpose of this research is to analyze the feminist values represented by the character Jo March. It examines the forms of social injustice and discrimination against women depicted in the novel as a reflection of women's real-world issues. It also explores and unveils the forms of resistance by the female characters. The primary data source is the novel Little Women by Louisa May Alcott, which is analyzed using Beauvoir's existentialist feminism approach and qualitative descriptive method. The results of the research show the existence of gender injustice, which limits women’s space through gender stereotypes, subordination of women, and objectification of women. The forms of resistance that demonstrate women's existence include fighting subordination, working to achieve financial independence, and becoming influential figures in society
Interreligious Fraternal Relations in The Archdiocese of Semarang: Responses from Adherents of Other Religions
No full textThe practice of interreligious fraternal relations (IFR) within the Archdiocese of Semarang (AoS) is not isolated. Other religions perceive, experience, and articulate their responses. They commend, lament, and criticize. This study presents the findings of the analysis of various religions' responses to the practice of IFR in the AoS. Their replies communicate varied reflective messages, which are significant and beneficial for altering IFR. Research on this matter appears to be currently unavailable. This qualitative study examines the phenomena of IFRs through the lens of Pierre Bourdieu's social theory of "habitus-modal-arena," Michel Foucault's concept of "power struggle," and the notion of "pastoral conversion" from Evangelii Gaudium. Data were acquired via interviews and observations. Employing Foucault's theory and the concept of pastoral conversion, this study reveals that the presently regarded stable hierarchical structure occasionally fails to effectively harness its power potential to prepare the Catholic laity in these relationships adequately. The AoS has not yet developed a robust habitus or cognitive framework for an IFR. This is evident in the insufficient understanding of Catholicism (capital), adversely affecting the expansion of mission spaces (arenas) established for IFRs
IMPROVING E-LEARNING ENVIRONMENT IN TEACHING INDONESIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Full text linkThis article explored e-learning environment in teaching Indonesian as a foreign language (TIFL) context. This study utilised a mixed method for data collection, including interviews and observations. There were six teachers, one IT staff member, and three curriculum developers involved in the interview. Observations were conducted with the teachers to identify their instructional activities and how they used artefacts in the e-learning environment. In this study, the use of Learning Environment, Learning Process, and Learning Outcomes (LEPO) Framework is described to evaluate the quality of the e-learning environment in TILF. The results of this study indicate that e-learning programs in TIFL must be designed with an emphasis on the intercorrelation of the dimensions that build e-learning so that the learning process takes place effectively and meaningfully. One of the important factors is how to create an effective e-learning environment. E-learning environment provides contexts in which the learners work with technology, e-learning artefact, the internet, and virtual communication to improve their language skills. In such contexts, the e-learning environment also presents challenges for both learners and teachers to use information technology effectively to maintain their learning process. The institution needs to re-engineer the e-learning artefact, mainly tools and learning objects, optimally to create a sense of presence in the e-learning. In addition, curriculum developers need to redesign the concepts of e-learning environment with integrated pedagogical and technological domains/dimensions, interface design, as well as evaluation in the e-learning programs
Optimization and Physical Characterization of Kojic Acid Nanoemulsion Formula As A Whitening Agent
No full textKojic acid (KA) as a topical formulation prevents hyperpigmentation through the inhibition of tyrosinase activity. However, KA has higher solubility in nonpolar solvents. Nanoparticle technology can be a novel innovation to enhance KA absorption into the skin. This study aims to improve the delivery of topically applied KA by enhancing absorption into the stratum corneum by optimizing the concentration of surfactant Tween 80 and co-surfactant Span 80. The nanoemulsion uses KA as an active ingredient and virgin coconut oil as the oil phase. The optimum area was analyzed using Design-Expert® 13 software, with a pure experimental design based on a 2x2 factorial design. The results indicate that all formulas are within the optimal region. Therefore, the determination of the optimal point can be grounded on the smallest composition within the optimal region with the objective of maximizing material efficiency, which is a formula with a concentration of Tween 80 and Span 80 of 10 grams and 3 grams, respectively. The particles are a spherical smooth shape and demonstrate an efficacy of 94.117% in inhibiting tyrosinase activity
Enhancing Knowledge and Attitude Through mHealth App-Assisted Patient Education Among Elderly Patients with Uncontrolled Hypertension
Full text linkHypertension remains a critical health challenge worldwide, with uncontrolled hypertension being a significant contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Elderly patients often face difficulties in hypertension management due to limited knowledge, adherence barriers, and lack of education. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of an mHealth-assisted patient education intervention on knowledge and attitude among elderly patients with uncontrolled hypertension. A pre-experimental one-group pre-test and post-test design was conducted among 39 patients aged 46–55 years (48%) and 56-65 years (52%). Patients accessed an mHealth application featuring interactive hypertension management modules. Knowledge and attitude were assessed using validated questionnaires pre- and post-intervention. Results showed a significant improvement in both knowledge and attitude scores post-intervention (p 0.05). The mHealth-based approach effectively increased patient understanding and encouraged a positive attitude towards hypertension management. The study highlights the potential of mHealth applications in enhancing hypertension knowledge and attitude among elderly patients, emphasizing the need for integrating digital tools in routine hypertension care
Reducing Dispensing Time by Applying the Lean Hospital Approach in the Outpatient Pharmacy Department of SMC Telogorejo Hospital in Semarang Indonesia
Full text linkThe outpatient pharmacy department is the last service unit visited by patients. One common concern is the delay in receiving medicine. Improvements in medicine dispensing time were made with a lean hospital. This study aims to analyze the impact of lean hospital interventions on waiting times and Value Added Ratio (VAR). This quasi-experiment was conducted with a non-equivalent control group before-after design. The study population included non-compounded medicine prescriptions with out-of-pocket healthcare from April to July 2024. The sample was 1,266 prescriptions. Direct observation gathered data for value stream mapping in non-compounded medicine dispensing, recording time for prescription screening, preparation, final checks, and delivery, including patient education. Activity time was considered value-added time. Value-added time divided by Cycle Time (CT) was used to calculate VAR. Critical waste identified by the root-cause analysis was conducted through in-depth interviews using the fishbone diagram guide. Data before and after intervention were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Inventory waste significantly affected dispensing times. The lean hospital strategy improved the efficiency of pharmaceutical services by reducing the dispensing time from 19.68 to 16.18 minutes (p 0.001) and increasing the VAR from 51.34% to 57.21% (p 0.001) with an automated medicine planning system
Filsafat Nusantara Pascakiamat
Full text linkThe development of Nusantara Philosophy (Filsafat Nusantara) is inextricably linked to the politics of knowledge (philosophy) in Indonesia. Hitherto, Nusantara Philosophy has remained anchored in historical romanticism concerning the trajectory of philosophical thought in Indonesia. On the other hand, the paucity of futurist philosophical models or end-of-world philosophical approaches (apocalypse/post-apocalypse) in Indonesia poses a distinct challenge to the advancement of Nusantara Philosophy, particularly when addressing its own future. At this juncture, Nusantara Philosophy remains incomplete with itself, ensnared in issues of glorification, romanticism, uncertainty, and ambiguity surrounding its disparate, undirected concepts. Accordingly, this article illuminates several problems within Nusantara Philosophy through the lenses of archipelagic philosophical studies and speculative realism, to further elucidate the philosophical projections of Nusantara Philosophy when interrogating the Apocalypse. Certain analyses of Nusantara Philosophy merely catalog local knowledge, employing an approach inseparable from the cosmological-archipelagic model, wherein seas, mountains, and island expanses are envisioned as metaphysical agents serving as mediating mediums. Similarly, Nusantara Philosophy frequently generates diverse forms of speculative ethics that invariably compel consideration of specific moral values and cultural norms. Rather than seeking to transcend the universal claims of Western philosophy regarding apocalyptic/post-apocalyptic concepts, Nusantara Philosophy tacitly harbors a Ratu Adil (Just King) perspective to explicate the hyperobject of the end times.Pengembangan Filsafat Nusantara tidak terlepas dari politik pengetahuan (filsafat) di Indonesia. Selama ini, di satu sisi, Filsafat Nusantara masih bercokol pada romantisisme historis terhadap gerak sejarah filsafat yang ada di Indonesia. Di sisi lain, minimnya model filsafat futuris atau pendekatan filsafat akhir dunia (kiamat/pascakiamat) di Indonesia memberikan tantangan tersendiri bagi perkembangan Filsafat Nusantara, terutama ketika ia membicarakan masa depannya sendiri. Pada titik inilah, Filsafat Nusantara bahkan belum selesai dengan dirinya sendiri, ia masih terjebak pada masalah glorifikasi, romantisisme, ketidakpastian, dan ambiguitas atas ragam konsep yang tidak terarah. Oleh sebab itu, melalui artikel ini, kami menyoroti beberapa permasalahan Filsafat Nusantara melalui pendekatan studi filsafat kepulauan dan realisme spekulatif untuk mengetahui lebih lanjut proyeksi filosofis Filsafat Nusantara ketika menyoal tentang Kiamat. Beberapa telaah Filsafat Nusantara hanya berkubang pada inventarisasi pengetahuan lokal sekitar yang pendekatannya tidak terlepas dari model kosmologis-kepulauan; dengan laut, gunung, dan hamparan pulau yang dibayangkan sebagai agen metafisik yang menjadi medium. Begitu pula, Filsafat Nusantara sering kali melahirkan berbagai macam bentuk etika spekulatif yang selalu mendorong pertimbangan nilai-nilai moralitas dan norma kultur tertentu. Alih-alih mencoba melampaui klaim universal Filsafat Barat tentang konsep kiamat/pascakiamat, pandangan Filsafat Nusantara secara diam-diam justru menyimpan narasi Ratu Adil untuk menjelaskan hiper-objek akhir zaman
Gender Based Adjacency Pairs Analysis Found in Barbie: the Movie and Its Translation
Full text linkConversation Analysis is a part of Discourse Analysis that is usually used to analyze conversations in human interaction. Since movies can be considered as a piece of literature made to resemble real life, this theory is adapted to discuss how characters in the movies interact to communicate. The different styles of communication between characters of different genders is a gripping subject to explore. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to analyze conversations between female-male, female-female, and male-male characters in the movie Barbie. Since the data gathered were utterances in conversation, the adjacency pairs in the conversation were analyzed to see the pattern. The finding showed that there were differences in the types of adjacency pairs used between females and males in conversation. Female-Female conversations in Barbie tend to have more variety in types of adjacency pairs used if compared to Male-Male conversations. Meanwhile, the conversation between different genders, if initiated by a female (Female-Male conversations), was likely to have numerous types of adjacency pairs in contrast to if initiated by a male (Male-Female conversations). When the Indonesian subtitle was analyzed, there were no types of adjacency pairs modified through translation. The findings also revealed that certain types of adjacency pairs were found only in specific gender conversations. Furthermore, the discussion revealed that gender plays a role in the choice of adjacency pairs employed
The Commodification of Childhood: Simulacra in The Boss Baby (2017)
Full text linkOne of the consequences of postmodernity is characterized by the rapid increase in materialistic needs. Materialism fuels the production and consumption of commodities, often exploited through marketing and advertising. The film The Boss Baby later became one of the films that discussed the theme of commodity in its narrative as it tries to present the simulated reality that commodifies childhood experience, depicted through the film. This study aims to examine the commodification of childhood and how Baudrillard's simulacra theory explains this phenomenon. This research is a qualitative study focusing on the phenomenon of commodification of childhood using the film The Boss Baby as the main subject for analysis. The results of this study show that the meaning of commodification found in The Boss Baby film is that it depicts how childhood is being commodified through Baby Corp., baby formula, parental love and affection, and toys. The analysis of Baudrillard's thoughts on simulacra in The Boss Baby film and commodification shows a match between the phenomenon that exists in the reality of a postmodern society depicted in The Boss Baby film, describing the simulated reality where babies are produced and managed as if they were products. It shows how modern society commodifies human life, relationships, and values