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Reformasi 1998: Transisi dari Orde Baru ke Era Demokrasi di Indonesia
Get PDFReformasi 1998 di Indonesia markahl titik balik penting dalam transisi dari rezim otoriter Orde Baru ke era demokratis. Krisis moneter Asia 1997, yang memperburuk kondisi ekonomi dan meningkatkan praktik korupsi, kolusi, dan nepotisme (KKN), menjadi latar belakang reformasi ini. Rakyat semakin tidak puas dengan kondisi sosial dan ekonomi yang buruk, memunculkan gelombang protes yang luas, terutama dari kalangan mahasiswa. Kerusuhan pada Mei 1998, termasuk Tragedi Trisakti, menjadi pendorong utama bagi Presiden Soeharto untuk mengundurkan diri pada tanggal 21 Mei 1998.Tujuan utama reformasi adalah mewujudkan demokratisasi sistem politik di Indonesia, menghapus praktek KKN, dan melindungi hak asasi manusia. Pelaksanaan pemilihan umum bebas pada tahun 1999 menandai langkah penting dalam mewujudkan kedaulatan rakyat. Mahasiswa dan masyarakat aktif berpartisipasi dalam proses demokratisasi, memaksa pemerintahan untuk melakukan perubahan. Reformasi ini membawa perubahan signifikan dalam struktur politik, termasuk peningkatan kebebasan berpendapat dan transparansi pemerintahan. Dengan demikian, reformasi 1998 membuka jalan bagi pembentukan tradisi demokratis di Indonesia, meskipun tantangan dalam konsolidasi demokrasi masih ada
Implementasi Nilai Kearifan Lokal Pura Gunung Kawi dalam Proses Pembelajaran Sejarah
Get PDFPura Gunung Kawi adalah kompleks candi Hindu bersejarah di Bali yang mencerminkan kearifan lokal dan sejarah. Artikel ini membahas nilai-nilai tersebut serta potensinya dalam pembelajaran sejarah, menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan berbagai metode penelitian. Kisah legendaris Kebo Iwa yang mahir memahat batu menambah dimensi mistis pada sejarah candi ini. Kompleks ini, dengan sepuluh candi yang dilengkapi dengan makam dan ceruk pertapaan, mencerminkan struktur sosial dan kepercayaan spiritual masyarakat masa lampau. Selain sebagai tempat ibadah dan wisata, Pura Gunung Kawi juga berperan dalam perekonomian lokal melalui perdagangan suvenir. Kompleks ini juga menjadi sumber pengetahuan dan subjek penelitian bagi pelajar yang tertarik pada sejarah dan budaya Bali. Pembelajaran sejarah dapat memanfaatkan nilai-nilai kearifan lokal Pura Gunung Kawi untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dalam berpikir sejarah dan kecintaan terhadap budaya bangsa. Dengan menghargai nilai-nilai spiritual, budaya, dan seni di Pura Gunung Kawi, diharapkan dapat memperkuat integrasi budaya lokal dan pemahaman kearifan nenek moyang bagi generasi muda
THE DIFFICULTIES AND STRATEGIES OF EFL STUDENTS IN IMPROVING THEIR ENGLISH SKILLS
Get PDFThis paper aims to explain the difficulties of EFL students in learning English, the difficulties in writing skills, and the strategies used to improve their writing skills. The participants were 20 students of SMPK. St. Isidorus, Lewolema sub-district, East Flores, Nusa Tenggara Timur. A qualitative method was employed in this research using the interview as a data collection technique. The findings showed that the difficulties of EFL Students in learning English where they cannot (1) translate the English words, (2) read an English text, (3) write an English sentence, (4) pronounce, and (5) memorize the English sentence. Students have difficulties in writing such as lack of vocabulary, cannot write the word in English correctly, and translate the sentence in English. The strategies chosen by the students to improve their writing include learning how to translate the word, memorize the vocabulary, and learn to write the correct English sentence
Essay Answer Detection System Uses Cosine Similarity and Similarity Scoring in Sentences
Get PDFEssay exams are often an option to evaluate a person's understanding and interpretation of the material they have studied, rather than simply testing knowledge or understanding through essay exams that still rely on manual methods. The disadvantage of manual assessment is that it is prone to errors due to variations between examiners in providing assessments, coupled with the number of questions that must be assessed which is sometimes quite large, so it takes significant time. So this research carried out the development of an application with an automatic answer correction model with cosine similarity to measure how similar or how far two vectors are in multidimensional space. The result, system's potential in educational contexts was demonstrated by testing it on essay responses. To improve accuracy and usability, future developments could use sophisticated text scoring algorithms and provide more features. This study highlights the importance of automated grading systems for optimizing essay scoring in educational settings while maintaining scalability and reliability.
Keywords: essay exams, automated grading, essay checker, cosine similarit
The Implementation of Migration Theology according to Gemma Tulud Cruz in the Talithakum Network of Yogyakarta
Get PDFTalithakum is an internationally networked organization that works on humanitarian issues, especially human trafficking. It is managed collaboratively by leaders of women's religious congregations worldwide. In Indonesia, Talithakum is managed by IBSI or Ikatan Biarawati Seluruh Indonesia (Nuns Association of Indonesia) and is spread into nine networks. One of these networks is the Talithakum Yogyakarta Network. Using the literature study method, this research explores and examines the values of Gemma Tulud Cruz's theology of migration in the Talithakum Yogyakarta Network. The results showed that Talithakum Yogyakarta Network, as a humanitarian organization, applies the values of Gemma Tulud Cruz's theology of migration. The spirit of solidarity, the spirituality of courageous hope, and the crucified people live clearly in various work programs run by Talithakum Yogyakarta Network. The values of Cruz's theology of migration are seen from simple efforts such as educational movements as a preventive stage to assistance and sustainable handling actions for migrants. Talithakum Network Yogyakarta is committed to realizing a world free of human trafficking. This commitment is also important to be owned by various elements of society, including the Church, to build civilization and a dignified life
Between Diversity and Disorder Trans Identities Reconsidered
Get PDFTransgender communities perceive Christians as oppressive, intolerant, and obsolete, especially when the latter condemns them. Transgender, loosely defined, is a person who feels that [her] gender identity does not conform to [her] sex assigned at birth. This experience can also be called gender identity disorder (GID). Few transgenders decide to go as far as undergoing sex reassignment surgery and hormone therapy. This paper seeks to explore the concepts of transgender identity by offering comparison to the concepts of transability. Transability, loosely defined, is a person who feels that her disabled identity does not conform to her able-physical body. This can also be called Body Integrity Identity Disorder (BIID). A transabled person, for example, feels that she is a limp—having limp identity—despite having normally healthy legs. Few transabled individuals decide to go as far as undergoing amputation. This paper, incorporating theological perspective on the sanctity of human body and philosophical considerations of bodily integrity, invites us to come up with a consistent ethical stance that either acknowledges both (GID and BIID) as expressions of diversity or rejects both (GID and BIID) as forms of disorder
Solidarity Towards the Poor Based on the Ideas of Pope Francis
Get PDFSolidarity is a value rooted in the understanding and commitment of faith to respond to and seek solutions to the concrete problems of human life for the development of life together. Solidarity is also one of the values and life practices of the Church that has been internalized and passed down by Jesus and his disciples. However, over time, the value of solidarity has become increasingly eroded by the currents of the times. In the situation of the weakening of human solidarity values in the post-modern era, Pope Francis, in his pastoral vision, calls on the faithful to internalize and cultivate the value of solidarity, especially towards the small, the poor, the oppressed, and the forgotten.Through this article, the author focuses on exploring Pope Francis's ideas about solidarity towards the poor. The research method used is qualitative literature study with a descriptive analysis approach. The purpose of compiling this article is to explore and discover the meaning of solidarity based on Pope Francis's ideas. The results of the research show that reflections and ideas about solidarity from Pope Francis can contribute to theological reflection and can also become priority values that can be lived and interpreted within the framework of means of accountability of faith and salvation in the midst of communal life
Perbedaan Organizational Citizenship Behavior pada Karyawan yang Bekerja di Universitas Sanata Dharma Berdasarkan Status Kerja
Get PDFOrganizational Citizenship Behavior is work behavior outside of an employee's obligations that is carried out voluntarily. If OCB is not implemented, there will be a decline in company growth, an unproductive work environment, and employees who are stagnant in growth. This study builds a hypothesis that permanent employees have a higher level of OCB than non-permanent employees, because permanent employees have more benefits, higher salaries, and are treated better by institutions or companies. This type of research is quantitative research that has a comparative research design. The subjects of the study were 95 Permanent Cleaning Employees and Non-Permanent Cleaning Employees of Sanata Dharma University. Consisting of 44 permanent employees and 51 non-permanent employees. The scale instrument used was a Likert scale of 55 questions with 4 alternative answers. The study was conducted via Google Form. The results of the study stated that there were differences in the OCB levels of permanent and non-permanent employees
ALTERNATIVE ASSESSMENT AS A TOOL FOR IMPARTING HEBREW LEARNING SKILLS
Get PDFThis research explored the role of alternative assessments in highlighting students' language abilities by focusing on their strengths. Through interviews with 20 Hebrew language teachers in the Arab-Bedouin education system in Israel, the study revealed that, unlike traditional assessments, alternative methods were performance-based, student-centered, and emphasized communication over accuracy. Teachers identified authentic tasks as crucial for allowing students to assess their own learning while meeting educational goals. Key criteria for these tasks included reflecting students' interests, connecting to real-life contexts, encouraging creativity, and producing high-quality results
Bibliometric Analysis on Gender and Spirituality in Literary Studies
Get PDFPublications on gender and spirituality have been prominently featured in
many journals indexed by various databases. This article employs bibliometric analysis to investigate publication trends on gender and spiritual issues in literary studies within the Scopus database. This research utilized the VOSviewer application to analyze keyword co-authorship, co-occurrence, and citations. The bibliographic data for this study were downloaded from the Scopus database on January 8, 2024, with a search restriction over the last ten years between 2014 and 2023, and under two fields: 1) social sciences and 2) arts and humanities. The results show that of the 34 eligible publications, there are four main highlights. First, the co-authorship of research publications is relatively low and is only undertaken by a few researchers. Second, the co-occurrence of keywords reveals three main research trends over these ten years: gender-based experiences and practices, gender-based concepts, and religion and spirituality. However, keywords related to literary criticism did not appear. Third, the number of citations for documents is uneven and is dominated only by certain authors, affiliations, and countries. Lastly, network visualization reveals limited interconnectivity between topics, such as gender spirituality and literature. These results conclude that interdisciplinary research in the field of literary criticism remains widely open to address existing research gaps and encourage researchers to collaborate on related topics