Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture, Montanology, Cadastre Series
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APPRECIATIONS REGARDING THE EFFECT OF SOME FUNGAL MYCOTOXINS ON DAIRY COWS FORAGE
Get PDFThe contamination of the forage crops with mycotoxigenic fungi before and after harvesting is a world problem. Most of the species producing mycotoxins are filamentous ascomycetes, basidiomycetes or deuteromycetes. Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium are the most important types. By analysing the proportion of different types of fungi in the 7 analysed forage samples, we found that 100% of the samples were contaminated with Aspergillus spp., 57,14% with Penicillium spp, 42,85% with Cladosporium spp. And Mucor spp., 44,28% with Rhizopus spp. The Aspergillus and Penicillium species were found on maize grains and sunflower seeds. There were 7x103 of them per forage gram. In general, we isolated more than 50 fungi species from the cereal seeds. It is worth to note that barley, sunflower meal and peas had fungal contamination of 2x103, 2x103 and 1x103 per forage gram and they respect the maximum limits of 5x103 colonies per forage gram.The great effect of 100% of the Aspergillus species and of 57,14% of the Penicillium species, both of them having mycotoxigenic potential, suggests that these forage samples should be further researched due to the natural presence of mycotoxinsÂ
WHERE ARE THE FOREIGN WHEAT CULTIVARS IN COMPETITION WITH THE ROMANIAN CULTIVARS? -EXPERIMENTS ON THE CHERNOZEM FROM CARACAL IN THE PERIOD 2019-2021
Get PDFIn the period 2019-2021, 131 cultivars of winter wheat were tested on the chernozem from Caracal in a network of within- and between-annual experiments (1-12 experiments located in 1-3 years). The study was performed only on the cultivars tested in at least 3 experiments (77 cultivars), grouped in 7 categories: Romanian cultivars (17), SYNGENTA cultivars (10), LIDEA cultivars (14), LG cultivars (7), AXEREAL cultivars (7), KWS cultivars (6), cultivars of various origins (16). Forty- four of the cultivars were tested in each of the 3 years studied, the average yields being between 10599 kg / ha for the Anapurna cultivar and 6793 kg / ha for the Bezostaia cultivar. In the top 15 were the Romanian cultivars Biharia (9843 kg / ha), Miranda (9701 kg / ha) and Abundent (9630 kg / ha)
AGRICULTURE 5.0 - REVIEW
Get PDFAgriculture has always been an area of great interest when it comes to development and innovation. We are currently living in the age of agriculture 4.0 which is on the rise. That is why we will reach agriculture 5.0 which will be marked by the introduction of artificial intelligence,biotechnology and big data analysis, which will increase the performance, productivity and accuracy of automation
ANALYSIS OF THE STATE OF STRESSES AND STRAINS IN THE CURVED STILT, USING TRIANGULAR FINITE ELEMENTS (CST)
Get PDFThe paper presents a study on the analysis of the distribution of stresses and strains in the curved stilt of the plough-body, using the Finite Element Method. Modeling was performed with the help of triangular finite elements "CST" (Constant Strain Triangle), using a special program for this type of applications "CSTPL.EXE", developed at University Politehnica of Bucharest, Department of Materials Strength
THE EFFECTS OF THE TREATMENT WITH FUNGICIDES ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN VITIS VINIFERA L. ATTACKED BY UNCINULA NECATOR (SCHW.) BURR. PATHOGEN
Get PDFThe effects of treatment with fungicides on the physiological processes were observed in Vitis vinifera L. plants cultivated in the climatic conditions in Oltenia region.The physiological analyzes were performed on July 18th 2021, both for plants treated with Dithane M-45 (0,2%), in four phases, at 12 days interval and also for the plants attacked by Uncinula necator (Schv.) Burr. in which treatments have not been performed. In the Vitis vinifera L. plants attacked by Uncinula necator (Schv.) it was observed that the physiological processes intensity is lower as a result of the reduction of the assimilation surface due to the covering of the leaves with the mycelium of the fungus, the appearance of whitish spots and the browning of the tissues, in comparison with the plants in which fungicide treatments have been performed
STRUCTURAL STATIC ANALYSIS OF THE CURVED STILT BY FEM USING THE ELCUT PROGRAM
Get PDFThe paper presents a study of the distribution of stresses and strains in the curved stilt of the plough-body, using the ELCUT analysis program by the finite element method. In its public version, the program allows the static structural analysis in three stages of precision. However, there are some limitations on the number of nodes for the discretized structure, depending on its complexity (250 to 500 nodes)
LOCATION OF THE REFRIGERATION HALL ON THE BASIS OF THE GEOTECHNICAL STUDY IN THE PERIURBAN AREA OF CRAIOVA
Get PDFÂ The geotechnical exploration works performed in the site area aim to provide the data necessary to solve the issues related to location and morphological data, classification in the geotechnical category, investigation of the foundation land, data on lithology and physical-mechanical characteristics of the land, foundation conditions. In this sense, two geotechnical drillings were performed, dynamic penetration tests and the stratification, granulometry and physical and mechanical characteristics were studied. From the analysis of the obtained results it results that the site has a slight slope with EV orientation, it is stable when sliding, the ground is good for foundation on 0.0-6.0 m depth, the aquifer horizon is over 7.0 m depth, the values of conventional pressure are of 189 kPa for Df = 0.8 m and B = 0.6 m and respectively 288 kPa for Df = 4.0 m and B = 2.0 m, the land presents a moderate geotechnical risk and a degree of seismicity 82
TECHNOLOGIES AND TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT FOR HEMP FIBER CROP
Get PDFHemp is not a crop prohibited or restricted by law, only that such a plantation must be authorized and monitored by the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development.The paper will present the partial results obtained in a research project in which a piece of equipment for harvesting green hemp stems was grounded and made in order to process these stems to obtain fibers. The purpose of this paper is to present a review of existing mechanical harvesting systems for hemp fiber crops with special reference to hemp
VERIFICATION OF THE ROOTSTOCK ON THE INFLUENCE ON THE GROWTH AND FRUITING PROCESS TO SOME VARIETIES OF APRICOTS
Get PDFIn order to achieve a balance between growth and fruiting, we need to know the peculiarities of growing and fruiting apricot varieties in different areas of the country, in different climatic conditions and under the influence of different rootstocks. From the analysis of the root system we conclude that varieties with a more developed root system, such as NJA 42 have a higher vigor, and varieties with a more superficial root system, give the trees a lower vigor. Varieties with thicker roots in greater numbers, help the absorption of nutrients from the soil, helping the normal development of trees. The study of the peculiarities of tree growth, can specify the way of cutting the respective species, the optimal choice of the crown shape as well as the way of forming the crown. According to the obtained data, we specify that the first order branches represent 30.6% of the total length of the skeleton, and the second order branches represent 69.2%. In the southern part of the country, the researched apricot varieties have demonstrated their favorability for this area, through superior quantity and quality
AGRICULTURE 4.0 - A CHALLENGE FOR ROMANIAN AGRICULTURE
Get PDFGiven that the labor market in Romania has an acute shortage of labor (about 1 million people), in agriculture this lack is felt even more acutely because the population in the villages is declining and aging, thus it is increasingly difficult for Romanian farmers to find labor, let alone skilled labor. One solution can be the digitization of agriculture, ie the introduction of the latest management concepts, sensors, automation, robots, etc. in the modernization of work processes in agriculture, thus reducing the need for labor, while increasing productivity and efficiency in agriculture