Universidad Internacional del Ecuador
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Hatay İlindeki Organik Pamuk Tarlalarında Cicadellidae (Hemiptera) Türlerinin Popülasyon Dinamikleri ve İklim Parametreleri ile İlişkilerinin Belirlenmesi
No full textBu çalışmada, Hatay ilinde organik pamuk yetiştirilen alanlardaki yaprakpiresi (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) türlerinin popülasyon dinamikleri ve iklim parametreleriyle olan ilişkileri araştırılmıştır. Atrap ile yapılan haftalık örneklemeler (100 atrap/parsel) sonucunda Cicadellidae familyasına bağlı dokuz tür belirlenmiş ve bunlar arasında Asymmetrasca decedens (Paoli) and Empoasca decipiens (Paoli)’in popülasyon yoğunluğunun pamuğun tüm vejetasyon dönemi boyunca yüksek seyrettiği, Zyginidia sohrab (Zatchvakin), Psammotettix striatus (Linnaeus), Orosius orientalis (Matsumura), Anaceratagallia laevis (Ribaut) ve Anaceratagallia sinuata (Mulsant & Rey)’nın pamuğun her iki vejetasyon aşamasında varlık gösterdiği ve Z. sohrab’ın popülasyon yoğunluğunun önemli seviyelere ulaştığı görülmüştür. Cicadulina bipunctella (Matsumura) ve Balclutha hebe (Kirkaldy)’nin pamuğun yalnızca generatif döneminde varlık gösterdiği ancak önemli ölçüde yüksek popülasyonlara ulaştığı belirlenmiştir. Korelasyon ve regresyon analizleri, beş yaprakpiresi türünün popülasyon gelişimi ile farklı sıcaklık (°C) parametreleri arasında orta ya da yüksek düzeyde pozitif korelasyon olduğunu (r=0.578-0.790, p<0.05), buna ek olarak O. orientalis’in popülasyon gelişimi ile maksimum nem (%) arasında yüksek düzeyde pozitif korelasyon olduğunu (r=0.732, p=0.003) ve P. striatus ile minimum sıcaklık arasında orta düzeyde negatif korelasyon olduğunu (r=0.650, p=0.011) göstermiştir. Bu sonuçlar yaprakpiresi türlerinin, popülasyon varlıklarının ve yoğunluklarının, pamuğun vejetasyon dönemleri içerisinde farklılık gösterdiğini ve bazı iklim parametrelerinin yaprakpirelerinin popülasyon gelişimi üzerinde etkili olabileceğini göstermiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular, pamuk yetiştirilen alanlarda bulunan zararlı yaprakpiresi türlerinin varlıklarını zamanında tespit etmek ve bunların popülasyonlarını baskı altına alabilmek için daha ekonomik ve etkili zararlı yönetim stratejileri geliştirilmesine yardımcı olabilir.In this study, population dynamics of leafhopper (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) species in organic cotton-growing areas of Hatay province were investigated along with their associations with climatic parameters. Weekly sampling using a sweep net (100 sweep net/parcel) identified nine species within the Cicadellidae family. Among these, Asymmetrasca decedens (Paoli) and Empoasca decipiens (Paoli) displayed high population densities throughout the entire vegetation period of cotton, while Zyginidia sohrab (Zatchvakin), Psammotettix striatus (Linnaeus), Orosius orientalis (Matsumura), Anaceratagallia laevis (Ribaut), and Anaceratagallia sinuata (Mulsant & Rey) were present in both vegetative and reproductive phases of cotton, with Z. sohrab reaching significant population levels. Cicadulina bipunctella (Matsumura) and Balclutha hebe (Kirkaldy) were found only during the reproductive phase, yet they achieved considerably high populations. Correlation and regression analyses have shown a moderate to high level of positive correlation between the population development of five leafhopper species and various temperature (°C) parameters (r=0.578-0.790, p<0.05). Additionally, a high level of positive correlation has been observed between the population development of O. orientalis and maximum humidity (%) (r=0.732, p=0.003), and a middle level of negative correlation between P. striatus and minimum temperature (r=0.650, p=0.011). These findings indicate that leafhopper species exhibit variations in population presence and densities throughout the cotton vegetation periods, and certain climatic parameters may influence the population development of leafhoppers. The findings from this study may assist in developing more cost-effective and efficient pest management strategies to timely detect and suppress pest leafhopper species in cotton cultivation areas
Changing Trends in the Etiology of Cirrhosis in Türkiye: A Multicenter Nationwide Study
No full textBackground/Aims: The aim of our study was to investigate the underlying causes behind the etiology of cirrhosis in Türkiye. Materials and Methods: The study was comprised of patients with cirrhosis located in the gastroenterology clinics of 28 centers in Türkiye between January 2000 and June 2021. Results: The study group consisted of 4953 cirrhotic patients (median age: 62.2 years, male / female: 58% / 42%). Among the patients, 39% of the patients were compensated, and 61% were decompensated. Furthermore, 47.5% had Child-Pugh class A, 38% had Child-Pugh class B, and 14.5% had Child-Pugh class C. The most frequent complaints were abdominal bloating (28%). Ascites (54.2%) was the most common manifestation of decompensation. The median Child-Pugh and MELD-Na scores were 7.0 and 10.0, respectively. The most common cause of cirrhosis was chronic viral hepatitis (43%), followed by cryptogenic cirrhosis (CC) (19%), metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)-related cirrhosis (13%), and alcohol-related cirrhosis (11%). Among the 950 patients with CC, 416 had metabolic abnormalities. If these 416 CC patients with metabolic abnormalities were categorized as having MASLD-related cirrhosis, the proportion of MASLD-related cirrhosis increased to 21%. Thirteen percent of the patients were diagnosed with HCC, while 4% had extrahepatic malignancy. Female breast cancer (18%) and colorectal cancer (18%) were the most frequent extrahepatic malignancies
Akut ve Kronik Egzersizlerin Bağışıklık Sistemi Üzerine Etkileri / EFFECTS OF ACUTE AND CHRONIC EXERCISES ON THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
No full textÜst Düzey Zihinsel Becerilerin Ölçülmesinde Açık Uçlu Maddelerin Yapay Zekâ Destekli Uygulamalarda Hazırlanması
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The impact of peripheral blood cell ratios in dogs with diffuse B-cellsmall lymphocytic lymphoma treated with CHOP protocol
No full textIn this study, pre-chemotherapy hematological values of 14 dogs diagnosed with diffuse B-cell small lymphocytic lymphoma were compared with the hematological data of 26 healthy dogs. Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and platelet/neutrophil ratio (PNR) were evaluated between two groups. Anemia and an increased total leukocyte count were observed in dogs with lymphoma compared to healthy ones. The PNR value was found to be significantly lower in dogs with lymphoma. It was concluded that more comprehensive studies are needed to clearly understand the diagnostic and prognostic importance of hematological parameters in B-cell small lymphocytic lymphoma of dogs
