Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture, Montanology, Cadastre Series
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BASAL STERILITY OF WHEAT EARS - INDEX OF SENSITIVITY TO DELAYED SPRING FROZEN AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH YIELD AND PRODUCTIVITY ELEMENTS, IN THE CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF 2020 YEAR AT ARDS CARACAL
Get PDFThe special climatic conditions manifested in the spring of 2020 at ARDS Caracal by the appearance of frosts delayed for 2 consecutive days, brought changes in the architecture of the wheat ear by the appearance of the phenomenon of basal sterility. For 200 wheat varieties of different origins (Romanian, French, Austrian, German, Swiss, mixed, hybrid wheat germplasm) the basal sterility manifested was determined at maturity. Ten ears of each variety / replication constituted the analyzed sample. Mixed germplasm (52 wheat varieties from all over Europe) had an basal sterility average rate of 11.4% - the lowest in the experiment. At the opposite pole was the German germplasm with an average percentage of 17.1%. The lowest amplitudes between the maximum and minimum valuesof basal sterility were recorded in hybrid wheat and Romanian germplasm (13.5-13.6%). The highest amplitude was recorded in the French germplasm – 19,1 %. The correlations performed highlighted the distinctly significant negative relationship between the basal sterility and the yield obtained; the significant positive relationship between yield and the note reflecting frost resistance; the significant negative relationship between the test weight and the days from 01.01 to heading date
THE BEHAVIOUR OF CERTAIN SORGHUM HYBRIDS CULTIVATED FOR FODDER IN THE CENTRAL AREA OF OLTENIA
Get PDFAs it is known, sorghum is the plant specific to warm areas. Therefore, for the ecopedological conditions in our research area, it adapts quite well.Out of the 6 (six) sorghum hybrids cultivated for fodder on the luvisol from SCDA Şimnic (in 2020), the ES ALIZE hybrid stood out, which achieved a grain production of 7.8 t/ha dry substance, followed by ES FOEHN hybrids 7.4 t/ha grain dry matter, ARKANCIEL 6.8 t/ha grain dry matter, ALBANUS and KALATUR 6.7 t/ha grain dry matter and ARSKY 5.9 t/ha grain dry matter
BIOTECHNOLOGIES AND THEIR USE IN WHEAT RESEARCH IN ROMANIA
Get PDFBiotechnology tools seemed a true challenge 50 years ago, but proved to be a huge opportunity for agriculture by the techniques of manipulating the genes of plants, animals, and microorganisms. Remarkable advances were made for the improvement of agricultural species both through traditional breeding and through techniques of molecular biology. Using these methods people manipulate a natural process to produce varieties of organisms that display desired characteristics, such as disease resistant crops or food animals, but there are few major differences between these methods of gene transfer which lie neither in goals nor processes, but rather in speed, precision, reliability and scope. In traditional breeding many crosses are necessary before the ''right'' chance recombination of genes results in offspring while biotechnological methods can insert individual genes for specific traits directly into an established genome, so by gene transfer can shorten the time required to develop new varieties
USE OF TOTAL STATIONS AND GNSS EQUIPMENT IN THE REALIZATION OF CADASTRE DOCUMENTATIONS FOR THE FIRST REGISTRATION IN THE LAND BOOK
Get PDFThe paper presents an example of the use of total stations in combination with GNSS technology in order to obtain the topo-cadastral documentation of the first registration in the Land Book of a property. The elaboration of the documentation for a building located in Craiova, Brestei Street was studied. The building is composed of urban land with the category of use courtyards on which two constructions are built, one with the residential destination and the other with the annex destination. At the basis of the elaboration of the cadastral documentation were the measurements performed with the total station Trimble 3300 and the GNSS receiver Topcon GR3
THE QUALITY OF WHEAT FLOUR AT SOME COMPANIES IN DOLJ
Get PDFIn this paper we studied the quality of wheat flour from various companies in Dolj County. In order to study the quality of the flour, we analyzed the following indicators: wet gluten content, falling number, sedimentation test, gluten deformation index, gluten index, farinograph test, allveograph test, which are currently used in the panification industry.Analyzing these indices we can conclude that the soil is the main factor that influences the quality of flour
THE POTENTIAL FOR USING MICROORGANISMS IN FOOD BIOTECHNOLOGY
Get PDFMicroorganisms are complex systems, mono or multicellular, with prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells, endowed with their own metabolism and genetic continuity, very diverse in shape, size and metabolic activity. The microorganisms used in biotechnologies are known as useful microorganisms, used in the form of starter cultures for fermentation processes which are the basis for the development of the food industry: fermentative yeasts used in the beer production, wine, ethyl alcohol, bakery; lactic and propionic bacteria used in the dairy industry and in food preservation, etc.The agri-food field is one of the great beneficiaries of the development of biotechnology, being able to provide in the near future most of the raw materials needed for human food. Technological processes for obtaining food, with some exceptions (sugar industry, oil plants industry, milling industry), are biotechnologies that are based on the use of microorganisms or their metabolites
CONSIDERATIONS CONCERNING THE AUTOMATION OF PROTECTED SPACES
Get PDFIn the last period there is an intensification of the researches oriented towards the automation of the specific activities of the horticultural production in protected spaces. The greenhouses offer a shelter in which a microclimate suitable for plants is maintained, which is obtained by regulating / adjusting the heat and the amount of light coming from the sun, by means of actuation systems (actuators-technical devices that generate an action to reach a specific objective). The paper presents a brief communication on the main drive systems used in greenhouses: ventilation and cooling systems; heating systems; irrigation systems, whose drive systems are mainly composed of electrical devices, especially electric motors or pump
THE STUDY OF ACCLIMATIZATION OF GRAPES OF MEDITERRANEAN ORIGIN TO THE WEATHER CONDITIONS OF THE WINE-GROWING REGIONS OF SEGARCEA
Get PDFThis study was carried out during 2019-2020 on plots belonging to the wine-growing areas of Segarcea, famous wine areas in point of extracting red wine with remarkable qualities in the south of the country. The significance of the work consists in improving the useful climate of the wi ne area of Segarcea by introducing into the culture beside black grapes varieties, renowned varieties like Feteascăneagră, Merlot, Cabernet-Sauvignon, Pinot noir, etc., other grape varieties of Mediteranean origin, such as Syrah and Marselan. The aim is to rigorously monitor the weather conditions with a direct impact on the soils with a production potential, observing the dynamics of its establishment and maturation index for each variety during the period studied
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SORGHUM HYBRIDS IN THE CENTRAL AREA OF OLTENIA, IN THE CONDITIONS OF YEAR 2021
Get PDF Most annual fodder crops, of which sorghum is a part, fall into the group of energy crops. The researches carried out on the luvisol from SCDA Şimnic Craiova, with sorghum hybrids at the level of year 2021, showed that they behaved well, considering the rather harsh ecological conditions during the vegetation period. The obtained results highlighted the superiority of sorghum hybrids ES ALIZE (7.9 t/ha dry substance grain and 8.8 t/ha dry substance stems + leaves) respectively ES FOEHN (7.2 t/ha dry substance grain and 7.9 t/ha dry substance stems + leaves)
RESEARCH REGARDING LABORATORY TESTING OF SOIL PROCESSING EQUIPMENT USING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRO-OSMOSIS
Get PDFElectro-osmosis principle consists of the application of a direct current voltage for an anode-cathode system introduced into soil. The soil water transported from the anode to cathode, on the tool-soil contact surface will produce a lubrification of an active surface and through this a great decreasing of the friction forces and implicit of the energy needed for displacing the tool through the soil. The active surface of the tilling tool is chosen in order to minimize the frictions, respective the mechanic energies needed for tilling. This paper aims to increase the popularization of the electro-osmosis technique, highlighting the advantages of using such a method for soil improvements, as well as in view of optimizing the functional parameters of the soil tillage equipment