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Menuju Komunitas Kolaboratif: Implikasi Teori Intersubjektivitas dalam Dilema Komunitas Religius Multikultur
No full textThis article presents how philosophical thinking practically gives relational strength to multicultural religious communities. Maurice Merleau-Ponty talks about intersubjectivity, the benefits of which are so binding in inter-body relations. Steven McCormack talks about the importance of interpersonal communication as a strength of relationships within the community. David W. McMillan and David M. Chavis talk about the importance of "belonging" in the praxis of community. This article focuses on the question, "How can individuals in multicultural religious communities collaborate in the midst of dilemmas?" Indeed, the framework is built on Merleau-Ponty's theory of intersubjective philosophy. This will encourage collaboration in multicultural religious communities and leave behind primordial dilemmas that limit future community development steps. By analyzing the philosophy of intersubjectivity, we are offered the opportunity to transform past relationships and then make new meanings of them towards a collaborative community in the future.AbstrakArtikel ini menyajikan bagaimana pemikiran filsafat secara praktis memberi kekuatan terhadap relasi individu di dalam komunitas religius yang multikultur. Maurice Merleau-Ponty berbicara tentang intersubjektivitas yang manfaatnya begitu mengikat relasi antar-subjek. Steven McCormack berbicara tentang pentingnya komunikasi interpersonal sebagai penguat relasi individu dalam komunitas. David W. McMillan dan David M. Chavis berbicara tentang pentingnya “rasa memiliki” dari setiap individu di dalam praksis berkomunitas. Fokus artikel ini berangkat dari sebuah pertanyaan, “Bagaimana individu dalam komunitas religius yang multikultural dapat berkolaborasi di tengah dilema-dilema yang ada?” Tentunya, kerangka berpikirnya dibangun dari teori filsafat intersubjek Merleau-Ponty. Hal ini akan mendorong kolaborasi dalam komunitas religius yang multikultur dan meninggalkan dilema-dilema primordial yang membatasi gerak langkah pengembangan komunitas di masa depan. Dengan menganalisis filsafat intersubjektivitas, kita ditawari kesempatan untuk mengubah relasi di masa lalu dan kemudian memaknainya secara baru untuk menuju komunitas kolaboratif di masa depan
Under the Veil of Tolerance: Critics on Tolerant City Index
Get PDFReligious tolerance in Indonesia has become phenomenal in the last decades after Setara Institute was established alongside other NGOs such as Wahid Foundation. There is an annual index of tolerant and intolerant cities in Indonesia conducted by the Setara Institute. Other religious indexes are also mentioned, such as the index of Freedom of Religion and Belief (FORB) by Wahid Foundation and the Religious Harmony index by the Ministry of Religious Affairs. This index shows the interreligious relations within society and measures tolerance from the FORB index. To some extent, this index led to the competition of cities in Indonesia to be the most tolerant. This research examines the problem within the index from a philosophical perspective. Furthermore, the effect of the religious tolerance index on local government policies and everyday engagement in society will be addressed. This research uses a qualitative analysis method and collects data through library research. This research shows some problems in the index, such as binary opposition and generalized intolerant action with religious motives. In addition, the tolerance tends to move into pragmatic tolerance instead of mutual tolerance after the index emerges.ABSTRAK Toleransi beragama di Indonesia telah menjadi fenomena dalam beberapa dekade terakhir setelah Setara Institute didirikan bersama dengan LSM lain seperti Wahid Foundation. Setara Institute mengeluarkan indeks tahunan tentang kota-kota toleran dan intoleran di Indonesia. Ada juga indeks keagamaan lainnya, seperti indeks Kebebasan Beragama dan Berkeyakinan (Freedom of Religion and Belief – FORB) yang dikeluarkan oleh Wahid Foundation dan indeks Kerukunan Umat Beragama oleh Kementerian Agama. Indeks-indeks ini menampilkan tingkat hubungan antar agama dalam masyarakat dan mengukur toleransi dari kebebasan beragama dan berkeyakinan. Sampai batas tertentu, indeks ini menyebabkan persaingan antar kota-kota di Indonesia untuk menjadi yang paling toleran. Penelitian dalam makalah ini mengkaji masalah dalam indeks tersebut dari perspektif filosofis. Lebih lanjut, pengaruh indeks toleransi beragama terhadap kebijakan pemerintah daerah dan keterlibatan sehari-hari di masyarakat juga akan dibahas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis kualitatif dan mengumpulkan data melalui penelitian kepustakaan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan beberapa masalah dalam indeks tersebut, seperti pengandaian oposisi biner yang tidak tepat dan generalisasi atas tindakan intoleran yang dianggap bermotifkan keagamaan. Selain itu, toleransi yang ada cenderung bergeser menjadi toleransi pragmatis dan bukannya toleransi timbal balik setelah adanya indeks tersebut
Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC) as a Topical Drug Delivery System : A Review
Get PDFNanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC) appears as the next generation of lipid nanoparticles which overcomes the weaknesses of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN). NLC is a delivery system that offers several advantages, such as significantly improved entrapment efficiency, reduced drug expulsion during long-term storage, and increased contact between the drug and the stratum corneum, thereby enhancing drug penetration. The methods used to manufacture NLC have high energy-required such as high-pressure homogenization and high shear homogenization, low energy-required such as microemulsification and phase inversion, and very low or no energy-required such as solvent evaporation and solvent injection. The basic components of an NLC are solid lipids, liquid lipids, and surfactants or mixtures of surfactants. This narrative review refers to several previously published databases on the types, preparation methods, and physical properties of NLC. This review focuses on descriptions related to the NLC as a topical drug delivery system
CULTURE-SPECIFIC ITEMS AND TRANSLATION STRATEGIES IN TIM OBRIENS THE THINGS THEY CARRIED AND ITS INDONESIAN TRANSLATION
Get PDFAs one of the most complicated concepts to translate, a number of translators and researchers have presented various strategies to transfer the meaning of culture-specific items (CSIs) from one language to another. Through eight translation strategies used by professional translators based on Baker, this paper aimed to find the most applicable strategy to find a way around culture-specific items. In addition, this paper also attempted to categorize CSIs found in Tim OBriens The Things They Carried according to Newmarks five taxonomies of foreign cultural words. The comparative model in translation studies and comparative research were applied as methods to obtain and analyze data from both the source text and target text. The results showed that out of five taxonomies, social culture has the highest percentage overall with 45%. Furthermore, translation by paraphrase using unrelated words also has the highest percentage among the eight translation strategies with 31%. Therefore, it can be concluded that translation by paraphrase using unrelated words is the most applicable strategy to translate CSIs found in The Things They Carried
Recent Developments in The Influencing Variables of Hydrodistillation for Enhancing Essential Oil Yields in Indonesia: A Brief Review
Get PDFHydrodistillation is widely known as the simplest essential oils (EOs) isolation technique and is widely used by small-scale producers, such as in Indonesia. The main characteristic of hydrodistillation is the plant-source material of EOs soked in water, followed by boiling and diffusion. Variuos problems arise from the use of hydrodistillation, including the possibility of overheating, degradation of EOs because of the long heating time, difficulty in controlling the heat, and a slow process. The aim of this study was to review the recent developments in hydrodistillation technology that have been developed in Indonesia to improve the quality and yield of EOs. Bibliometric analysis trhough the Methodi Ordinatio was used to compile a systematic review of prior studies in the recent decade regarding the application of hydrodistillation in Indonesia. The results showed that five plant-source commodities were extensively isolated consisting of citrus, lemongrass, cinnamon, nutmeg, and ginger. Furthermore, this study investigated the variables that influnce the hydrodistillation process for EOs isolation. The variables were often evaluated according to the results are distillation time, pretreatment of raw materials, feed-to-solvent ratio, particle size, growth place, and plant developmental stage. A future perspective was considered and outlined to carroed out further novel study and development strategies.
Keywords: Bibliometric analysis, Hydrodistillation, Plant commodities, Process variables, Pretreatment
THE IMPACT OF VIRTUAL VIDEO PROJECT ON STUDENTS’ ENGLISH LEARNING ENGAGEMENT
Get PDFThis paper examines how Project-Based Learning (PjBL) affects students' engagement in English when taught in a virtual learning environment. The case study was classroom-based and used data collected through interviews with twenty-five participants engaged in a virtual PjBL enactment. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis, while member checking was also used to ensure the data’s trustworthiness. The study found that the PjBL enactment had improved students’ learning engagement in three ways. First, the cognitive impact was seen in the participants’ experiences of a culture of self-directed learning where they were involved in the inquiry process through scaffolding activities. Second, their behavioral engagement was seen in their active involvement in project presentations and their shift in attitude towards the use of technology in virtual PjBL. Finally, their emotional engagement was reflected in the increased personal self-esteem and the change in the lecturer-student interaction. This research suggests that PjBL should be used more extensively in virtual classrooms because it positively impacts the students’ learning engagement and boosts their motivation to learn English
Strategi Pengembangan Pariwisata Berkelanjutan Gurun Pasir Telaga Biru Pulau Bintan Era New Normal
Get PDFThe research was conducted in the Telaga Biru Desert, Bintan Regency, Riau Archipelago. The purpose of this research is to explore the tourism potential of the Telaga Biru Desert ecotourism destination and collaborative management that can be applied as an effort to develop a sustainable tourism area. Gurun Pasir Telaga Biru is part of an industrial area owned by PT Surya Bangun Pertiwi (SBP) with a land reserve of 4,000 hectares. Telaga Biru Desert has an area of 50 hectares which is planned as an industrial area green belt because of its location close to the Bintan airport. This research uses mixed methods, namely analysis from observations and interviews supported by quantitative data using Maple 2017 to understand the economic value and willingness of tourists to pay when visiting the tourist destination of the Telaga Biru Desert Desert. PT Surya Bangun Pertiwi (SBP) can use the Total Economic Value results as a data review to decide whether to keep the area as idle land or develop it as a nature-based tourism destination. The total economic value of the Telaga Biru Desert is IDR 493,950,214,550 per year, which means the economic value is IDR 862,290 per meter2. This figure is relatively high when compared to small businesses in providing a place with adequate facilities. Tourists can explore tourist areas with various interesting spots and try various kinds of rides provided. This destination will be more valuable if it carries out good collaborative management with more adequate infrastructure and can encourage the growth of MSMEs, education and the social community of the local community
PERAN BUMDES (BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA) UNTUK PEMULIHAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT DESA
Get PDFABSTRAKDalam UU No 6 Tahun 2014, pembentukan Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDES) dimaksudkan untuk mendorong atau menampung seluruh kegiatan peningkatan pendapatan masyarakat, baik yang berkembang menurut adat istiadat dan budaya setempat, maupun kegiatan perekonomian yang diserahkan untuk di kelola oleh masyarakat melalui program atau proyek Pemerintah dan Pemerintah Daerah. Sebagai sebuah usaha desa, pembentukan BUMDES diharapkan mampu memanfaatkan seluruh potensi yang dimiliki masyarakat desa baik aspek ekonomi, sumber daya alam dan sumber daya manusianya. Pendirian BUMDES di desa mampu menyerap tenaga kerja desa, membuka peluang usaha ekonomi produktif, membangun jejaring usaha, meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat desa, dan mempunyai kontribusi pada PADes (Pendapatan Asli Desa). BUMDES merupakan salah satu kekuatan ekonomi penting yang dimiliki desa di tengah masuknya berbagai kekuatan bisnis nasional maupun internasional. Bahkan di masa pandemi dan pasca pandemi covid -19, BUMDES menjadi salah satu lembaga di desa yang berperanan penting menopang pemulihan ekonomi masyarakat desa. BUMDES diharapkan menjadi “basis ekonomi kerakyatan” dan penguatan keuangan pemerintahan desa melalui kegiatan usaha ekonomi produktif masyarakat perdesaan dan kontribusi pada pemulihan ekonomi masyarakat desa.Kata kunci : BUMDES, Pemulihan Ekonomi Masyarakat Desa, PADe
Green konsumerisme Sebagai Kritik Terhadap Peran Manusia Dalam Gerakan Lingkungan
Get PDFAs public awareness and government pressure increases, industries are undertaking "green marketing" efforts. Green marketing is a combination of activities, including product modifications, changes to the production process, packaging changes, and advertising modifications to promote environmentally friendly products (Mishra and Sharma, 2014). Green marketing seeks to tempt green consumers in an effort to expand the market and increase profits. Environmentally friendly production practices are no longer seen as an obligation, but rather as a strategic business tactic that is profitable. Thus, green consumerism is part of green capitalism that seeks to reduce environmental impacts by utilizing market forces and profit motives (Scales, 2014). Scales also adds that green consumerism refers to the formation of a new commodity fetishism, whose impact is greater than it seems. Because in trying to provide information about the "greenness" of a product, green consumerism simplifies what green is. Environmental impacts are simplified and abstract concepts such as "green" are reduced to labels, symbols and metrics. This can direct consumers' focus to one issue and forget about others. Departing from the facts above, this paper will provide an understanding of how biased the role of humans in environmental preservation is today. Using descriptive qualitative research methods by focusing on literature reviews and research data from journals and documentary videos related to invisible hand practices and the ecogreen industry.AbstrakSeiring dengan meningkatnya kesadaran publik dan tekanan oleh pemerintah, industri pun melakukan usaha “pemasaran hijau”. Pemasaran hijau adalah gabungan berbagai kegiatan, termasuk modifikasi produk, perubahan pada proses produksi, perubahan kemasan, dan modifikasi iklan untuk mempromosikan produk yang ramah lingkungan (Mishra dan Sharma, 2014). Pemasaran hijau berusaha menggoda konsumen hijau dalam upaya perluasan pasar dan peningkatan profit. Praktik produksi yang ramah lingkungan tidak lagi dilihat sebagai kewajiban, tetapi justru sebagai taktik bisnis yang strategis yang menguntungkan. Dengan demikian, konsumerisme hijau merupakan bagian dari kapitalisme hijau yang berupaya mengurangi dampak lingkungan dengan memanfaatkan kekuatan pasar dan motif laba (Scales, 2014). Scales turut menambahkan bahwa konsumerisme hijau justru mengacu pada terbentuknya fetisisme komoditas baru, yang dampaknya lebih besar dari yang terlihat. Karena dalam usaha untuk memberikan informasi mengenai “kehijauan” suatu produk, konsumerisme hijau melakukan simplifikasi mengenai apa itu hijau. Dampak terhadap lingkungan dijadikan sederhana dan konsep-konsep abstrak seperti“ramah lingkungan ”direduksi menjadi label, simbol,dan metrik. Hal ini dapat mengarahkan fokus konsumen ke satu isu dan melupakan yang lainnya. Berangkat dari fakta tersebut diatas maka Tulisan ini akan memberikan pemahaman terkait bagaimana bias peran manusia dalam pelestarian lingkungan saat ini. Menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan berfokus pada tinjauan pustaka dan data penelitian dari jurnal serta video dokumenter terkait praktik invisible hand dan industri ecogreen
SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL INJUSTICE IN MORTAL ENGINES (2018) FILM: A STUDY OF POSTCOLONIAL ECOCRITICISM
Get PDFThis research aims to uncover the social and environmental issues depicted in Mortal Engines (2018) and explore the possible implications the film promotes from the disparitys depiction concerning social and environmental justice. The study utilizes Huggan and Tiffin's Postcolonial ecocriticism and mise-en-scene theory, employing a descriptive-qualitative research method. The data is collected from the characters' dialogue and visual representations highlighting social and environmental injustice. The findings show that: 1) There are significant correlations and interconnectedness between different issues, resulting in social and environmental injustice within the film; 2) This injustice originates from ecological imperialism and is perpetuated by dualistic and binary thinking. These thinking patterns lead to bio-colonization, violence, abuse of power, marginalization, othering, and exploitation, contributing to power imbalances, social injustice, environmental racism, and degradation; 3) The depiction employs mise-en-scene, dialogue, symbols, allegory, visual language, and literary devices, the film effectively engages the audience and promotes social and environmental justice values; 4) The research also uncovers the film's role as an interventionist and counter-hegemony, advocating for social and environmental justice, decolonization, resistance, sustainability, humanity, and historicism