Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS)
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A Clinical Study to Evaluate the Tissue Repair Efficacy of Durva (Cynodon dactylon (L.) pers) Powder-Coated Ksharasutra Ligation in the Management of Hemorrhoids
No full textBackground: Hemorrhoids are a common anorectal disorder often associated with postoperative pain and complications following conventional surgical management. Ksharasutra ligation is a minimally invasive Ayurvedic parasurgical technique traditionally used in anorectal disorders. The incorporation of Durva (Cynodon dactylon L. pers) known for its wound-healing, antimicrobial, and analgesic properties may further enhance clinical outcomes.
Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy, safety, and postoperative outcomes of Durva powder–coated Ksharasutra transfixation ligation in comparison with conventional open hemorrhoidectomy in patients with internal hemorrhoids.
Methods: A comparative clinical study was conducted on patients diagnosed with internal hemorrhoids and allocated to either Durva-coated Ksharasutra ligation or open hemorrhoidectomy. Outcome measures included postoperative pain assessed by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), bleeding during defecation, operative time, incidence of postoperative complications (anal stenosis, anal hypotonia, sepsis), and overall patient discomfort during the postoperative period.
Results: Patients treated with Durva-coated Ksharasutra ligation experienced significantly lower postoperative pain scores, particularly during the early postoperative phase. Mild bleeding during defecation was more common in the Ksharasutra group, whereas moderate bleeding predominated in the hemorrhoidectomy group. No cases of anal stenosis or worsening anal hypotonia were observed in the Ksharasutra group. Operative time was substantially shorter, and postoperative discomfort and sepsis rates were markedly reduced compared to conventional surgery.
Conclusion: Durva-coated Ksharasutra transfixation ligation is a safe, effective, and patient-friendly alternative to open hemorrhoidectomy, offering superior pain control, fewer complications, and faster recovery. This technique represents a valuable integrative approach for the management of 3rd and 4th degree hemorrhoids
Atopic Dermatitis (Vicharchika) In Women - A Case Study
No full textAtopic dermatitis is an inflammatory skin condition in women, particularly of child bearing or any age. It may be compared with Vicharchika one of the Kshudra Roga based on signs and symptoms. It affects women more common & impacting quality of life due to hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle and the pregnancy can worsen the disease. Prevalence rate: most found in north-east and urban area of India. Causes: Genetics-Gene Mutations, Family History, Environmental Factors like Irritants, Allergens, Climate, Mental factors like Stress, worries, sadness, loss of sleep, Food incompatibility, Infections etc. Signs and symptoms are itching, dryness, flaky patches, circular shaped areas on the face hands & feet. Prevention: Educating the patients by counseling & indicating Ayurvedic remedies. Treatment: Diet such as fruits vegetables & omega-3 rich fish, stress management, skincare, clothing. Samshodhana and Samshamana Chikitsa like Bahirparimarjan (Sthanika Abhyanga with Eladi Taila, Bashpa Swedana, Lepana with Parolep powder & Snana with Siddarthaka Snana Churna etc.)
Assessing the role of Manibhadra Guda Virechana in the therapeutic management of Ekakustha (Psoriasis Vulgaris): A Case Report
No full textEkakushtha, as described in Ayurvedic classics, is a chronic, non-infectious skin disorder characterized by dry, scaly, and persistent skin lesions that are often symmetrically distributed. It closely parallels Psoriasis vulgaris in modern dermatology—an immune-mediated condition with a prevalence of 0.44% to 2.8% in India. Psoriasis significantly impairs quality of life due to its relapsing nature and chronic course. A 25-year-old male patient presented with an 8-month history of progressively worsening dry, thick, and scaly lesions over the trunk, limbs, and lower back. The lesions were extensive, non-sweating, and fish scale-like (Matsyashakalopama), with intermittent itching (Kandu) and burning (Daha), particularly during winter. Classical Virechana Karma using Manibhadra Guda was administered, followed by specific internal medications to maintain the therapeutic benefits. Clinical parameters were examined before and after treatment and on follow-up after 45 days, where notable improvements were observed. While conventional treatments provide symptomatic control, this case underscores the potential of Ayurvedic therapies, especially Panchakarma in managing chronic dermatological conditions like Ekakushtha. The approach aims not only at symptomatic relief but also at minimizing relapses and gradually addressing the root cause. This study advocates for further exploration of Ayurveda as a sustainable and holistic treatment modality in chronic skin disorders
Myopia and Prathama Patalagata Timira: An Integrative Review from Ophthalmology and Ayurveda
No full textMyopia, or nearsightedness, is one of the most prevalent refractive errors worldwide and is emerging as a global public health concern due to its rapidly increasing incidence and long-term complications. Defined clinically as a spherical equivalent refractive error of > –0.50 diopters, myopia results when parallel light rays focus anterior to the retina, producing blurred distance vision while near vision remains clear. Epidemiological projections indicate that nearly half of the global population may be affected by 2050, with especially high prevalence in East and Southeast Asia. Modern research highlights multifactorial etiologies, including genetic susceptibility, excessive near work, limited outdoor exposure, and urbanized lifestyles. Classification is typically based on refractive error (low versus high myopia) or structural causes (axial versus refractive). Management ranges from optical correction with spectacles and contact lenses to interventions aimed at slowing progression, such as low-dose atropine, orthokeratology, and specialized multifocal lenses, alongside lifestyle modifications. Ayurveda offers a parallel understanding of myopia under the broad category of Drishti Roga, specifically described as Timira. Among its graded stages, Prathama Patalagata Timira—where vitiated Doshas disturb the outermost ocular layer—is correlated with simple myopia. The hallmark feature is Avyakta Darshana (indistinct vision), corresponding closely to the blurred distant vision of modern myopia. Classical texts emphasize causative factors such as excessive close or distant gazing, exposure to dust and smoke, and improper visual habits, which mirror modern risk factors. Ayurvedic management prioritizes Dosha pacification and ocular rejuvenation through therapies such as Akshi Tarpana (retention of medicated ghee over the eyes), Aschyotana (herbal eye drops), Nasya (nasal instillation of oils), and lifestyle modifications. Recent clinical studies demonstrate beneficial outcomes of such therapies in improving visual acuity and reducing symptoms in myopic patients, supporting their relevance in integrative care. This review highlights the striking convergence between modern ophthalmology and Ayurvedic thought: both recognize blurred distance vision as the cardinal symptom, emphasize the importance of lifestyle in etiology and prevention, and advocate for early intervention to prevent progression. Integrating Ayurvedic ocular therapies with evidence-based modern interventions may offer a holistic approach to managing myopia
Sleep Disturbance and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Review
No full textPolycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder affecting reproductive-aged women, characterized by a combination of hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovarian morphology. It has been an emerging health issue for the last decade. The exact aetiology is still unknown, but it is observed that behavioural, hormonal, and environmental factors play a pivotal role. Pathophysiology of the disease comprises dysregulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian axis, insulin resistance leading to increased luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion, and androgen excess. Clinical manifestations include menstrual irregularities, hirsutism, obesity, and acne, etc. While Ayurveda does not possess a specific term for PCOD/PCOS, comparable symptoms can be identified through concepts like Vandhya yonivyapad, Artavkshaya, and puspaghni jataharini. Nidra (sleep), being a component of Trayopastambha (the three fundamental pillars that sustain life), plays a crucial role in reproductive health. Improper Ahar (diet) and Nidra (sleep) lead to the pathogenesis of this disease, as well as act as modifiable drivers of these pathophysiologic loops. Ayurveda has emphasized the importance of Nidra (sleep) in reproductive health, and poor sleep can lead to reproductive health issues. The practice of proper sleep is getting deprioritized due to shift work, late-night screen usage, and workload. The evidence (meta-analyses, observational studies, disease-modifying guidelines, and clinical trials), suggests that sleep health is linked to PCOS pathophysiology, risk, and severity. The article highlights the role of Nidra, relevant to circadian rhythm disruption, insulin resistance, hormonal axis dysregulation, and metabolic effects, in pathophysiological aspects of PCOS, and outlines clinical implications and research priorities
Effect of Pathyadi Kwath and Rasnadi Taila Pratimarsha Nasya in the management of Ardhavabhedaka (Migraine): A Case Study
No full textBackground: Migraine (Vascular) headaches are a paroxysmal disorder characterized by recurrent headache, with or without related visual and gastrointestinal disturbances. They are probably caused by a functional disturbance in the cranial circulation.[1] Migraine because of its similarities in symptoms with Ardhavabhedaka, it can be co-related with Ardhavabhedaka. This case study is about a patient having Chronic migraine for 3 years with generalized burning sensation all over the body, insomnia and stress. Ayurvedic Management with inclusion of Nasya along with internal herbomineral medications have helped immense to get rid of the symptoms. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of Pathyadi Kwath along with Rasnadi Tail Nasya in the management of Ardhavabhedaka. Method: A patient was treated with Pathyadi Kwath along with Rasnadi Taila Nasya for 8 weeks with follow up period of 4 months. Clinical evaluation was done before and after the treatment to assess the effectiveness of therapy. Results: Significant improvement was observed in the clinical signs and symptoms
Shadchakra - An Integrated Approach to Health and Well-being
No full textThe doctrine of Shadchakra (six chakras) forms an essential part of yoga, tantra and Ayurvedic philosophy. These chakras are described as subtle centers of energy located along the spinal pathway, each influencing human physiology, psychology and spiritual evolution. The six principal chakras - Mūlādhāra, Svādhisthāna, Maņipūra, Anāhata, Viśuddha and Ājñā are interconnected with specific organs, emotions and higher faculties of awareness. Proper alignment and activation of these chakras are believed to foster balance, vitality, emotional stability and self-realization, whereas disharmony may contribute to illness or psychological disturbances. Therapeutic approaches such as yoga postures, breathing practices, meditation, mantra recitation, dietary regulation and Ayurvedic treatments are employed to harmonize Chakra function and restore energy flow. Thus, the Shadchakra framework provides an integrated perspective on health, linking the body, mind and consciousness and offering preventive as well as promotive measures for holistic well-being
Ayurvedic management of Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion (BRVO) with Macular Oedema - A Case Report
No full textBranch Retinal Vein Occlusion (BRVO) is the second most common retinal vascular disorder associated with systemic vascular disorders such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity and dyslipidemia. It causes defective vision due to macular edema, venous congestion, and ischemia. Modern treatment mainly includes anti-VEGF injections and laser therapy, but recurrence and complications often seen. Ayurveda provides a holistic approach through internal medicines, ocular therapies, and life style modification. This case report presents a 64-year-old female with BRVO and macular edema, managed with Ayurvedic medicines and therapies such as Netra Sekam, Takradhara, Murdha Taila, Nasya Anjanam, Mukhalepam, and Jaloukavacharana. The right eye improved from counting fingers at 1.5 m to 6/24 (pinhole~6/18), with OCT central macular thickness reducing from 502 µm to 254 µm. The left eye-maintained vision at 6/60 with symptomatic relief and stabilization of OCT values. This suggests Ayurveda as a supportive therapy in BRVO management
Comparative Antimicrobial Activity of Lead (Naga Anjana Shalaka) Enriched Drug Sample (Rasanjana) against Staphylococcus Aureus and Staphylococcus Epidermidis: A Potential Therapeutic approach in Blepharitis Management
No full textBlepharitis is a common, chronic inflammatory eyelid condition frequently associated with bacterial colonization, particularly by Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Current treatment protocols largely depend on antibiotics and anti-inflammatory agents; however, recurrence and antimicrobial resistance remain major challenges. The present study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of a drug formulation and its lead-containing modification against S. aureus and S. epidermidis using the agar well diffusion assay. The results demonstrated that while the control drug was effective only against S. aureus (10 mm inhibition zone), the lead-containing formulation exhibited activity against both organisms (S. aureus – 11 mm, S. epidermidis – 13 mm). These findings suggest that incorporation of lead enhances antibacterial efficacy and broadens the antimicrobial spectrum. This modified drug formulation may have significant implications for the treatment of staphylococcal blepharitis, though further pre-clinical and clinical studies are warranted
Efficacy of Sri Lankan Ayurveda treatment on Recurrent Adnexal Simple Cyst with Endometriosis - A Case Study
No full textEndometriosis is an unusual feature of retrograde menstruation that affects nearly every woman of reproductive age. Women with endometriosis are usually confronted with one or both of the two major problems: pain-infertility. This study aims to showcase the outcome of an observational case study on endometriosis case managed by Sri Lankan Ayurveda treatment regimen. A 23-year-old unmarried girl, Body Mass Index of 21kg/m2, had a left-sided septate endometrioma (8.0cm× 3.8 cm) diagnosed recently by trans abdominal scan. She complained of premenstrual lower abdominal and pelvic pain (Visual Analogue Scale 09) before 1 week, with vomiting and increased pain with menstruation. In 2022, she underwent laparoscopic cystectomy for right adnexal mass, 2.3*1.3 cm, with right salpingectomy. Her menstruation was regular with normal flow. In the Ayurveda Gynaecology clinic, she was diagnosed as Udavartha Yoni Vyapada. With her consent, a 3½ month treatment protocol involving Ama Pachana Agni Deepana (Digesting toxin and enhancing metabolic fire), Lekana (Scraping out), and Karshana (Ploughing) treatments was adopted orally; Kasaya (Decoction), Choorna (Powder), Guli (Tablets), Thaila (Oil), externally Abhyanga (Oil massage), Sweda (Sudation), Paththu (Paste), Pichu (Soaking), and Mathra Basti (Enema). The case was assessed every 2 weeks before introducing the new drug regimen for 3 months. The case was well tolerated with the management protocol, with Blood pressure 120/80 mmHg, body mass index was 21kg/m2, and all other basic parameters remained intact. Her symptoms were reduced (by 91% according to Endometriosis Health Profile-30 Scale), menstrual pain was controlled (Visual Analog Scale 0-2), and the cyst was disappeared at the final Trans abdominal scan report. After the 02-month follow-up period condition remained intact. The results of this case study provided an encouraging outcome for further studies on Sri Lankan Ayurveda treatment on Endometriosis and Ovarian cysts