Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture, Montanology, Cadastre Series
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SURVEYING AND MAPPING OF OPEN PIT MINES
Get PDFSurveys of open pit mines combine characteristics of engineering and topographic surveys. The surveyor provides guidance for miners to develop mining operations according to the earlier-established mine plan, then surveys the progress of mining and develops maps and models representing its current state. The maps and models are used for calculating the volumes and tonnages mined and for reconciling mining progress with the mine plan. Surveying of open pits usually involves the following activities:a. establishment of a mine survey control network;b. detailed topographic surveying of open pit and waste dumps;c. data processing to calculate mined volumes and tonnages;d. stability control surveys of open-pit and waste dump slopes;e. support surveys for earthmoving-machine control systems
STUDY ON THE SITUATION OF ANTI-EROSIONALLY ARRANGED LANDS FOR SOUTH-WEST OLTENIA REGION
Get PDFIn this paper there is presented the average of the anti-erosionally arranged areas in the period 2015-2019, in the South-west Oltenia region. These were of 281097 ha of which the agricultural area 264897 ha (94.24%) and the non-agricultural area 16200 ha (5,76%). Within the agricultural area, the arable land arranged against erosion represents almost half of the total agricultural area (48.81%), while the area occupied by vineyards and nursery is the smallest, respectively 3.93%. At county level, Mehedinti County has the largest agricultural area anti-erosionally arranged, namely 83628 ha, while Olt County is at the opposite pole with 25965 ha. Regarding the situation by way of use, at county level, Mehedinti has the largest arable areas (46219%) and natural pastures (33.06%), Valcea County has the largest areas with orchards and fruit nurseries (47, 67%) and with vineyards and viticultural nurseries (48.16%), and Gorj County has the largest area of natural grasslands (61.59%)
TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF RYE CULTIVATED IN THE CONDITIONS OF SANDY SOILS IN SOUTHERN OLTENIA
Get PDFRye (Secale cereale L.) is an important crop in Europe, where it occupies about 90% of the world's area cultivated with this cereal (FAOSTAT, 2018), mainly in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The main research highlights the mechanisms of adaptation of rye culture to climate change, aimed at identifying genotypes that have a good behavior in culture under conditions of abiotic (thermohydric) and biotic stress (pathogens and pests) in order of restoring the production capacity and protection of agroecosystems in the area of sandy soils by promoting in culture some genotypes tolerant to thermohydric stress. In the two experimented years of 2020 and 2021 the obtained results prove the new genotypes promoted on the market had a higher capacity of production than the Control (Suceveana variety), with an average yield of over 4555 kg/ha registered at Serafino genotype in the conditions of a sandy soil with a low natural fertility, poorly supplied with total nitrogen (0.05-0.07%). In average, during the tested years, the attack frequencies of pests manifested in the comparative rye culture, as well as the attack intensities did not show significant differences from one variety to another, significant differences compared to the control variety (Suceveana) being observed only in the case of Serafino variety.Â
PHYSIOLOGICAL MODIFICATIONS PRODUCED BY TAPHRINA DEFORMANS (BERK.) TUL. IN PERSICA VULGARIS MILLER CULTIVATED IN THE CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF OLTENIA REGION
Get PDFThe researches regarding physiological modification produced in Persica vulgaris Miller due to the attack produced by Taphrina deformans (Berk.) Tul. were performed on Champion variety cultivated in the climatic conditions in Oltenia Region.In the leaves of the peach attacked by the pathogen it is observed that the physiological processes intensity presents specific variations due the damaging action of the pathogen and of the climatic conditions. The photosynthesis and transpiration`s intensity in the attacked leaves is similar to that in the healthy leaves, but the recorded values are lower due to the reduction of the assimilation surface of the leaf due to the appearance of reddish-yellow spots and tissue deformation. The attacked leaves present a decrease of chlorophyll and water content, fact manifested by withering and drying of the leaves
RESEARCH ON THE INFLUENCE OF PLANTING DENSITY ON BIOMASS PRODUCTION IN JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE GROWN ON SANDY SOILS
Get PDFJerusalem artichoke is a species with high production potential, resistance to diseases and pests, with good tolerance to variations in climatic factors. Research conducted showed that the highest production of above-ground biomass of 64779 kg / ha was obtained at a planting distance of 40 cm between plants in a row. Analyzing the interaction between the studied factors (planting density x fertilization doses) on the production of fresh tubers, it is found that the distance of 40 cm between plants / row and the level of fertilization of N120P120 K80 ensured the highest production of 41671 kg / ha fresh tubers / ha, not statistically insured
STUDIES ON THE MAIN CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND QUALITY INDICES OF RED WINES FROM THE MAIN VINEYARDS IN OLTENIA
Get PDFRecently, worldwide, there has been a decrease in wine consumption, as the consumer has become much more attentive to the quality of this food, refusing products that do not meet certain standards. At the same time, the new world wine regions specialize in quality production, coming on the market with a varied offer and at a convenient price. The fame of the particularly pleasant characteristics of Romanian wines is given not only by the extremely high value of several local varieties, which have given fame to some wine centers: Fetească alba by Alba Iulia, Grasa by Cotnari, Tămâioasă by Drăgăşani, or by Pietroasele, Busuioacă by Bohotin, Fetească neagră de Nicoreşti, Negru de Dragasani, etc., but also the fact that the most famous foreign varieties, which made famous certain regions and countries (Traminer, Sauvignon, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinot), cultivated in Romania wines that have often equaled or surpassed, by their "generosity" and finesse, those of the countries of origin. For wine and especially red wine, it is important to establish its typicality and authenticity due to its impact on the large mass of knowledgeable consumers who value quality and safety.Â
RESEARCHES ON THE PROTECTION OF VINEYARDS AND ORCHARDS AGAINST SPRING FROSTS USING HEAT AND SMOKE AND USING THE RESULTING ASH AS SOIL AMENDMENT
Get PDFOrchards and vineyards can be exposed to climatic phenomena with unfavorable effects on tree growth and fruiting, such as: winter frosts, frosts and late spring frosts, hail, icing, etc. Smoke and heat are a valuable ally of fruit and vine growers, often intervening in preventing and limiting the negative effects of frosts and frosts on fruit trees and vines during the periods of budding, flowering and fruit binding. The accident is due to the freezing of water in the cellular structure of the vegetative organs (flower buds, buds, flowers, leaves). The paper presents a method of the protection for orchards and vineyards against hoar and late frosts as well as the possibility to use the resulting ash as soil amendment
TAXONOMIC, CHOROLOGIC AND COENO-ECOLOGIC FEATURES OF THE ALCHEMILLA COLORATA SPECIES
Get PDFMonographic research on the Alchemilla genus has been motivated by its complexity. Alchemilla species are mountainous, subalpine and alpine plants, perennial, small to medium. Their identification is usually difficult. The aim was to find new characters and criteria for the most precise delimitation of the different microspecies. Apart from the delimitation and description of species of this genus and in addition to morphological criteria, other criteria are required, such as ecology, chorology, phytogeography, karyology etc. Alchemilla colorata, analyzed in this paper, is a microspecies that has separated itself from the aggregate species Alchemilla hybrida (L.) Mill. In addition to taxonomy information, ceno-ecological characteristics and new data on the chorology of this taxon in the Romanian Carpathians are presented.Â
USE OF MODERN TECHNIQUE IN PREPARING THE TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION FOR THE REGISTRATION IN THE LAND BOOK OF A PROPERTY
Get PDFThe paper presents the way of drawing up the cadastral documentation for the first registration in the Land Book of a property. The total station and GNSS receivers were used as topographic devices for measurements, which offered a high accuracy of the measured data and a shortening of the time spent in the field. The data processing and the elaboration of the documentation was done through specialized programs (Toposys, Autocad). As the surveying method was used the method of closed planimetric traverse supported on known coordinate points (previously determined with GNSS technology), combined with the method of polar coordinates
STUDY ON THE SOILS OF GORJ COUNTY AND THEIR QUALITY
Get PDFConsidering the natural environment, as well as the existing environmental conditions in the GorjCounty, a great variety of soils have evolved, at the county level, the soils falling into eight soil classes, on an area of 192,405.22 ha and complexes and associations of soils on an area of 51,362.78 ha. The distribution of the lands on quality classes was done following the rating. The rating was made according to the soil, relief and climate. Regarding the average by quality classes, the agricultural area of the Gorj County falls into the fourth quality class with an average score of 36 points