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Monthly Maximum load Demand Forecasting for Sulaimani Governorate Using Different Weather Conditions Based on Artificial Neural Network Model
Get PDFMedium-term forecasting is an important category of electric load forecasting that covers a time span of up to 1 year ahead. It suits outage and maintenance planning, as well as load switching operation. There is an on-going attention toward putting new approaches to the task. Recently, artificial neural network has played a successful role in various applications. This paper is presents a monthly peak load demand forecasting for Sulaimani (located in North Iraq) using the most widely used traditional method based on an artificial natural network, the performance of the model is tested on the actual historical monthly demand of the governorate for the years 2014–2018. The standard mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) method is used to evaluate the accuracy of forecasting models, the results obtained show a very good estimation of the load. The MAPE is 0.056
A Traceable and Reliable Electronic Supply Chain System Based on Blockchain Technology
Get PDFElectronic supply chain (ESC) is a network among the parties of a supply chain system, such as manufacturers, suppliers, and retailers. It recodes all the processes involved in the distribution of specific products until transported to final customers. Blockchain (BC) technology is a decentralized network that records all the transactions in real-time and is used in many areas such as cryptocurrency. In this paper, we work on an ESC system that records all the transactions based on BC technology using a drug supply chain system as a case study. The recording of the transactions consists of three main stages. First, all the parties of the ESC system are represented in the BC network as clients with unique identities. Second, all the information related to a specific drug is recorded inside the transaction and each transaction has its own signature. Finally, all the transactions of the drug from the manufacture to the patient are recorded inside a block with a unique identity for each block. These steps inside the BC are performed based on security cryptography mechanisms, such as rivest-shamir-adleman (RSA) and secure hash algorithm SHA. The results illustrate that the proposed approach protects the drugs from counterfeiting, ensures the reliability, and provides a real-time tracking system for the transactions that have occurred among ESC parties
A Review of Properties and Functions of Narrow Band Internet of Things and its Security Requirements
Get PDFIOT is a new web sample based on the fact that there are many things and entities other than humans that can connect to the Internet. This fact means that machines or things can automatically interconnected without the need of interacting with humans and thus become the most important entities that create Internet data. In this article, we first examine the challenges of IOT. Then we introduce features of NB- IOT through browsing current international studies on NB- IOT technology in which, we focus on basic theories and key technologies , such as the connection number analysis theory, the theory of delay analysis, the coating increase mechanism , low energy consumption technology, and the connection of the relationship between signaling and data .Then we compare some functions of NB- IOT and other wireless telecommunication technologies in terms of latency, security, availability, data transfer speed, energy consumption, spectral efficiency, and coverage area . Finally, we review and summarize NB- IOT security requirements that should be solved immediately. These topics are provided to overview NB- IOT which can offer a complete familiarity with this area
A REVIEW STUDY ON THE ADOPTION OF CLOUD COMPUTING FOR HIGHER EDUCATION IN KURDISTAN REGION- IRAQ
Get PDFCloud computing is considering as a popular computing model in the Western World. It is still not well understood by much higher education (HE) institutions in the developing world. CC will have a huge effect on the academic and learning environment which will enable their users (i.e., students, educators, and heads) to play out their undertakings adequately with less expense by using the accessible applications based on the clouding offered by the cloud specialist organizations. This study aims to evaluate the factors that influence the adoption of CC for Higher Education within the Kurdistan Region in Iraq. The study was performed utilizing a non-experimental study exploratory research design. This exploratory study included an essential investigation into secondary data. The study development and modeling of secondary data to highlight the final results of the research. Through reviewing the literature of the existing frameworks in CC adoption, it is showed that there are limited institutions developed over the latest years. Moreover, HE in Kurdistan Region needs continued attention to get government support and redesign the educational system to cover all the core aspects in a better way. Here, at any time there is a need to access the applications, software and hardware, platform, and infrastructure; the most required is to have the internet service
Using Tobit Model for Studying Factors Affecting Blood Pressure in Patients with Renal Failure
Get PDFIn this study, the Tobit Model as a statistical regression model was used to study factors affecting blood pressure (BP) in patients with renal failure. The data have been collected from (300) patients in Shar Hospital in Sulaimani city. Those records contain BP rates per person in patients with renal failure as a response variable (Y) which is measured in units of millimeters of mercury (mmHg), and explanatory variables (Age [year], blood urea measured in milligram per deciliter [mg/dl], body mass index [BMI] expressed in units of kg/m2 [kilogram meter square], and Waist circumference measured by the Centimeter [cm]). The two levels of BP; high and low were taken from the patients. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) was used to find the average of both levels (high and low BP). The average BP rate of those patients equal to or >93.33 mmHg only remained in the dataset. The 93.33 mmHg is a normal range of MAP equal to 12/8 mmHg normal range of BP. The others have been censored as zero value, i.e., left censored. Furthermore, the same data were truncated from below. Then, in the truncated samples, only those cases under risk of BP (greater than or equal to BP 93.33mmHg) are recorded. The others were omitted from the dataset. Then, the Tobit Model applied on censored and truncated data using a statistical program (R program) version 3.6.1. The data censored and truncated from the left side at a point equal to zero. The result shows that factors age and blood urea have significant effects on BP, while BMI and Waist circumference factors have not to affect the dependent variable(y). Furthermore, a multiple regression model was found through ordinary least Square (OLS) analysis from the same data using the Stratigraphy program version 11. The result of (OLS) shows that multiple regression analysis is not a suitable model when we have censored and truncated data, whereas the Tobit model is a proficient technique to indicate the relationship between an explanatory variable, and truncated, or censored dependent variable
A Proposed Fully Homomorphic for Securing Cloud Banking Data at Rest
Get PDFFully homomorphic encryption (FHE) reaped the importance and amazement of most researchers and followers in data encryption issues, as programs are allowed to perform arithmetic operations on encrypted data without decrypting it and obtain results similar to the effects of arithmetic operations on unencrypted data. The first (FHE) model was introduced by Craig Gentry in 2009, and it was just theoretical research, but later significant progress was made on it, this research offers FHE system based on directly of factoring big prime numbers which consider open problem now, The proposed scheme offers a fully homomorphic system for data encryption and stores it in encrypted form on the cloud based on a new algorithm that has been tried on a local cloud and compared with two previous encryption systems (RSA and Paillier) and shows us that this algorithm reduces the time of encryption and decryption by 5 times compared to other systems
Comparison between the Effect of Local Katira Gum and Xanthan Gum on the Rheological Properties of Water-based Drilling Fluids
Get PDFThe rheological properties of drilling fluids have an important role in providing a stable wellbore and eliminating the borehole problems. Several materials including polymers (xanthan gum) can be used to improve these properties. In this study, the effect of the local Katira, as a new polymer, on the rheological properties of the drilling fluids prepared as the bentonite-water-based mud has been investigated in comparison with the conventional xanthan gum. Experimental work was done to study of rheological properties of several gums such as, local katira gum, and xanthan gum bentonite drilling mud. Different samples of drilling fluids are prepared adding the xanthan gum and local katira to the base drilling fluid at different concentrations using Hamilton Beach mixer. The prepared samples are passed through rheological property tests including the apparent viscosity, plastic viscosity, and yield point (YP) under different temperature conditions. The obtained results show that the viscosity is increased from 5 to 8.5 cp and YP is increased from 18.5 to 30.5 lb/100 ft2, with increasing the concentration of the xanthan gum from 0.1 to 0.4. However, the effect of the local katira in increasing the viscosity and YP is lower compared with the xanthan gum, which are ranged between 5–6 cp and 18.5–20.5 cp
Enabling Accurate Indoor Localization Using a Machine Learning Algorithm
Get PDFIn this paper, fingerprint referencing methods based on wireless fidelity Wi-Fi received signal strength (RSS) have used for indoor positioning. More precisely, Naïve Bayes, decision tree (DT), and support vector machine (SVM) one-to-one multi-classes and error-correcting-output-codes classifier are to enable accurate indoor positioning. Then, normalization is used to reduce positioning error by reducing the fluctuation and diverse distribution of the RSS values. Different devices are used in this experiment; the training dataset is not included in the main dataset. Nonetheless, the learned model by the SVM algorithm cannot be affected by the elimination of train datasets of the test device. The efficiency of DT is lower than the other machine learning algorithms, because it performs by Boolean function, and it provides the low accuracy of prediction for dataset than the algorithms. Naïve Bayes technique based on Bayes Theorem is better than DT and close to SVM for positioning approves that 1–1.5 m positioning accuracy for indoor environments can be achieved by the proposed approach which is an excellent result than traditional protocol
Adaptive Software-defined Network Controller for Multipath Routing based on Reduction of Time
Get PDFSoftware-defined network (SDN) is a new paradigm in the networking that makes a programmability and intelligence the networks. The main SDN characterize is separating network management (control plane) from the forwarding device (data plane). SDN logically centralizes the network with the programmable controller which collects global knowledge about the network. The SDNs can improve the performance of the routing packets in the networks because of agility and the ability to create a policy for a driven network. In the multipath routing, the SDNs controller is responsible to calculate the routes of optimum path and alternative path wherever a link is failed. However, a high delay time calculation of selecting optimum and alternative paths in multipath routing by the SDN controller is observed in the recent investigations. In this paper, we propose an efficient algorithm for SDN multipath routing controller. The mechanism of the proposed approach calculates the best path from the source to the destination which is based on using adaptive packet size and observing network link capacity. The proposed algorithm considers reducing delay time of the link handling when the flow traffic switches from the main path to the recovery path. As a result, this approach is compared to some state of the arts according to the delay time of choosing the best path and alternative paths in a given network topology. SDN based on the proposed algorithm consumed approximately 1 ms for selecting recovery routes. On the other hand, the proposed algorithm can be integrated to an SDN controller which provides better consolidation of transmission for sensitive applications as video streaming
Serological and Molecular Detection of Hepatitis B virus among patients referred to Kurdistan Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology in Sulaimani City/Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Get PDFHepatitis B virus infection is caused by the hepatitis B virus, a major global health problem. This infection can lead to chronic conditions, followed by cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The current study was aimed to detect HBV using serological and molecular techniques. During 2019, 300 blood samples were collected from Kurdistan Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology in Sulaimani city. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) techniques were used for the detection of HBsAg and HBV DNA, respectively. Obtained results were revealed that 92 out of 300 tested patients (30.66%) seropositive for HBsAg. Among 92 seropositive patients, 53 were shown positive results for HBV DNA by RT-PCR. Dental clinic visiting and dialysis were among the important risk factors for HBV transmission. The vast majority of positive results were among males. Smokers showed relatively high rates of positive results. One-third of the referred patients who had liver complaints were positive for HBsAg. More than half of the seropositive patients showed RT-PCR positive results. It was concluded that the molecular method (RT-PCR) is more sensitive and gives a more accurate result than serology (ELISA). Therefore, it can be used as a diagnostic tool for HBV detection