E-Journal USD (Universitas Sanata Dharma Yogyakarta)
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Spray Gel Formulation of Goroho Banana (Musa acuminata L.) Peel Extract: Optimization and Wound Healing Activity Analysis
Full text linkGoroho banana (Musa acuminata L.) peel extract has been traditionally used in Minahasa for wound healing. This study aimed to develop and optimize a spray gel formulation containing Goroho banana peel extract and evaluate its wound healing activity. A factorial design was employed with two factors (Carbopol 940 and HPMC) at two levels. Preliminary testing determined 3% as the optimal extract concentration through wound healing evaluation in rats. Four spray gel formulations were developed and characterized for physicochemical properties, including viscosity, pH, and drying time. Results showed Formula B (Carbopol 0.5% and HPMC 0.6%) exhibited optimal characteristics with viscosity 223.8 ± 7.6 cPs, pH 5.13 ± 0.05, and drying time 4.22 ± 0.05 minutes. The HET-CAM irritation test revealed mild irritation scores (2.5-3.8) for all formulations, with Formula B showing the lowest score (2.5). Design Expert optimization generated 100 solutions, with the optimal formula containing Carbopol 0.670% and HPMC 0.517%. The wound healing activity showed no significant differences between spray gel formulations and Bioplacenton (p0.05), indicating comparable efficacy. This study demonstrates the successful development of a safe and effective spray gel formulation of Goroho banana peel extract for wound healing applications
Effectiveness of 70% Ethanol Extract of Pomegranate (Punica granatum Linn) Against the Healing Process of Incisions and Burns in Mice
Full text linkA wound is a traumatic occurrence that damages the skin's and subcutaneous tissue's continuity. For the treatment of skin wounds, it is normal practice in the medical community to administer analgesics, anti-inflammatories, antibiotics, and antiseptics. Anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties are required, as well as assistance for cell proliferation in the production of protein and collagen for the regeneration process. Pomegranate is frequently used as herbal medicine and is thought to heal various diseases and ailments, including burns. This investigation will assess the effects of 70% ethanol extract from pomegranate fruit on mouse incisions and second-degree burns. To assess the effect of the extract on the healing of cuts and burns in mice, wounds and second-degree burns were made and treated with a 70% ethanol extract of pomegranate at doses of 7%, 14%, and 28%. Administration of pomegranate fruit extract in 70% ethanol at the optimum dose of 28% was shown to considerably boost wound healing activity and this finding demonstrates the ability of pomegranate extract to treat wounds
Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Based on Antidiabetic Prescription Patterns
Full text linkDiabetes mellitus is characterized as a multifaceted metabolic disorder marked by elevated blood sugar levels or hyperglycemia. Among its types, type 2 diabetes mellitus is the most common globally, significantly affecting a large portion of the population. In Indonesia, there has been a notable increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes, indicating a rising trend. This condition necessitates continuous care and management since it is incurable, requiring patients to undergo lifelong treatment. The various therapeutic approaches available for managing type 2 diabetes have a significant impact on the quality of life of patients, highlighting the necessity for quality-of-life assessments. The primary objective of this study was to assess the quality of life among individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It also aimed to investigate the effects of different patterns of antidiabetic drug prescriptions on the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), employing the Diabetes Quality of Life Clinical Trial Questionnaire (DQLCTQ) for evaluation. This study was conducted as a quantitative, observational research using a cross-sectional approach and a descriptive analytical method. A total of 99 participants were included through purposive sampling, a non-probability sampling technique. The findings showed that the average quality of life score was 70.56, with 48 participants (48.5%) reported to have a good quality of life and 51 (51.5%) considered to have a poor quality of life. Importantly, significant results (p0.05) were found regarding the positive effects of combining oral antidiabetic drugs with insulin on enhancing the quality of life in individuals with type 2 diabetes, underscoring the influence of medication regimens on patient health outcomes
Apokalips Milik Siapa? Unfuturability dan Politik Futuritas Kolonial-Pemukim dalam Narasi Apokaliptik Barat
Full text linkThis paper argues that reading Western settler-colonial apocalyptic narratives—including films, video games, and novels such as The Road, the Fallout series, Children of Men, and Interstellar—through the lens of unfuturability reveals their underlying political function. I distinguish between “apocalypse-as-genre,” the spectacular collapse imagined in these works, and “apocalypse-as-structure,” the slow violence already endured in places such as Sumatra, Kalimantan, and Papua. The analysis identifies three recurring settler-colonial tropes that work to secure the future as a racially exclusive domain: the reimagining of land as an emptied frontier, the rebirth of the hunter-hero through righteous violence, and the salvation of the future through a settler adoption fantasy. These tropes function as a form of “white property” by controlling who inherits futurity. In response, unfuturability is proposed as both an analytic and an ethic: a political refusal of the colonial future that opens space for plural, relational worlds already being built through Indigenous land stewardship, Black mutual aid, and decolonial archival practice. By using unfuturability to name and critique these narrative patterns, this paper offers a framework for reading apocalyptic culture beyond the horizons secured by settler futurity.Artikel ini berargumen bahwa membaca narasi apokaliptik kolonial-pemukim Barat—termasuk film, permainan video, dan novel seperti The Road, seri Fallout, Children of Men, dan Interstellar—melalui lensa unfuturability (ketaktermasadepankan) menyingkap fungsi politik yang mendasarinya. Saya membedakan antara “apokalips-sebagai-genre,” yakni keruntuhan spektakuler yang diimajinasikan dalam karya-karya ini, dan “apokalips-sebagai-struktur,” yakni kekerasan lambat (slow violence) yang telah dialami di tempat-tempat seperti Sumatra, Kalimantan, dan Papua. Analisis ini mengidentifikasi tiga tropus kolonial-pemukim berulang yang bekerja untuk mengamankan masa depan sebagai ranah yang eksklusif secara rasial: pengimajinasian ulang tanah sebagai frontir yang dikosongkan, kelahiran kembali pahlawan-pemburu melalui kekerasan yang disucikan (righteous violence), dan penyelamatan masa depan melalui fantasi adopsi pemukim. Kiasan-kiasan ini berfungsi sebagai bentuk “kepemilikan kulit putih” dengan mengendalikan siapa yang mewarisi futuritas. Sebagai tanggapan, unfuturability diajukan baik sebagai sebuah analitik maupun etika: sebuah penolakan politis terhadap masa depan kolonial yang membuka ruang bagi dunia-dunia majemuk dan relasional yang telah dibangun melalui penjagaan tanah Adat, bantuan timbal balik Kulit Hitam, dan praktik pengarsipan dekolonial. Dengan menggunakan unfuturability untuk menamai dan mengkritik pola-pola naratif ini, makalah ini menawarkan kerangka kerja untuk membaca budaya apokaliptik melampaui cakrawala yang diamankan oleh futuritas pemukim
Menemukan Kembali Resonansi
Full text linkStanislaus Sunardi is a key figure in the establishment of the Graduate Program in Cultural Studies at Sanata Dharma University. He is also the initiator of this journal, Retorik: Jurnal Ilmu Humaniora. In this editorial, Sunardi conveys his reflections on USD Cultural Studies and the journal Retorik, and introduces the articles published in this special edition celebrating twenty-five years of Cultural Studies at USD.Stanislaus Sunardi merupakan tokoh kunci berdirinya Program Pascasarjana Kajian Budaya di Universitas Sanata Dharma. Beliau juga penggagas jurnal ini, Retorik: Jurnal Ilmu Humaniora. Dalam tulisan ini, Sunardi menyampaikan refleksinya terhadap Kajian Budaya USD dan jurnal Retorik, serta memperkenalkan artikel-artikel yang dimuat dalam edisi khusus peringatan 25 tahun Kajian Budaya di USD ini
Rethinking Human Rights and Peace in Post-Independence Timor-Leste Through Local Perspectives (Book Review)
Full text linkRethinking Human Rights and Peace in Post-Independence Timor-Leste Through Local Perspectives. Khoo, Ying Hooi, Antero Benedito da Silva, and Therese Nguyen Thi Phuong Tam, eds. Singapore: Palgrave Macmillan, 2022. Rethinking Human Rights and Peace in Post-Independence Timor-Leste Through Local Perspectives. Khoo, Ying Hooi, Antero Benedito da Silva, dan Therese Nguyen Thi Phuong Tam, eds. Singapore: Palgrave Macmillan, 2022
The Representations of and the Responses toward Hybridity in Indonesia: A Systematic Review
Full text linkThis study examines the pervasive nature of hybridity in Indonesia, recognizing modern Indonesia as a nation shaped by the dynamic interaction of diverse influences. Acknowledging varying acceptance levels of this reality, the research synthesizes studies on hybridity in the country from the past fifteen years (2009-2024) to map the multifaceted landscape of hybrid identity. Through close reading and observation, the project investigates three core areas: (1) identifying primary loci where hybridity manifests; (2) exploring constituent elements contributing to hybrid identities, tracing their origins; (3) analyzing the spectrum of responses to hybridity. Analysis reveals that studies of hybrid identity in Indonesia encompass nearly all forms of cultural expression, spanning literature, culinary, architecture, music, and performance. This ubiquity highlights hybridity's deep integration into Indonesian cultural life. Contributing elements are equally diverse, drawing from Indonesia's rich tapestry of ethnic communities and global interactions shaping the archipelago over centuries. This confluence of local and global influences creates a dynamic cultural mosaic. The study finds that the dominant response to hybridity in Indonesia is one of embrace and celebration. Most research emphasizes the positive aspects of cultural fusion, highlighting the creativity and innovation born from blended traditions. However, some studies express concern about hybridity potentially threatening perceived essential values within specific cultural expressions. These contrasting perspectives underscore the ongoing dialogue surrounding hybridity in Indonesia and the need for nuanced understandings of cultural evolution. This research offers a comprehensive overview of current scholarship on hybridity in Indonesia, providing valuable insights into the dynamic interplay of cultural influences shaping Indonesia’s identity
LINGUISTIC AND PERSUASIVE TECHNIQUES IN CONSTRUCTING DIVINE ENTITLEMENT IN NIGERIAN POP MUSIC
Full text linkIn recent years, Nigerian popular music has moved away from narratives about earning success through hard work. Instead, it now focuses on the narratives that success comes from divine blessings or entitlement. This study explores how Nigerian pop artists use persuasive strategies and linguistic techniques to construct and legitimise expectations of financial breakthroughs as a divine right. Through a textual analysis of Syno’s “Money Fit Me” and Adekunle Gold’s “Pick Up”, the study applied Aristotle’s Rhetorical Appeals, Cialdini’s Principles of Persuasion, and Critical Discourse Analysis to look at how narratives of divine entitlement are shaped. The analysis revealed that the lyrics of Syno focus on communal validation through social proof and reciprocity, demonstrating success as a common expectation, whereas the lyrics of Adekunle Gold employ strong emotional appeal and fear of being left behind, so success appears pressing and deeply personal. These findings show how Nigerian pop music reinforces social perceptions that spiritual devotion and material success are interrelated, and they shape the way people perceive wealth, faith, and upward social mobility in a challenging socio-economic situation. This study contributes to the broader debates on the nexus of language, religion, and popular culture and how they interact with advancing contemporary aspirations in Nigeria
Efficient Design of Reinforced Columns: Insights into Lateral Confinement and Performance
Full text linkIn structural engineering and architecture, a column is a vertical load-bearing member crucial for supporting compressive loads. Reinforced concrete columns consist of both confined and unconfined concrete. Pioneering experiments by Mander et al. (1988a) (Observed stress–strain behavior of confined concrete, 1988a) and (1988b) (Theoretical stress-strain model of confined concrete., 1988b) scrutinized the performance of columns under seismic strain rates, revealing that optimal performance is achieved through meticulous identification of maximum stress and strain locations. The initial stage is to realize the specified attributes derived from SAAP200, which are then included into the ABAQUS finite model simulation. A Validation was conducted by finite model simulation process in Abaqus by comparing results with those presented by Guadagnuolo et al. (2020) to assess the accuracy and reliability of the methodology. The resulting Load vs Displacement relations are then subjected to validation based on property-centric criteria. The efficacy of outcomes is highlighted by presenting distinct load vs displacement curves for concrete columns at various pitch distances. Excessive spacing between hoops can result in early spalling and reduced strength, whereas an increased hoop area in the intermediate zone improves both load-carrying and deformation capabilities