Universidad Internacional del Ecuador
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Morphometric characteristics of glacial cirques and former glaciers in the Geyik Mountains, Western Taurus, Türkiye
No full textUsing the Glacier reconstruction (GlaRe) toolbox, reconstructions of former glaciers in the Geyik Mountains, part of the Taurus Mountain system in southern Türkiye, show that an area of 132.5 km2 was glaciated in the last major glaciation, which left clear terminal and hummocky moraines. Glaciers were 1.4 to 12 km long and those from 49 cirques merged to form a broad 75 km2 piedmont glacier in the Namaras Valley, up to 400 m thick. A thorough analysis of morphometry of the 98 Geyik cirques, using the revised Automated Cirque Metric Extraction version 2 (ACME2) toolbox, shows that they are relatively small, with limited widths: the median length/width ratio of 1.29 is unusually high. With size, length and width increase faster than depth, demonstrating strong static allometry. Maximum slope averages 59°, minimum 3.3° and axial 25°. A combination of low hypsometric integral, high axial profile closure and high axial height-length integral is proposed as a measure of cirque development. The main summits are on sharp ridges on cirque crests, showing that they have been lowered by glacial erosion (by cirque development). Glaciation was strongly asymmetric, with cirque vector mean aspect between northeast and north-northeast. This shows the dominance of solar radiation effects, with some modification from westerly winds. Glacier palaeo- Equilibrium Line Altitudes (pELAs) rise northeastwards and cirque floor minimum altitudes (CFAs) rise toward east-northeast, both showing the importance of moist air from the Mediterranean, 38–55 km to the southwest. pELA averages 2208 m above sea level (a.s.l.) (2277 m area-weighted); CFA averages 2234 m. CFA varies mainly with summit altitudes; where related palaeoglaciers are short CFA is somewhat below pELA, but for longer ones it is above. The most likely palaeoclimate to form these glaciers involves a precipitation increase of 53–72 % with a temperature fall of 8 °C compared with present-day. The cirques formed under similar or less severe conditions
Evaluation of Computed Tomography Images Compatible With COVID-19 inCases of Viral Pneumonia Undiagnosed Prepandemic
No full textChemometric optimization of the continuous flow synthesis parameters of PbS thin films: Design of experiments (DOE) based mathematical modelling for energy band gap prediction of PbS coating
No full textIn this study, important process parameters in the synthesis of PbS films using a continuous flow reactor were optimized with a design of experiments approach. Flow rate, circulation time and temperature were selected as process parameters in coating with the flow-through chemical deposition method. A mathematical model was developed to predict the energy band gap of PbS chalcogenides deposited using a continuous flow reactor. According to the central composite design results for the chalcogenides, optimum process conditions were found to be flow rate: 146.9 mL/min, circulation time: 6.3 h and temperature: 30.3 °C. ANOVA results showed that the flow rate and reaction temperature parameters are important for the prediction model. In other words, it can be said that these parameters play an important role in controlling the Eg value of PbS. On the other hand, the average surface roughness (Ra: 8.78 nm) and RMS roughness (Rq: 11.34 nm) values of the PbS film synthesized under optimized conditions supported the smooth surface formation phenomenon. The energy band gap of the film-coated under optimal experimental conditions was measured as 2.18 eV and was estimated as 2.15 eV by the developed model. The developed model could predicted the Eg of PbS film with a relative error of 1.38 %. The closeness of the measured and predicted Eg values revealed the reliability of the developed mathematical model
A comprehensive review of progress in sustainable development goals from energy and environment perspectives
No full textGiven the increasing negative impact of environmental issues, mainly caused by high energy use, it is becoming increasingly important to focus on achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In light of these critical issues, this study comprehensively reviews the contemporary environment and energy-related literature from the point of view of SDGs so that the progress of the SDGs can be viewed from both environment and energy perspectives. Accordingly, the study undertakes a global scale by conducting a systematic review approach, identifying 2826 and 1917 articles in environment- SDGs and energy- SDGs areas in SCOPUS database. Through examination of these studies, the outcomes show that: (i) the number of SDGs-related studies has been increasing since 2015 and the number of environment-SDGs studies has exceeded the number of energy-SDGs studies; (ii) in the environment-SDGs studies, sustainable goals, renewable energy, and climate change are the basic themes, but it has changed from 2015 through 2022; (iii) in the energy-SDGs studies, renewable energy, sustainable development, and economic development terms have become motor themes after 2020; (iv) although climate action topic is in the niche theme before 2018, it is categorized as an “emerging or declining” theme after 2020; (v) most of the studies have been published by journals from Springer, MDPI, and Elsevier; (vi) the most prolific authors are from Tsinghua and Cyprus International Universities in environment-SDGs and energy-SDGs studies, in that order. This review assesses the emerging trends in the SDG-related environment and energy literature. Accordingly, policy implications and future research to support the achievement of the SDGs are discussed