JeDEM - eJournal of eDemocracy and Open Government
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Live Enrollment for Identity Documents in Europe: The Cases of Sweden, Norway, Kosovo, and Estonia
Get PDFDigital image alterations (morphing) of identity document photos is a major concern, and may potentially allow citizens with malicious intent to enroll for identity document(s) later in order to be used by another individual. Taking the photo in the application office —live enrollment —can address this issue. However, this is a break with tradition and entails a sizeable overhaul in the public sector, which can be reluctant to change and often lacks the necessary formal methods that ensure a smooth transition. The objective of this paper is to map the main barriers and drivers related to live enrollment based on theoretical research and interviews conducted with high-ranking officers at passport authorities in Estonia, Kosovo, Norway, and Sweden. These countries have successfully switched to live enrollment. The main motivation for live enrollment has been increased security; for Estonia, user convenience was important and was behind the decision of keeping alternative application processes for the citizens. The absence of legacy systems makes it easier to implement public sector innovations, such as live enrollment. Behind the successful implementation is proper risk management: covering technological, political, and organizational risks. Finally, the research results indicate varying experiences, obstacles, cultural differences, and trade-offs, while emphasizing the need to understand barriers and drivers in a contextualized way
Editorial JeDEM Vol 10, No 1 (2018)
No full textThe editorial to JeDEM Vol 10, No 1 (2018), ongoing submissions
The Greek Interoperability Center
Get PDFIn this paper we present the Greek Interoperability Center (GIC), which constitutes a common and uniform framework for web services hosting and use. Those web services are either implemented by Ministry of Finance or other Ministries (web service clients). The aim of GIC is to act as a hub for the exchange of business/operational data between Public Sector Agencies but also to establish a uniform way to implement web services (and clients) in terms of security and web service implementation techniques. This was accomplished by implementing an Enterprise Service Bus as well as a number of "horizontal" functionalities named Common Implementation Framework
The Role of Management in Open Data Initiatives in Local Governments: Opening the Organizational Black Box
Get PDFPrevious studies have infrequently addressed the dynamic interactions among social, technical, and organizational variables in open government data initiatives. In addition, organization level models have neglected to explain the role of management in decision-making processes about technology and data. This article contributes to addressing this gap in the literature by analyzing the complex relationships between open government data characteristics and the organizations and institutions in which they are embedded. We systematically compare the open data inception and implementation processes, as well as their main results, in three Spanish local governments (Gava and Rubi in Catalonia and Gijon in Asturias) by using a model that combines the technology enactment framework with some specific constructs and relationships from the process model of computing change. Our resulting model is able to identify and explain the significant role of management in shaping and mediating different interactions, but also acknowledges the importance of organizational level variables and the context in which the open data initiative is taking place
MPs and Audiences on Social Media during Emergencies: Automatic and Manual Content Analyses of Facebook Posts
Get PDFMembers of parliament’s (MPs) social media channels are significant arenas for communication between the public and national leaders. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper to explore how these channels function during emergencies. We present findings from a mixed-method study of automatic and manual content analysis of a unique dataset composed of all posts on Israeli MPs' Facebook pages during the entire 19th Israeli parliament. We compare scope of posting, engagement with posts, and the content in MPs' Facebook pages during “ordinary" periods and an “emergency” period, focusing on the 2014 Israel/Gaza war. Findings present MPs' social media pages as hubs of interaction between MPs and audiences in emergencies, even more so than during ordinary periods. MPs' social media pages involve significantly more posts (and engagement with posts) during emergencies. In addition, the content in them becomes more emotional, less personal, and focused on the emergency situation and the national leaders responding to it
Revisiting the Open Government Phenomenon. A Meta-Analysis of the International Literature
Get PDFAccording to the contributions of several authors, the Open Government (OG) concept is maturing and moving toward its consolidation as a new field of multidisciplinary knowledge with its own dynamics. However, little is known about how it is developing that path, if it is really generating its own characteristics and what is its scope in terms of the creation of an academic community. This article makes a systematic review or meta-evaluation of the literature on OG for 5 years (2011 to 2015) of the three magazines most recognized for their production and quality of content in the theme: Government Information Quarterly, Information Polity and eJournal of eDemocracy and Open Government. This article analyzes a total universe composed of 189 articles, classified into different categories that try to answer three research questions: How is the OG analyzed? (Study Design, Research Techniques, Methodological Approach) Where is the OG analyzed? (University Departments, Host Country of the Universities and Institutions, Level of Government, Analyzed Country/Areas) What are the most analyzed topics and the most prominent concepts in the study of OG? (Main Topic, Keywords). Article data reveal the key features of OG analysis: still little quantitative and explicative-correlational studies, very focused on the countries of the Anglo-American area, and with very diverse interests ranging from open data, e-government to social media to co-production. In addition, with the latter, it can be confirmed to what extent a scientific community has been created around the OG as well as establishing some conclusions on the development of OG in the coming years
Methodology and Criteria for Evaluating E-Services: The Case of Azerbaijan
Get PDFThe enhancement of evaluation methods and development of effective public administration mechanisms are crucial for providing effective e-government services. This article explores the international practice in the field of e-service evaluation. The organization and provision of e-services in government entities, as well as the evaluation regarding the organization and functioning of information systems are implemented by the “ASAN service” system in the Azerbaijan case. The evaluation of organization and functioning of e-services is conducted by considering three determined criteria: the level of digitalization and relevance, the level of information openness and accessibility, and the level of convenience of use. Evaluation of e-services allows for improving the level of services and the development of feedback mechanisms. Currently, much attention is focused on the development of citizen-centered services
Inquiring, Inventing and Integrating: Applying Human-Centered Design to the Challenges of Future Government
Get PDFThe challenges of future government involve opportunities for the conception, planning and delivery of new government services. Applying the principles and methods of human-centered design offers an alternative path for how we go about designing them. Inquiring into existing design practices allows for the discovery of new forms of design thinking and the application of new design methods and processes. A focus on human experience and human interaction promotes innovation and inventions, newly integrates public organizations and directly contributes to the creation of public value by benefitting the individual, government and society
Direct Parliamentarianism: An Analysis of the Political Values Embedded in Rousseau, the ‘Operating System’ of the Five Star Movement
Get PDFThis article focuses on the technological affordances and use of Rousseau, the decision-making platform of the second largest Italian political party, the Five Star Movement. Crossing an empirical observation of the platform’s functionalities with data regarding its use and qualitative data collected during the 2016 and 2017 national meetings of the Five Star Movement, the essay argues that Rousseau supports an emerging “direct parliamentarianism,” which allows party members to entertain an ostensibly direct relationship with the party in public office, at the expense, however, of deliberative processes that may allow them to influence the party agenda. Thus Rousseau leaves the deliberative, and strictly parliamentary moment in the hands of elected representatives and party leaders, leaving to the party base the task of choosing between options that have been defined elsewhere