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    The Development of Cloud-Powered Interactive Multimedia Using Digital Storytelling Techniques on the 350th Anniversary of the Mission of Siam

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    The objectives of this research were to (1) develop cloud-powered interactive multimedia using digital storytelling techniques to commemorate the 350th anniversary of the Mission of Siam, (2) compare participants' levels of comprehension before and after interacting with the developed multimedia, and (3) evaluate participants' satisfaction with the multimedia. The ADDIE model was employed as the framework for both the development and evaluation processes. The sample consisted of 600 undergraduate students from St. Louis College during the 2023 academic year. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and a dependent t-test was conducted to determine differences in comprehension levels between the pre- and post-engagement periods. The research findings revealed that: (1) The developed cloud-powered interactive multimedia consisted of three episodes organized into a dedicated playlist on the YouTube platform, utilizing YouTube’s Media Symbol System to incorporate essential features such as symbolic formats (e.g., Play/Pause buttons, Like and Subscribe buttons, Notification Bell), visual and auditory content (including texts, graphics, images, animations, and audio elements), tags and descriptions for enhanced discoverability, a language and subtitling system to accommodate diverse audiences, and social connectivity through comments, likes, and shares; (2) Content experts rated the multimedia quality as acceptable, while media experts rated it as highly acceptable; (3) The preliminary tryout yielded an effectiveness index (E.I.) of 0.53; (4) Participants' comprehension of the Mission of Siam significantly improved after interacting with the multimedia (p < .05); (5) Participants expressed a high level of satisfaction, with an average rating of 4.20 and a standard deviation of 0.71

    Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Education and Training Studies, Vol. 13, No. 2

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    Journal of Education and Training Studies (JETS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether JETS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 13, Number 2 Carlos Sanz, Cardiff University, UKEbenezer Kofi Enninful, Takoradi Technical University, GhanaEbrahim Mohammadpour, Farhangian University , IranHelena Reis, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, PortugalJane Liang, California Department of Education, USAJoel Maligaya Cuadra, NU Laguna, PhilippinesJohn Mark Asio, Gordon College, PhilippinesJonathan Chitiyo, University of Pittsburgh Bradford, USAJulio Cesar André, Center for Studies and Development of Health Education-CEDES, BrazilMaria Rachel Queiroz, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, BrazilMaurizio Sajeva, Pellervo Economic Research PTT, FinlandRichard Penny, University of Washington Bothell, USAStamatis Papadakis, University of Crete, Greece  Robert SmithEditorial AssistantOn behalf of, The Editorial Board of Journal of Education and Training StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAE-mail: [email protected]: http://jets.redfame.co

    From Symbols to Emojis: Analyzing Visual Communication Trends on Social Media

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    This study explores the transformative role of emojis in digital communication, focusing on their use on Facebook and Instagram. Using a dual theoretical lens of social constructivist theory and visual semiotics, the research examines how emojis function as socially constructed symbols that convey emotions, enhance textual communication, and foster cultural connections. Social constructivist theory emphasizes the collaborative construction of meaning, while visual semiotics focuses on the cultural and contextual interpretations of visual signs, including emoticons.The analysis includes a dataset of 66,053 comments, with 29,628 from Facebook and 36,425 from Instagram, collected using purposive sampling methods. Text mining and natural language processing (NLP) techniques were used to identify and interpret emoji usage patterns, revealing Instagram as the dominant platform for emoji-based communication, accounting for 55.17% of the data. The study shows that emojis serve as essential tools for expressing emotions, building connections, and transcending language barriers, contributing to the emergence of a universal visual language.The findings suggest that emoji are not only replacing textual elements, but also adding layers of emotional depth, clarity, and cultural nuance to digital interactions. Popular emojis such as the "face with tears of joy" and the "heart" are universally used, but exhibit contextual variations across platforms. This research underscores the growing importance of visual communication in the digital age and calls for further exploration of the cultural, linguistic, and communicative implications of emoji use on global digital discourse

    Media Consumption of Youth in the Border Regions of Kazakhstan and Its Impact on National Identity

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    National identity of youth is an important part of social identity in general and is formed at the intersection of personal and public factors. The nature and structure of youth media consumption in the border regions differs from the situation in the central and remote regions of the countries. In such regions, the content of local media can be directly or indirectly linked to neighboring states, which contributes to the emergence of cultural and information transformations. This is especially acute in the context of geopolitical and cultural changes, such as armed conflicts, migration flows and other global processes.Based on the analysis of scientific literature, this article examines the goals, strategies and methods of foreign propaganda using the example of Russian case. Through a survey of 565 young individuals from the North Kazakhstan, Kostanay, and Pavlodar regions, this research examines how does media consumption in border regions affect youth perception of their national identity and political views. The survey results indicate that a significant portion of respondents engage with Russian media and social networks, with 27% trusting foreign news sources. The study also highlights a potential crisis of identity, as reflected in the respondents' ambiguous political views on sensitive issues

    Analysis of Disaster Scene Narratives Generated by Language Models to Provide Relevance with Individuals

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    Despite the fact that Japan is a country prone to natural disasters, the participation rate in evacuation drills, especially among young people, has remained flat in recent years. This is considered the fact that it is difficult to accept disasters that have occurred in other regions as their own. As a result of preliminary experiments, it became clear that viewers tended to be less likely to feel it as their own if they simply watched disaster videos.The purpose of this study is to generate disaster site episodes that viewers feel as their own, and to clarify the characteristics of the episodes that are common to them. To avoid black boxing, we used a small AttentionSeq2Seq model. We selected tsunami and landslide disaster site episodes that viewers felt as their own, generated using ChatGPT based on a questionnaire, and trained the model to output sentences that were identical to the input sentences. After training, the test data was fed into the trained model and we analyzed the generated episodes and the attention texts based on the attention maps and examined the final layer of the encoder. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that the model captures the factors that viewers feel as their own for each disaster type. By including these elements in the training data, it was shown that even a small amount of data could generate disaster episodes that felt more familiar to the viewer

    Review of the Role of Leadership in Promoting Change in Education

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    This paper reviews the role of school leadership in promoting change in education, with a particular focus on developing and supporting professional learning and teacher development. The study examines how the "below" and "above" forces are brought together to make an effective and lasting force to generate and sustain change. The study approach used for this research is a literature review project. Reliable scholarly articles and various books in the field of education have been studied. The findings of study conclude that the role of school leadership in developing organic leadership that combines a "change from below" approach with "support from above" is of utmost importance to help teachers demonstrate collective and shared responsibility for their students’ learning outcomes. It also discovers that the constructive interdependence of school leaders and teachers can potentially develop skilled learning communities to sustain the change. This poses a test for policy-makers and school leaders to make the environments conducive enough within which organic leadership can be nurtured

    Digital Transformation and Gender Equity in Higher Education: Insights from Algeria

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    As digital transformation reshapes higher education globally, questions of equitable access and readiness have become increasingly urgent, particularly in regions marked by structural inequality. This study investigates gender-based differences in digital readiness among higher education stakeholders in Algeria, using data from a large-scale national survey. Eight dimensions of readiness were examined, including digital infrastructure, skills, e-learning engagement, and institutional support. Results reveal statistically significant gender differences in key domains, with male participants reporting higher levels of perceived readiness in infrastructure, skills, and overall preparedness. Other areas, such as administrative support and e-library services, showed no significant disparities. These findings highlight both persistent gaps and emerging areas of parity, calling for more targeted, gender-sensitive interventions in institutional planning. The study contributes to global digital equity literature by providing disaggregated, context-specific insights from North Africa and offers practical policy recommendations to support inclusive digital transformation in higher education

    Ethnic Cultural Representation in Digital Media: Motivations of Short Video Creators from Minority Groups

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    Based on the classic theory of communication, the uses and gratifications theory, this study takes the Naxi ethnic group of southwestern China as an example to explore the motivational mechanism of ethnic minority groups participating in short video creation. A combination of purposive sampling and snowball sampling was adopted to select 16 Naxi short video creators as the research subjects. Semi-structured interviews and the scroll back method were innovatively used to collect textual and visual data from the interviews, and in-depth analysis was conducted using textual-visual thematic analysis. The study found five main creative motivations: cultural dissemination and inheritance; coping with misunderstanding and marginalization; seeking expression and belonging; career development and economic incentives; and interests and entertainment. The results reveals a paradoxical dynamic: while digital media empowers cultural expression, it also creates pressures that can lead to digital inequality and cultural homogenization

    Longitudinal Effect of Grit on Medical Student’s Well-Being

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    Background: This study investigated the effect of medical students’ self-reported grit, empathy, and self-directed learning on their well-being. Methods: Measures of grit, empathy, and self-directed learning on their well-being were administered as part of a larger battery of measures at multiple timepoints during medical school. The study participants were M4s and M3s at a School of Medicine in the Northeast United States.Results: Grit was found to predict significantly lower levels of reporting mental distress for students at follow-up, while self-directed learning and empathy were not significantly related to later well-being.Conclusion: This result adds to a growing body of literature that grit is an important trait to measure and track in medical education, as it may serve to protect against development of burnout and mental distress in medical school

    Mobile Civic Education: A Novel Public Administration Model for Strengthening Democratic Literacy among Indigenous Communities in the Philippines

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    Democratic backsliding and disinformation weaken citizen competence in fragile democracies, yet civic education for adults in indigenous communities remains rare. This study tested a Mobile Civic Education (MCE) model that treated civic education as a mobile public administration extension service for Maranao communities in Lanao del Norte and Lanao del Sur, Philippines. A quasi-experimental mixed methods design compared eight intervention barangays that received four MCE sessions with eight comparison barangays that received usual civic exposure and delayed rollout. Respondents (n = 392) completed measures of civic knowledge, internal political efficacy, and civic participatory intent before and after the intervention, complemented by focus groups and informant interviews. At baseline, groups were similar on demographic characteristics and democratic literacy. At post test, intervention barangays showed larger gains in civic knowledge, internal political efficacy, and civic participatory intent. Time by group interactions were significant for all outcomes. Qualitative themes described clearer understanding of government and rights, greater confidence to speak in public, and the MCE educator as a trusted bridge between state and Adat leadership. Findings suggestthat mobile, culturally anchored civic extension can raise democratic literacy in politically peripheral Indigenous communities

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