Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS)
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A Critical Review on the Pharmacological and Therapeutic Insights of Guggulupanchapala Choorna
No full textGuggulupanchapala Choorna is a classical Ayurvedic polyherbal formulation described in Ashtanga Hridaya and Sahasrayoga, traditionally used in the management of Kushta, Bhagandara, Gulma, Nadivrana, Krimi, and clinically in Arsas. The formulation contains seven herbal ingredients, which predominantly exhibit Katu Rasa, Laghu and Rooksha Guna, Ushna Veerya, and Madhura or Katu Vipaka. These properties are responsible for the various pharmacological actions of the formulation in Ayurvedic terms, including Deepana-Pachana, Srotoshodhana, Kledahara, Shothahara, and Lekhana, which help in clearing accumulated dosha, reducing inflammation, and alleviating local congestion. According to modern pharmacology, the phytoconstituents of these herbs exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and tissue-healing activities, which collectively aid in reducing local inflammation, controlling infections, and promoting tissue repair. The presence of Yogavahi substances such as Madhu and Pippali enhances absorption, systemic distribution, and bioavailability of the active constituents, potentiating the therapeutic effects of the formulation. Analysis of the mode of action provides a deeper insight into the rationale behind its clinical use, allowing physicians to apply the formulation thoughtfully even in contexts beyond classical indications. Understanding these mechanisms bridges classical Ayurvedic principles with modern scientific perspectives and supports the continued application of Guggulupanchapala Choorna in gastrointestinal, anorectal, and dermatological disorders
The Etiopathogenesis of Endometriosis through an Ayurvedic Perspective
No full textEndometriosis is one of the most mysterious and fascinating benign gynaecological disorders defined by implantation of functional endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. Incidence of Endometriosis is estimated to 6-10% of women in their 30-40s. It results in few deaths estimated being 200 globally in 2013 & 1 in 10 women suffer from endometriosis in India. Causes are Sampson\u27s theory of menstrual regurgitation and implantation (Metastatic theory) Retrograde menstruation, Endometrial fragments are transported to peritoneal cavity through tubes, viable cells implant & grow. Young girls with obstructive anomalies of genital tract often develop endometriosis. Other causes are coelomic metaplasia theory, lymphatic and vascular theory, genetic factors immunological factors. Pathophysiology involves the influence of hormones leading to Endometrial tissue located outside the uterus becomes thicken, breaks down and bleeds every month. This blood cannot exit from the body, and becomes trapped, form cysts, irritate the surrounding tissue resulting into adhesions, pain, and infertility. In Ayurveda, Nidana for endometriosis are 1. Mithyacara, includes Mithyaahara, Vihara and Vishamagni causes Rasadhatu Vikriti, nutritional deficiency and obesity leading to irregular menstruation, endometriosis etc. 2. Pradushta Artava means abnormal production of hormones leading to endometriosis. 3. Bija Doşha or genetic abnormalities leading to endometriosis. 4. Daiva-idiopathic factors. Acharya Caraka told the aggravated Vata, reaching reproductive system produces pain, stiffness, sensation of creeping of ants in vulval region, roughness, numbness, fatigue, or lethargy. Vikrita vata leads to displacement of endometrial cells along with pitta causes inflammation. Life style and diet modifications are also to be advocated as their role in the establishment of any disease cannot be ignored. The Nidana of endometriosis is analyzed and compared with latest theories. Endometriosis is not considered as life threatening disease; it is life altering disease that require timely diagnosis and treatment
Unveiling Pakshaghata: A Comprehensive Conceptual Review in Ayurveda
No full textPakshaghata is one among the 80 Vataja Nanatmaja Vikaras. It is a condition in which one half of the body is affected leading to loss of function, pain, loss of speech and loss of sensation. Symptoms developed by the association of other doshas along with Vata are also explained in the textbooks of Ayurveda. Hemiplegia is the condition which is correlated with Pakshaghata in the current era. Nidanapanchaka highlights Hetus such as excessive exertion, trauma, ageing and irregular food habits leading to vitiation of Vata and obstruction of its normal Gati. Samprapti involves Avarana or Dhatukshaya, resulting in dysfunction of Snayu, Sira and Sandhi. Management of Pakshaghata aims at pacifying Vata, removing obstruction and restoring neuromuscular function. Chikitsa includes Snehana, Swedana, Basti, Nasya and Abhyanga along with use of Vatahara and Brihmana Dravyas. Panchakrma plays vital role in both acute and chronic stages, complemented by physiotherapy and Pathya-Apathya regimen. The current paper focuses on understanding the Nidanapanchaka and chikitsa of Pakshaghata based on explanations available in Ayurveda texts
An Ayurvedic Approach to Artava Rogas: Exploring the Significance of Agni in Female Reproductive Health
No full textMenstrual disorders are among the most common women\u27s health conditions worldwide, with a prevalence ranging from 3-87% in different populations. Dysmenorrhea, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are common presentations. Through Ayurveda\u27s conceptual frame of Artava Rogas, these disorders reveal underlying imbalances related to the dysfunction of Artava (menstrual blood), Agni (digestive/metabolic fire), and Dhatu (tissues). Artava is noted to be an Upadhatu of Rasa Dhatu, dependent on the Jatharagni, the digestive fire of the stomach, and the Rasadhatvagni, the fire that metabolizes Rasa to Upadhatus, including Artava and Agni. The dysfunction of Agni results in Ama, Rasa Dushti, and ultimately Dushti of Artava, leading to different gynecological disorders (Artava Kshaya, Asrukdara, Anartava, and Ashta Artava Dushti). The concept of Agni is not only used to understand rationales for all condition, including Jwara (fevers) as well. In Jwara, and specifically Pittoulbana Sannipataj Jwara, the described disturbances can be seen in the Agni and metabolic processes in Dhatus. Ayurveda focuses on bringing the Agni back into balance, which can be done with Ayurvedic medicine (Agneya Dravya) and detoxificants (Shodhana). The system provides a framework to reinstate the metabolism of Rasadhatu and Artava function via Agni. This integrative understanding of illness reflects the understanding of Agni as the foundation of both reproductive and systemic health, and can aid in subsequently understanding diagnosis and co-therapeutics of menstrual disorders and for non-menstrual syndrome conditions like typhoid fever
Role of Basti in Neurological Diseases: A Review Article
No full textAyurveda views balance of Dosha, Dhatu, Agni as indicative of their overall health, and Pancakarma treatment aims to restore harmony and normality by letting out the vitiated Dosha from the body. One of the five Panchakarma procedures, Basti Karma is a unique and broad spectrum therapeutic and preventive treatment. As development of civilization occurs rapidly, man has become more vulnerable for many neurological conditions due to sedentary lifestyle, unwanted stress, irregular sleep patterns, competition and pseudo society status. So that he adopted new habits like alcohol, smoking, tobacco and drug abuse. All these acts as precipitating factors to the many life style diseases. Neurological disorders are one of them. In Ayurveda, neurological disorders can be correlated with Vatavyadhi like Pakshagata, Apabahuka, Grudrasi etc. Acharya Charaka mentioned Basti Karma as Ardha Chikitsa. This review article projects the conceptual and clinical significance of Basti Chikitsa in the prevention and management of neurological disorders, correlating Ayurvedic principles with modern neurophysiology
A Research Protocol on the Assessment of Comparative Efficacy of Svadamstradi Kalka with a Polyherbal Formulation in the Management of Mutrashmari (Urolithiasis)
No full textMutrashmari (Urolithiasis) is one of the Ashta Mahagada described by Acharya Sushruta due to its severe and recurrent nature. The term Ashmari, derived from Ashma (stone) and Ari (enemy), denotes an affliction causing excruciating pain. Modern medicine offers both surgical and non-surgical therapies such as lithotripsy and medical expulsive therapy, which, while effective, carry limitations including recurrence, cost, and adverse effects. Ayurvedic formulations have long been recognized for their Mutrala (diuretic), Ashmarighna (litholytic), and Shoolahara (analgesic) actions. Svadamstradi Kalka, described in Chakradatta, consists of Svadamstra, Ikshuraka, Kantakari, Brihati, and Urubu, Ksheera and Dadhi offering synergistic efficacy in disintegrating and expelling urinary calculi. This protocol aims to evaluate the comparative therapeutic potential of Svadamstradi Kalka with a standardized Polyherbal Formulation in the management of Mutrashmari (Urolithiasis)
A Critical Review in Stress Management through Panchakarma with special reference to Murdhni Taila
No full textStress has become a pervasive global health concern, affecting both physical and mental well-being. Ayurveda, the ancient Indian system of medicine, conceptualizes stress as a disturbance of Manovaha Srotas due to vitiation of Raja and Tama along with Vata Dosha. Panchakarma, the prime detoxification and rejuvenation therapy in Ayurveda, provides holistic stress management through purification, balance restoration, and nervous system stabilization. Among its modalities, Murdhni Taila, the application of medicated oil to the head is described in the Samhitas as a highly effective procedure for calming the mind and restoring psychosomatic harmony. This review critically analyses the classical concepts, pharmacological rationale, and modern scientific correlates of Murdhni Taila in managing stress and related Manovaha Srotas disorders
The Anti-Microbial effect of Patola Nimba Patra Kashaya Kshalana in Fistula-in-Ano as an add-on procedure to Ksharasutra therapy - A Case Report
No full textThe fistula-in-ano is an abnormal tract or cavity lined with granulation tissue that connects a primary opening inside the anal canal to a secondary opening in the perianal skin.[1] It is a cryptoglandular infection caused by organisms like Klebsiella, Staphylococcus aureus, E Coli etc.[2] According to Ayurveda, fistula-in-ano can be correlated with Bhagandara. Features of Dushta Vrana like delayed healing and chronicity can be seen in Bhagandara. The etiopathogenesis of Nadivrana and Bhagandara are more alike. Treatments like Parisheka, Kshalana with Kashaya mentioned in Dushtavrana, and Nadivrana Chikithsa can be adopted in management of Bhagandara. The rationale of the study is that, the procedure of Kshalana with an antimicrobial drug planned in this study can help in reducing pus and microbial stagnation along with Ksharasuthra therapy, thereby decreasing the overpowering of antibiotics. In this case study, the antimicrobial effect of Patola Nimba Patra Kashaya Kshalana in fistula in ano, as an add on procedure to Ksharasutra therapy is assessed. The study was done for a period of 21 days and the outcome measures microbial load, pus discharge and pain were assessed on 0th, 7th, 14th, 21stday. The result showed that Patola Nimba Patra Kashaya Kshalana showed a significant reduction in microbial load, pus discharge and pain
Scientific Appraisal of Upaveshana Samskara and its role in Childhood Growth and Development
No full textIndian culture is the heritage and amalgamation of many cultures, ethical values, traditional customs and belief systems. As a part of this, varieties of Samskaras are being practiced in different areas and communities across India since vedic period. Ayurvedic literatures emphasize the importance of Samskaras which protect and promote the human wellbeing. Every Samskara brings continuous positive changes in Sareera (physical body) and Manas (mind). Samskaras to be performed are aligned in such a way as to mark the important developmental turns that the child takes in his life. Samskaras help to assess the normal development – Motor, Social and Speech domains, most importantly have a positive therapeutic effect in the development of the child. Upaveshana is one among Bala-Samskara (Samskaras performed during childhood) where after 6th month of age the baby is made to sit for the first time by following religious rituals. It has a strong impact on Anatomical, Physiological and Cognitive development of the child as it is said that “Posture support improves object individuation in infants”. This article is an effort to analyze and interpret the clinical significance of Upaveshana Samskara in detail and also the need of awareness regarding the importance of Samskaras in the present era
A Critical Appraisal of Hikka Nigrahana Mahakashaya with special reference to the Management of Hiccups
No full textIntroduction: ‘Singultus’ commonly known as ‘Hiccups’, is an involuntary contraction of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles ranging from transient to intractable episodes, often impairing the quality of life. While modern medicine adopts pharmacotherapy based various pathologies for chronic hiccups, Ayurveda conceptualized ‘Hikka’ as a disorder involving aggravated Vata and Kapha Doshas. The Hikka Nigrahana Mahakashaya (HNM), as detailed in the Charaka Samhita, comprises of ten herbs employed to manage hiccups. This study is aimed to explore the phytochemical constituents and pharmacological actions of HNM herbs in relation to their effectiveness in the management of hiccups. Methods: An integrative literature review was conducted using Ayurvedic treatises including Charakasamhita, Sushrutasamhita and Bhavaprakashanighantu alongside modern scientific databases (PubMed, PubChem, IMPPAT). Each herb was assessed for classical therapeutic attributes and substantiated by evidence-based pharmacological data relevant to hiccup physiology. Results: All the ten herbs were found to possess multi-targeted therapeutic actions relevant to hiccup management. Among them Shati, Pushkaramoola, and Pippali demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory, anti-spasmodic, and broncho-dilatory properties. Abhaya and Badarabeeja contributed gastro-protective effects, while Brihati and Kantakari enhanced neuro-muscular regulation. Duralabha and Kulirashringi exhibited anti-oxidant activity and mast cell stabilization, along with immunomodulation. These actions target various nodes in the hiccup reflex-arc, supporting a systems-level Ayurvedic mechanism of relief. Conclusion: HNM offers a scientifically grounded and holistic approach for managing hiccups by addressing their underlying pathophysiology through Ayurvedic and modern pharmacological synergy. This integrative framework highlights the need for further experimental and clinical studies to validate its incorporation into modern therapeutic protocols