Advanced Emergency Medicine (E-Journal)
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Research Progress on the Epidemiological Characteristics and Treatment of BP-Induced Melioidosis in China
Get PDFBurkholderia pseudomallei is a non-fermentative gram-negative bacterium that is positive for oxidase and enzyme, does not form spores and does not have metachromatic particles. It is the pathogen of human anthrax. Burkholderia melioides is easy to cultivate and has strong antimicrobial resistance. Although lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or capsular polysaccharide subunit vaccine can play a part of immune protection in mouse models, there is no effective vaccine for melioidosis. Melioidosis is a kind of zoonosis caused by Burkholderia melioides infection. In China, it is mainly prevalent in the southern region, with the focus of Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, etc. The main routes of infection include inhalation subcutaneous inoculation and skin damage infection, which are usually found in sewage, soil and paddy fields, and often caused by agricultural contact. It is estimated that there are about 165000 cases of people infected with melioidosis and 89000 deaths every year in the world, of which the incidence rate in South Asia, East Asia and the Pacific is 44%, 40%, and the mortality is 47% and 35% respectively [1]. Its lesions can involve all organs of the body, which is easy to cause high misdiagnosis rate and case fatality rate. As an endemic infectious disease, melioidosis has the characteristics of wide distribution, difficult diagnosis, strong latency, strong pathogenicity, and difficult treatment. Therefore, this article aims to improve the attention of Chinese medical workers to melioidosis, and makes a detailed review from the five aspects of pathogenic characteristics, epidemiological characteristics, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment, and prevention and control measures of melioidosis. To understand the epidemiological characteristics and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in patients with blood flow infection of paragangrene, and provide data support for the prevention and control of blood flow infection of paragangrene
A Case of Severe Pleural Effusion and Pulmonary Dysfunction Associated with Occupational Exposure to Asphalt Tar Smoke is Reported
Get PDFAsphalt and tar transportation personnel are often exposed to the polluted air environment of asphalt fumes, tar and diesel exhaust. This long-term occupational exposure can adversely affect lung function, causing fibrosis, pleural effusion, and inflammation. This paper reports a case of pleural effusion in a 35-year-old male who had been engaged in asphalt paving and transportation for 5 years. There was no occupational exposure protection during the working period. The patient had dyspnea, expectoration, and pleural effusion for more than 1 month. After admission, thoracic drainage and pleural cauterization dissection were performed, and the symptoms were relieved. However, pulmonary fibrosis and visceral pleural thickening are challenging to reverse, and patients still have pulmonary dysfunction and the risk of continuing to develop lung consolidation. Therefore, the personnel engaged in asphalt and tar transportation should be well-protected to reduce occupational exposure
Research Progress of CD73 in Cancer
Get PDFCD73 (NT5E, extracellular 5' nucleotidase) is a multifunctional glycoprotein encoded by the NT5E gene with a relative molecular weight of 70 kD that can be anchored to the outer surface of cell membranes by glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI).CD73 expression levels are aberrant in breast, colorectal, head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, gastric and hepatocellular carcinomas. However, the possible role and mechanism of CD73 in gastric carcinogenesis and development has not been clarified. In this paper, we will review the multiple roles of CD73 in tumour development, including the clinical significance of CD73, the promotion of tumour growth, metastasis and angiogenesis by CD73, the suppression of immune response by CD73, the regulatory mechanisms of CD73 expression, and the current status of CD73 anti-tumour therapy, with a view to providing a reference for subsequent studies
Progress of Clinical Research on the Treatment of Hyperplasia of Mammary Glands by Auricular Plaster Therapy
Get PDFHyperplasia of mammary glands (HMG), the most common benign breast disease in women of childbearing age, often has a long and recurrent course. Because of its mild pain, long-lasting efficacy, ease of operation, non-toxic side effects, ease of acceptance, and remarkable efficacy especially for pain, auricular plaster therapy has created a new way for the treatment of HMG. This article analyzes the efficacy of the current treatment of HMG by auricular plaster therapy, in order to pave the way for finding an ideal solution for the treatment of HMG by auricular plaster therapy in the future
Exploration of the Shared Gene Signatures and Molecular Mechanisms Between Diabetic Foot Ulcer and Diabetic Microvascular Disease
Get PDFBackground: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a serious complication of diabetes caused by multiple factors. Diabetic microvascular disease has a close linkage with DFU. However, the inter-relational mechanisms between them are still unclear. This article aimed to explore the shared gene signatures and potential molecular mechanisms in DFU and diabetic microvascular disease. Methods: In the GEO database, DFU microarray datasets (GSE80178, GSE68183) and diabetic microvascular disease microarray datasets (GSE43950) were downloaded. After data standardization processing, we used R software to analyze the transcriptome sequencing data of each data set to find the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of DFU and diabetic microvascular disease. Then obtained the overlapped DEGs in DFU and diabetic microvascular disease database by Jvenn. Finally, the shared DEGs were enriched by pathway enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis, and the hub gene was found by node analysis. Results: Totally, 1007 DEGs were identified in the GSE80178 dataset, 338 DEGs were identified in the GSE68183 dataset, 1154 were identified in the GSE43950 dataset, Venn diagram analyses showed that there were 14 shared DEGs in these datasets. Enrichment analysis shows that the shared DEGs were mainly associated with chronic inflammatory response, leukocyte migration, cellular transition metal ion homeostasis, vascular wound healing, collagen-containing extracellular matrix and Toll-like receptor binding. Involved pathways were mainly enriched in IL-17 signaling, glycosaminoglycan degradation, and calcium signaling. PPI analysis of these shared DEGs shows that S100A9, S100A8, CSTA, ADAP2, CD34 and FGL2 were the hub gene whose plays a pivotal role in DFU.Conclusion: Our work has identified several new DFU candidate genes that can be used as biomarkers or potential therapeutic targets
The Relationship Between Core Knowledge of Tuberculosis and Mental Health: a Cross-Sectional Study Among University Students in Xizang
Get PDFThe relationship between core knowledge of TB and mental health among students in a university was investigated. The results showed that the overall knowledge rate of core knowledge of tuberculosis was 71%. The main effects of coping style and standard level on mental health, anxiety, and self-denial were significant. In terms of mental health, the results had borderline significant, and the positive attitude of the "not up to standard" participants was conducive to a good mental state. This suggests that schools should not only strengthen the education of students on TB prevention and control but also cultivate positive attitudes among students
Research Progress on the Effect of 5-Methyltetrahydrofolic Acid on Hyperhomocysteinemia in Pregnancy
Get PDFAs the association of hyperhomocysteinemia in pregnancy with preterm birth, abortion, preeclampsia and other pregnancy compli-cations has attracted increasing attention, 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid has attracted much attention as a potential treatment. In this paper, the biological mechanism of 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid, its relationship with hyperhomocysteinemia in pregnancy and clinical studies were reviewed to review the research progress of 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid in regulating hyperhomocysteine levels in pregnancy. The purpose of this paper is to explore the role and infuence of 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid in the management of hyperhomocysteinemia during preg-nancy
Research Progress on the Role of M6A Methylation Modification in the Genesis and Development of GC
Get PDFModifcation of M6ARNAmethylation is the most prevalent form of RNAediting in eukaryotic organisms. The m6A-methylated regulatory protein is intimately associated with biological processes, including GC proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. This protein is anticipated to serve as a target for the clinical treatment of GC in the future. This comprehensive review delineates the most recent advance-ments and clinical implications of m6Aaberrant modifcation in GC, aiming to furnish a novel research avenue for the exploration of GC’s future direction
Clinical Efficacy and Prognosis of Budesonide Nasal Spray in the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis
Get PDFTo explore the clinical efcacy of budesonide nasal spray in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Methods: 100 patients with allergic rhinitis who received treatment in our hospital from January 2022 to January 2023 were selected as the study subjects. Patients were ran-domly divided into two groups, a control group and an experimental group, with 50 patients in each group. Both groups of patients require treatment with loratadine. On this basis, patients in the experimental group were more likely to use budesonide nasal spray than patients in the control group. Observe the efcacy and adverse reactions of the two groups of patients. Results: The treatment efect and recurrence rate of rhinitis in the experimental group were better than those in the control group, and the treatment efect was good. The recurrence rate of pa-tients was also decreasing. There was no signifcant diference in adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion The exper-imental group of budesonide nasal spray has good efcacy and prognosis in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, with safety assurance and ideal application efect, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application
A Review of Nanoparticles in Treatment of Myocardiac Ischemic-Reperfusion Injury
Get PDFMyocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury is a kind of pathologic physiology, clinical refers to, when myocardial or coronary artery in patients with partial completeness of acute obstruction, and leads to ischemia after a period of time, restore blood supply, at this time although the myocardium and coronary ischemia returned to normal perfusion, but they are so tissue level by damage, seriously affecting the prognosis of patients with myocardial infarction. Studies have proved that the injury caused by reperfusion is even more serious than that caused by ischemia itself. The mechanisms leading to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury mainly include :(1) calcium overload due to recovery of oxygen supply; (2) cardiac ultrastructural changes; (3) lipid peroxidation; (4) leukocyte infiltration; (5) Increase of free radical reactive oxygen species. Different approaches have been used clinically to reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury, including medication, pretreatment and post-treatment. In recent years, the targeting ability of nano-agents has been used to make drugs highly concentrated at the injury site, thus improving the therapeutic effect of drugs for ischemic-reperfusion injury. This emerging medication method has gradually entered the field of vision of experimental researchers and doctors. This review summarizes the successful development of nanoparticles for the treatment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury