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International monetary spillovers in bank profitability and risk-taking
No full textThis article explores the impact of monetary policy changes on bank profitability and risk-taking in developed countries and BRICS. Utilizing a comprehensive dataset including country- and bank-level data from the Eurozone, the USA, the UK, Japan, and the BRICS, we distinguish between domestic and international monetary policy effects. Our analysis reveals that a monetary policy tightening increases bank profitability and reduces bank risk-taking domestically. Furthermore, we find that central bank decisions in developed countries have notable spillover effects on bank profitability and risk-taking in BRICS banks. These international spillovers operate through an internal funding channel, wherein global parent banks exchange funds with their affiliates
Law School News: Community Building Third-Year Gina George Takes Helm Of Student Bar Association 01-06-2025
Get PDFFood Deserts: How to Make Them Green
No full textDespite tremendous progress in addressing food insecurity, hunger and malnutrition are still widespread across the globe. Different factors, such as low levels of income and education, lack of access to food markets and transportation, high unemployment and population rates, and abandoned homes in a neighborhood, are among the factors that have been attributed to the creation of food deserts in emerging and developed countries. Some of the leading causes of death in the U.S. are heart attack, obesity, and diabetes. These major causes of death have a higher rate among the Black, Latin, and Hispanic populations. Access to healthy and nutritious food is imperative to enhance the health and the welfare of the communities that are considered food desert areas, the areas that are denoted as insecure food areas with poor access to nutritious and healthy foods. The Greater Springfield Area, the 4th largest city in the northeast part of the U.S., with high Black and Hispanic populations, was selected for conducting this research. This study provides the demographic information of the Greater Springfield Area. Furthermore, the research provides nutritional information regarding some easily available fast food items in the Springfield urban area in addition to some vegetables that can grow in Massachusetts. The study compares the minerals, vitamins, and other nutrient contents in the selected vegetables and compares them to the selected fast food items in the area under study. The research provides information regarding the available urban areas under study that vertical agriculture can be implemented with the potential of turning food deserts into green neighborhoods and providing nutritious, healthy, and accessible food sources with the potential of enhancing the health of the communities under study
Hooks for Four-Dimensional Ecology Education (4DEE) teaching with differing audiences of nonmajors
No full textNonmajors (i.e., undergraduate students not majoring in the natural sciences) constitute a majority of United States college graduates and are a large potential audience for courses with ecology content. However, nonmajors may be unmotivated to learn about ecology because they perceive it to be uninteresting and irrelevant to their everyday lives or career goals. Although the Four-Dimensional Ecology Education (4DEE) framework can be adapted for nonmajors courses as a starting point to improve student engagement, we suggest that nonmajors ecology instructors also use ecology hooks as effective gateways to 4DEE that will motivate and deepen student learning. Selecting and developing meaningful ecology hooks requires knowing your audience, including their chosen majors. In this way, the audience should inform the hook, and the hook then helps to propel the audience\u27s learning. In addition to being relevant to the audience, ecology hooks should be connected to student learning outcomes and multiple dimensions of 4DEE and supportive of inclusive classroom goals. We discuss how to identify and develop authentic ecology hooks and integrate them into 4DEE-aligned courses to engage students. For heterogeneous audiences that comprise a mix of many different majors, we suggest the use of three types of universal ecology hooks: “everyday,” “local,” and “wow” hooks. For specialized audiences of a single major or similar majors, we suggest the additional use of “major-specific” ecology hooks and provide examples for health professions, business, and visual and performing art majors. Although ecology hooks alone are unlikely to be a panacea for all challenges of engaging nonmajors, they are an important teaching tool that can bring new relevance, energy, creativity, thought-provoking ideas, and connections into nonmajors courses
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