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EFEKTIVITAS BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI BIOPESTISIDA FOBIO DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERKEMBANGAN PENYAKIT BLAS (Pyricularia oryzae) PADA TANAMAN PADI GOGO ORGANIK
Get PDFABSTRAK Penyakit blas yang disebabkan oleh Pyricularia oryzae Cavara merupakan salah satu penyakit paling serius yang mempengaruhi produksi padi (Oryza sativa L.) di seluruh dunia. Terdapat strategi pengendalian dalam pertanian organik yang dapat dilakukan salah satunya yaitu penggunaan biopestisida yang dapat menekan perkembangan penyakit tanaman. Penggunaan biopestisida Fobio diharapkan mampu menghambat perkembangan P. oryzae penyebab blas padi karena mengandung berbagai mikroorganisme, baik yang sengaja diisolasi dari perakaran tanaman maupun yang terkandung didalam medium pembawanya. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui efektivitas berbagai konsentrasi biopestisida Fobio dalam menghambat perkembangan patogen P. oryzae penyebab penyakit blas pada tanaman padi gogo organik. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 4 perlakuan dan kontrol (0 ml/liter), FA (konsentrasi 5 ml/liter), FB (konsentrasi 7.5 ml/liter), dan FC (konsentrasi 10 ml/liter) dengan dosis masing-masing 8 liter per plot. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan berbagai konsentrasi biopestisida Fobio mampu menghambat pertumbuhan jamur P. oryzae dengan persentase berbeda-beda dan perlakuan dengan konsentrasi 7.5 ml/liter (FB) merupakan perlakuan yang paling efektif menghambat serangan penyakit blas yang memiliki persentase intensitas keparahan penyakit terendah yaitu 55.4 %.  ABSTRACTBlast disease caused by Pyricularia oryzae Cavara is one of the most serious diseases affecting rice (Oryza sativa L.) production throughout the world. There are control strategies in organic farming that can be implemented, one of which is the use of biopesticides to suppress the development of plant diseases. The use of Fobio biopesticide is expected to inhibit the development of P. Oryzae, which causes rice blast, due to the various microorganisms it contains, both those deliberately isolated from plant roots and those contained in the carrier medium. The aim of the research is to determine the effectiveness of various concentrations of Fobio biopesticide in inhibiting the development of the pathogen P. oryzae that causes blast disease in organic upland rice plants. The study used a randomized block design (RBD) with 4 treatments and a control: control (0 ml/liter), FA (concentration 5 ml/liter), FB (concentration 7.5 ml/liter), and FC (concentration 10 ml/liter), each applied at a dose of -8 liters per plot. The research results show that treatment with various concentrations of Fobio biopesticide was able to inhibit the growth of P. oryzae fungi to varying degrees, with the concentration of 7.5 ml/liter (FB) being the most effective treatment, resulting in the lowest percentage of disease severity intensity at 55.4 %.Â
EFEKTIVITAS MINYAK ATSIRI KEMANGI DAN PALA TERHADAP HASIL TANGKAPAN LALAT BUAH (Bactrocera spp.) PADA TANAMAN BELIMBING DI AGROWISATA BELIMBING BOJONEGORO
Get PDFABSTRAK Lalat buah merupakan hama utama tanaman belimbing. Atraktan tanaman aromatik merupakan salah satu pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan. Jenis tanaman yang dapat dijadikan atraktan adalah pala dan kemangi. Metil eugenol pada minyak atsiri tanaman menghasilkan aroma feromon seks yang mirip dengan lalat buah betina sehingga menurunkan laju reproduksinya. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan deteksi varian, jika terdapat perbedaan nyata maka dilanjutkan uji BNJ pada taraf 5%. Korelasi antara faktor abiotik dan populasi lalat buah juga diamati. Atraktan yang paling sering menangkap lalat buah adalah minyak atsiri pala. Korelasi suhu dan jumlah populasi lalat buah Y= 30.275 – 0.001x; R²=0.602 dan korelasi curah hujan dengan populasi lalat buah Y= -14.457 + 0.013x; R²=0.081. Kedua korelasi tersebut sama-sama tidak berpengaruh nyata. Semua lalat buah yang tertangkap adalah lalat buah jantan dari spesies B. carambole. Minyak atsiri pala mampu menangkap lalat buah lebih banyak yaitu sebanyak 262.5-344.7 ekor dibandingkan minyak atsiri kemangi sebanyak 35.6-39.7 ekor. Minyak atsiri pala memiliki masa aktif lebih dari 7 hari sedangkan kemangi hanya memiliki masa aktif 4 hari. ABSTRACT Fruit flies are the main pest of star fruit plants. Aromatic plant attractants are an environmentally friendly control agent. Types of plants that can be used as attractants are nutmeg and basil. Methyl eugenol in the plant's essential oil produces a sex pheromone aroma similar to that of female fruit flies, thereby reducing their reproductive rate. The study used a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replications. Data collection was carried out by variant detection, and if there were real differences then the BNJ test was continued at the 5% level. Correlations between abiotic factors and fruit fly populations were also observed. The attractant that most often catches fruit flies was nutmeg essential oil. Correlation between temperature and fruit fly population size was Y= 30.275 – 0.001x; R²=0.602 and correlation between rainfall and fruit fly population was Y= -14.457 + 0.013x; R²=0.081. Both correlations had no real effect. All fruit flies caught were male fruit flies of the species B. carambole. Nutmeg essential oil was able to catch more fruit flies, namely 262.5-344.7 compared to 35.6-39.7 basil essential oil. Nutmeg essential oil had an active period of more than 7 days, while basil only had an active period of 4 days
The circular economy strategies based on household waste management: Promoting environmental quality with the system dynamics approach
Get PDFThe circular economy is an innovative economic model that converts waste into valuable products, while offering substantial benefits for both regional and national economies. This study investigated how the household waste management practices affected environmental degradation and public health using the System Dynamics technique. The study drew on various sources, including mass media, expert opinions, time series data, and scientific publications, to assess the effect of waste on water, air, and public health quality. The findings indicated a link between population growth and the increased waste generation, particularly from the domestic sources. The unmanaged waste poses a threat to air and water quality, while highlighting the need for an improved waste management. A 3R approach (Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle) in the circular economy offers clear environmental and economic benefits, such as the reduced environmental impact, the increased income generation, and the enhanced investment and job creation. Additionally, the circular economy promotes the recycling and green entrepreneurship, while boosting investment and job creation. Collaboration between governments and business owners strengthens local distribution and marketing, enhancing local self-sufficiency. In summary, the adoption of a circular economic model offers substantial and wide-ranging benefits for economies at both the regional and national levels.
JEL Classification: K32; O44; Q5
Education's impact on social mobility: Mediating parental and child class in Indonesia
Get PDFThe interplay between occupational class, social status, and education in Indonesia is shaped by multiple forces, including economic changes, traditional social structures, and the growing significance of education in determining social mobility. This research aims to address the role of education and family background on child’s class measured by occupational status. This included measuring the relationship between parents’ education and parent’s occupational class as the family background determinant. The main data used to test the model was secondary data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey wave 1 to 4, allowing us to analyze the social class of father and child pairs, as the subject of this study, with a sample size of 4,035. Through path analysis, the finding shows the indirect pathway, mediated through education, displays a greater influence than the direct pathway. This suggests that education plays a critical role as a mediator in determining occupational status and social mobility. This finding is key to understand the persistent inequities in educational access in Indonesia, where family background continues to have a strong effect on children's educational and occupational outcomes. It suggests that policy interventions targeting educational equity could significantly reduce the impact of family background and promote social mobility.
JEL Classification: F68; I25; Z1
Penanganan Tindak Pidana Perikanan di Indonesia: Kewenangan Tentara Angkatan Laut
Get PDFIn the Indonesian legal system, there are at least three (3) institutions that have the authority to enforce the law against criminal acts at sea, such as fisheries crimes, especially at the investigation stage. These institutions are the Indonesian National Police, the Indonesian Navy, and the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (KKP). These three institutions work together to overcome all problems that arise in law enforcement at sea, especially related to fisheries crimes. However, in its implementation, these three institutions often clash in implementing law enforcement, especially at the investigation stage. On this basis, this study aims to find out. First, the authority of investigation by the Indonesian Navy against fisheries crimes based on Article 73 paragraph (1) of Law Number 45 of 2009 concerning amendments to Law Number 31 of 2004 concerning fisheries has resulted in the lack of synergy between the Indonesian Navy and stakeholders in enforcing the law on certain crimes at sea. Second, Handling fisheries crimes based on Article 9 of Law Number 34 of 2004 concerning the Indonesian Navy is faced with the duties of the Indonesian Navy as a law enforcer for certain crimes at sea
Lembaga Anti Dumping Indonesia: Sengketa Industri Kertas Indonesia Dengan Korea Selatan
Get PDFDumping events can occur if competitors take over the price of their products at a selling price that is lower than the normal price as a form of competence in conducting trade. Dumping has quite a big impact on domestic producers because it is difficult to compete with the competition because it cannot reduce the selling value of goods. Anti-dumping is a regulation that regulates fundamental practices related to dumping. The emergence of anti-dumping has been stated in the anti-dumping agreement (Anti-Dumping Agreement on the Implementation of Article VI of GATT 1994). KADI is a law enforcement institution or agency that is trusted to protect companies in Indonesia against dishonest competitors entering Indonesia. With the formation of this Committee, dishonest companies that will enter Indonesia's Indonesian industry will receive protection and even defenseThis journal writing method uses a normative juridical writing method. This research is based on primary and secondary legal materials in examining antidumping policies as trade regulations in Indonesia. The author's data collection techniques are obtained from several documents, papers, journals, papers, books and so on. And do searches on internet pages
ANALISIS RAB DENGAN METODE SNI 2016 DAN PUPR 2022 UNTUK PROYEK KONSTRUKSI SALURAN SEKUNDER DAN BANGUNAN SADAP PADA DAERAH IRIGASI KALIGERMAN LAMA DI KABUPATEN LAMONGAN
Get PDFDaerah Irigasi Kaligerman Baru di Kabupaten Lamongan memiliki peran strategis dalam mendukung keberlanjutan produktivitas sektor pertanian di kawasan tersebut. Masalah ini disebabkan oleh banyak faktor, di antaranya kondisi saluran sekunder yang sudah usang, rusak, dan kurang optimal. Proyek konstruksi saluran sekunder dan bangunan sadap di Kaligerman Lama, Lamongan, menerapkan metode analisis RAB berdasarkan standar SNI 2016 dan PUPR 2022. Pendekatan ini memastikan ketentuan biaya dan spesifikasi konstruksi sesuai regulasi terkini, menjamin kelancaran proyek infrastruktur irigasi dengan presisi dan efisien. Perbandingan AHSP antara Metode SNI 2016 dan PUPR 2022 menunjukkan variasi harga satuan, dengan penurunan signifikan pada pemasangan bouwplank (- 12,02%) dan peningkatan umum sekitar 4-5%. Analisis RAB Saluran Sekunder mengkonfirmasi perubahan biaya yang mencolok, dengan kenaikan total sekitar 48,04% menggunakan Metode PUPR 2022. Penelitian ini menunjukkan perbedaan harga satuan signifikan antara Metode SNI 2016 dan PUPR 2022 dalam AHSP, mencerminkan peningkatan biaya konstruksi. Kajian ini menekankan pentingnya perencanaan anggaran yang cermat, khususnya untuk jenis pekerjaan yang mengalami peningkatan biaya yang signifikan
PENERAPAN JALUR SEPEDA PADA JARINGAN JALAN DI KOTA MALANG
Get PDFJalur sepeda merupakan bagian dari penyediaan fasilitas pengguna kendaraan tak bermotor dengan karakteristik utama kecepatan rendah dan rentan kecelakaan. Oleh karena itu perlu perencanaan penerapan jalur sepeda yang sesuai dengan kriteria perencanaan. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk membuat analisis penerapan jalur sepeda pada jaringan jalan di Kota Malang. Metode pendekatan yang dilakukan adalah analisis situasi dari kondisi jalan yang ada kemudian dilakukan perencanaan penerapan jalur sepeda. Metode analisis menggunakan identifikasi ruas jalan kemudian dihitung tingkat pelayanan jalan pada ruas tersebut. Setelah dilakukan survei kondisi lapangan, maka alternatif rute yang sesuai untuk diterapkan jalur sepeda adalah Jl. Borobudur, Jl. Soekarno Hatta, Jl. MT. Panjaitan, Jl. Brigjen Slamet Riyadi, Jl. Letjen Sutoyo, dan Jl. Letjen S. Parman. Adapun jenis jalur sepeda yang sesuai dengan kondisi adalah jalur sepeda tipe C dimana jalur sepeda berada pada badan jalan. Implikasi dari penerapan jalur sepeda ini diharapkan tersedia jalur sepeda yang berkeselamatan dan sebagian pengguna jalan secara berangsur-angsur sudi berpindah dari pengguna kendaraan bermotor ke kendaraan sepeda
Optimalisasi Sifat Mekanis Kekerasan Ductile Cast Iron Fcd-50 Melalui Proses Heat Treatment
Get PDFAt this time the need for metals, especially iron and steel in the industrial world is increasing. One that is widely used is cast iron, there are several types of cast iron, namely gray cast iron, white cast iron, malleable cast iron, nodular cast iron. Nodular cast iron is included in the cast iron class, this type of cast iron is now widely used as a substitute for steel for machine components such as agricultural machinery, automotive, construction and others. For this reason, research was conducted to determine the level of hardness and impact of nodular cast iron (ductile cast iron) FCD-50. In this study, where the hardness test is used as the basis for research to determine the resistance of materials (tensile strength) and changes in the microstructure formed in nodular cast iron (ductile cast iron) FCD-50. This study uses the Heat Treatment method where the cooling process uses oil media. And after the process, a hardness test is carried out. The results of the study obtained were an increase in hardness value from 23.66 HRC to 56.07 HRC. The changes that occurred were greatly influenced by the oil cooling media and holding temperature (holding time) in the isothermal holding pattern
Pembakaran Lahan Dalam Regulasi Lingkungan Hidup
Get PDFThis research seeks to thoroughly investigate the deficiencies in the legal framework surrounding corporate criminal liability for the burning of plantation land and comprehensively discuss legal policies for handling land burning crimes that result in the destruction of forest ecosystems. This research is normative juridical in nature, utilizing a descriptive-analytical approach. It examines existing legal issues and symptoms, assessing them against established laws, regulations and legal norms. The findings of this article indicate that the enforcement of corporate criminal liability for plantation land burning remains significantly weak due to selective law enforcement process against corporations and the imperfection of formal legal arrangements regarding the mechanism of criminalizing corporations as perpetrators of crimes holistically. Legal policies in handling land burning crimes that result in the destruction of forest ecosystems are carried out through penal efforts (enforcing criminal provisions related to land burning in the Law on Environmental Protection and Management, the Forestry Law and the Plantation Law) and non-penal including education, increasing awareness and community participation, empowering information technology, compiling a framework to support transparency, accountability and corporate social responsibility to preserve the environment