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Effect of season during late gestation on metabolic alterations, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress status in dairy cows and offspring
No full textThis study investigated oxidative stress, metabolic and inflammatory alterations, health status, and milk production in dairy cows that experienced heat stress in the dry period, and the effects on their newborn calves. The study material comprised 53 healthy Holstein cows, of which some experienced heat stress during the dry period (summer group; n = 25) whereas others did not (winter group; n = 28). The cows' body condition score and lactation number ranges were 3.0-3.5 and 2-5, respectively. Blood sampling for the cows was performed 21 days before the expected calving date and at the actual calving time, and for the calves immediately after birth (before colostrum intake) and at 24 h after birth. Each cow was sampled for colostrum from the first milking after calving. The serum samples of both cows and calves were analyzed for inflammatory parameters (haptoglobin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-10, IL-6, IL-1 beta, interferon gamma (IFN-gamma)), oxidative stress indicators (malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase, nitric oxide (NO), paraoxanase (PON), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI)), and metabolic parameters (total protein (TP), creatinine, albumin, bilirubin, cholesterol, alkaline phosphatase (ALP)). The colostrum samples were analyzed for both immunoglobulin G (IgG) and lactoferrin concentrations, while the calves' blood samples at 24 h after birth were analyzed for IgG concentration. Comparing the summer and winter group animals, respiratory rates (70.8 + 13.3 and 42.4 + 6.8, respectively) and rectal temperature (39.6 + 0.4 degrees C and 39.0 + 0.3 degrees C, respectively) were higher in the summer group animals. The gestation length was 7 days shorter in the summer group than winter group (270.21 +/- 6.69 days and 277.44 +/- 4.26 days, respectively), while colostral IgG concentration was lower (154.17 +/- 56.96 mg/dl and 224.51 +/- 91.10 mg/dl, respectively). Metritis/clinical endometritis incidence was higher in summer group. Cows in the summer group presented with lower serum cholesterol, ALP, IL-10, TNF-alpha, OSI, and catalase levels, and increased serum TP, MDA, NO, SOD, and GSH-Px levels. Calves born to the summer group cows displayed decreased serum ALP activity and increased serum MDA, NO, catalase, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-1 beta, and haptoglobin levels. In conclusion, experience of heat stress during the summer dry period led to: 1) induction of oxidative stress and disruption of metabolic processes in the dairy cows; 2) induction of oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions in their newborn calves; 3) higher incidence of postpartum health problems and milk yield losses in the dairy cows
Early Midazolam Infusion in Pediatric Status Epilepticus: Defining an Early Therapeutic Window for Seizure Control
No full textAdherence to Oral Nutritional Support and Its Effect on Nutritional Status in Pediatric Oncology Patients
No full textChildren with cancer frequently suffer from malnutrition caused by their disease and treatments. This study examines the rates of malnutrition, compliance with nutritional therapy, and its impact on nutritional status in pediatric cancer patients. This multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted between 2021 and 2023 at 12 pediatric hematology and oncology clinics. This study included 385 patients (aged 0.3-18 years) with leukemia-lymphoma and solid tumors that are currently on or had newly started oral nutritional supplement (ONS) treatment. Anthropometric measurements, mid-upper-arm-circumference (MUAC), body mass index (BMI), weight-for-age (WFA), were collected, and malnutrition risk was evaluated by the nutrition screening tool for childhood cancer (SCAN). Baseline WFA-based malnutrition was 31.0%, increasing to 38.5%, while SCAN >= 3 was 83.8% decreasing to 72.4% at the sixth month. Malnutrition risk was more common in sarcoma and central nervous system tumor patients. ONS adherence decreased across all cancer types during the follow-up period. Adherent patients demonstrated higher BMI scores during the study period and MUAC z-scores in the last 2 months compared to the non-adherent group (P < 0.04). Our study demonstrates that the use of validated nutrition screening tools, together with adherence strategies, can lead to increased weight-for-age and lower malnutrition risk screening scores
GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy is associated with reduced atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation: a meta-analysis
No full textThe effect of a mobile application robot developed for Pediatric diabetes management on children's quality of life, diabetes self-management, and physiological parameters
No full textPurpose This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a mobile application robot developed to support Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) management in children, by examining its impact on children's quality of life, diabetes self-management, and physiological parameters such as HbA1c and blood glucose levels. Design and methods A pretest-posttest experimental design with control and intervention groups was used. The sample consisted of 60 children with T1DM, randomly assigned to intervention (n = 30) and control (n = 30) groups. Data were collected using the Socio-Demographic Data Form, Diabetes Self-Management Scale for Children and Parents, and the Quality of Life Scale in Children with Diabetes Mellitus. The intervention group received educational modules and personalized exercise videos via a mobile application robot. Data were analyzed using repeated measures MANOVA, one-way repeated measures ANOVA, and Bonferroni-corrected paired t -tests. Results There was no significant difference in socio-demographic characteristics between groups (p > .05). Significant improvements were found in diabetes self-management scores in children over time and for the group*time interaction (p .05). Parental self-management scores showed significant differences over time, between groups, and in group*time interaction (p < .05). The intervention group also demonstrated significantly lower mean HbA1c and blood glucose levels over time (p < .05). Conclusion The mobile application robot positively influenced diabetes self-management and physiological parameters in children with T1DM. The intervention also enhanced parental involvement in diabetes management. These findings highlight the potential of mobile health technologies in pediatric diabetes care. Practice implications The integration of mobile application robots into routine diabetes education may enhance both self-management behaviors and metabolic control in children with T1DM. Healthcare professionals, particularly pediatric nurses, should consider incorporating such technologies to support comprehensive diabetes care and family-centered interventions. *: refers to group time interaction
Dijital Çağda Coğrafya Eğitimi ve Afet Farkındalığı: Torbalı’da CBS Tabanlı Yerleşim Uygunluğu Analizi
No full textBu çalışmanın temel amacı İzmir ili Torbalı ilçesinde Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) ortamında yerleşimeuygunluk analizini gerçekleştirerek sürdürülebilir kentsel gelişime yönelik öneriler sunmak ve elde edilen bulgularüzerinden CBS’nin coğrafya eğitimi ile afet yönetimindeki önemini tartışmaktır. Son yıllarda Torbalı hızlı nüfusartışı, göç hareketleri ve sanayi yatırımlarının yoğunlaşmasıyla hızla dikkat çeken bir gelişim sürecine girmiştir.Bu durum özellikle verimli tarım alanları üzerindeki yapılaşma baskısını artırmakta ve doğal çevreyle uyumsuzmekânsal genişlemeler nedeniyle planlı bir yerleşim sürecine olan ihtiyacı ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Çalışma Torbalıözelinde yürütülen yerleşime uygunluk analizi ile yalnızca mekânsal planlamaya katkı sunmamakta bununlabirlikte coğrafya eğitiminde CBS’nin ve afet farkındalığının kullanımına yönelik güçlü bir örnek ortayakoymaktadır. Araştırmada CBS ve Uzaktan Algılama (UA) teknikleri kullanılarak çok ölçütlü karar vermeyaklaşımlarından Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHP) yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında jeoloji, arazikullanımı, arazi kullanım kabiliyeti, eğim, bakı, yükseklik, erozyon ve su kaynaklarına mesafe olmak üzere sekizkriter belirlenmiş ve bu kriterler AHP yöntemi ile ağırlıklandırılmıştır. Mekânsal veriler; Copernicus Corine,MTA, USGS EarthExplorer, TRGM verileri ve OpenStreetMap gibi ulusal ve uluslararası veri tabanlarından teminedilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler CBS ortamında işlenerek uygunluk sınıflarına ayrılarak kriterlerin sahadakidağılımları karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre Torbalı ilçesinde yerleşime “çokuygun” alanların oranı %4,5 iken, “orta uygun” alanlar %44,0 ve “az uygun” alanlar %51,5 oranında dağılımgöstermektedir. Özellikle ova tabanında bulunan verimli tarım alanlarının ve alüvyon zeminlerin yapılaşmaaçısından yüksek risk taşıdığı belirlenmiştir. Bu bulgular afet risklerinin azaltılması, güvenli yaşam alanlarınınbelirlenmesi ve risk temelli planlamaların geliştirilmesi açısından önemli ipuçları sunmaktadır. Böylece CBStabanlı analizlerin yalnızca mekânsal planlama için değil afet yönetimi süreçlerinde de önemli bir araç olduğuaçıklanmıştır. Bu sonuçların eğitim boyutunda da önemli yansımaları bulunmaktadır. Coğrafya derslerinde bu türçalışmaların örnek vaka olarak kullanılması, öğrencilerin coğrafi bakış, mekânsal düşünme, analitik problemçözme ve çevresel farkındalık becerilerini geliştirmektedir. Aynı zamanda afet yönetimi boyutuyla birleştiğinde,öğrencilere yalnızca yer seçimi ve planlama değil aynı zamanda risklerin farkına varma, önlem alma ve afetlerehazırlıklı olma bilinci de kazandırmaktadır. Bu bağlamda CBS, yalnızca harita yapmak için kullanılan bir araçdeğil aynı zamanda disiplinler arası öğrenmeyi destekleyen coğrafya eğitimini dijital çağın gereklerine uyarlayanbir yöntem olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Sonuç olarak Torbalı ilçesi üzerinde gerçekleştirilen CBS tabanlı yerleşimeuygunluk analizi, Türkiye Yüzyılı Maarif Modeli’nde coğrafya derslerine kazandırılmak istenen dijital beceriler,afet farkındalığı ve risk yönetimi yeterlilikleriyle doğrudan örtüşmektedir. Çalışma hem öğretmenler hem deöğrenciler açısından gerçek yaşam örneklerini derslere entegre edebilecek nitelikte olup sürdürülebilir mekânsalgelişim, afet risklerinin azaltılması ve çağın gereklerine uyumlu bir coğrafya eğitimi için yol gösterici bir modelortaya koymaktadır.The primary objective of this study is to conduct a settlement suitability analysis for Torbalı District inİzmir Province using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and to provide recommendations for sustainableurban development, while discussing the significance of GIS in geography education and disaster managementbased on the findings. In recent years, Torbalı has experienced rapid population growth, increased migration, andintensified industrial investment, leading to significant development pressures. This process has heightened theencroachment on fertile agricultural land and triggered unplanned spatial expansion incompatible with the naturalenvironment, emphasizing the need for systematic settlement planning. Beyond contributing to spatial planningthrough this case-specific analysis, the study also demonstrates the pedagogical value of GIS and disasterawareness in geography education. GIS and Remote Sensing (RS) techniques were employed in this researchalongside the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), a multi-criteria decision-making approach. Eight criteria wereselected: geology, land use, land capability, slope, aspect, elevation, erosion, and proximity to water resources.These criteria were weighted using AHP, and spatial datasets were obtained from both national and internationalsources, including Copernicus CORINE, MTA, USGS EarthExplorer, TRGM datasets, and OpenStreetMap. Theprocessed data were classified into suitability categories within a GIS environment, and their spatial distributionswere analyzed comparatively. The results indicate that only 4.5% of Torbalı’s land area is classified as “highlysuitable” for settlement, while 44.0% is “moderately suitable” and 51.5% is “less suitable.” Fertile plains andalluvial deposits were identified as high-risk areas for construction. These findings provide crucial insights fordisaster risk reduction, the identification of safe residential areas, and the development of risk-based planningstrategies, underscoring GIS-based analyses as essential tools not only for spatial planning but also for disastermanagement processes. From an educational perspective, this study carries significant implications. Incorporatingsuch case studies into geography lessons enhances students’ geographic perspective, spatial thinking, analyticalproblem-solving, and environmental awareness. When coupled with disaster management content, the approachequips students with awareness of hazards, risk mitigation, and disaster preparedness, beyond skills in site selectionand planning. In this context, GIS emerges as more than a cartographic tool; it is a pedagogical instrumentsupporting interdisciplinary learning and aligning geography education with the demands of the digital age. Inconclusion, the GIS-based settlement suitability analysis of Torbalı aligns closely with the Türkiye Yüzyılı MaarifModeli (Century of Türkiye Education Model), which emphasizes digital competencies, disaster awareness, andrisk management in geography education. This study provides teachers and students with a practical model forintegrating real-world data into instruction, serving as a guide for sustainable spatial development, disaster riskreduction, and a modernized geography curriculum that meets contemporary needs.</p
