International Archives of Medicine (E-Journal)
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Prevalence of Pressure Injury of Bedridden Patients, Hospitalized in a Public Hospital
Get PDFObjective: To analyze the prevalence of pressure injury in bedridden patients, hospitalized in a public hospital.
Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in the city of Teresina, state of Piauí. The sample consisted of 27 bedridden patients, with pressure injuries.
Results: The injury prevalence was 31,4%. From the 27 patients studied, 59.3% were elderly, 77.8% were male, 48.1% had circulatory system diseases, 22.2% had respiratory system diseases and 59.3% of the pressure injuries were located in the sacral region.
Conclusion: The prevalence of pressure injury was high among bedridden patients, which shows the need of preventive measures, such as protocol implantation, use of scale of risk assessment, appropriate supporting surface, repositioning in bed, adequacy of dressings and instructions for patient discharge.
Keywords: Pressure ulcer. Prevalence. Nursing
Burnout syndrome: understanding of medical teaching professionals
Get PDFThis study aimed to investigate the understanding of medical teaching professionals about Burnout Syndrome. This is a qualitative, exploratory study, consisting of ten teaching physicians, who work at the hospital of a higher education institution. The data were collected from May to June 2013, through a form with questions pertinent to the proposed research objective, after approval by the Research Ethics Committee (Protocol No. 84022), and analyzed qualitatively, through the content analysis technique (Bardin). Among the 10 participants in the study, eight had adequate knowledge about Burnout Syndrome, while others showed insufficient knowledge. From the empirical material analysis, five thematic categories emerged: Syndrome characterized by physical and psychological exhaustion due to work stress; Physical and psychological signs and symptoms of Burnout Syndrome; Burnout syndrome and its implications for the worker’s health; The most vulnerable workers who develop Burnout Syndrome and Relation of Burnout Syndrome to the work of the teaching physician. The study showed that most participants in the research adequately understand Burnout Syndrome, but the subject is still little explored in academia. Therefore, intervention measures are necessary with the professionals of the risk group and new studies that contribute to expand the knowledge about that syndrome, aiming to improve the quality of life of the workers.
Keywords: Worker’s Health; Professional Exhaustion; Doctors; Professors; Work Conditions.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3823/239
Migration, Quality of Life And Health of Brazilian Immigrants in Portugal
Get PDFBackground: Immigrants face many challenges when settling in a foreign country, numerous factors influence this immigrant experience including the resources they bring with them and those they find in the host society. The literature has indicated that a significant number of individuals migrate in search of a better quality of life. In this context, the objective of the study was to analyze the quality of life and health of Brazilian immigrants living in Portugal, using the "Medical Outcomes Study: 36-Item Short Form Survey" (SF-36).
Methods and Results: A cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach developed under the project titled: Health status and quality of life of Brazilian immigrants in Portugal conducted in the first half of 2016, with 682 Brazilian immigrant women over 18 living in Portugal. This study adopted as reference SF-36, a generic instrument for the evaluation of Quality of Life. It can be affirmed that the quality of life and health of Brazilian immigrants living in Portugal is good, since all dimensions presented values above 50%. It was evidenced that Brazilian immigrants who live alone have lower levels of quality of life and health than those who live with someone and, that Brazilian immigrants who are unemployed, have low levels of quality of life and health compared to those who are in another employment situation, and Brazilian immigrants entering the labor market with a workload of more than 40 hours per week present similar levels of quality of life and health compared to those who work fewer hours.
Conclusion: In general, one can affirm that the quality of life and health of Brazilian immigrants living in Portugal is good, but due to the particularities of the migration process in the current political and international context, a systematic monitoring of living conditions and health of this population is necessary.
Keywords: Emigrants and Immigrants; Quality of life; Women, Mental health
 
An Epidemiological Profile of Accidental Tetanus Cases in a Referral Hospital, 2007-2013
No full textObjective: to describe the epidemiological profile of accidental tetanus cases in a referral hospital in the State of Pernambuco, during 2007-2013.
Method: this is a descriptive, retrospective, quantitative study based on secondary data.
Results: there were 126 cases confirmed. Most of them (88.9%) were male and from the urban area (77%). The most frequent professions were agricultural workers in general and masons (31.7%), with age group between 35-49 years old (39.7%). Drilling was the most evident injury (48.4%). The lower limbs were the most affected region (65.1%), and the predominant clinical sign was trismus (90.5%). The lethality rate was 19.0%, and the mean length of hospital stay was 49.4 days.
Conclusions: Accidental tetanus is an immune- preventable disease, the vaccine is highly immunologically effective. However, it remains a public health problem in Pernambuco, presenting high lethality and a long time in the service. 
Anatomical, Histological And Metabolic Differences Between Hypodermis And Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue
Get PDFThe development of treatments using stem cells has drawn the attention of researchers to fat deposits given the fact they represent an almost unlimited reservoir of such cells, which can be accessed through minimally invasive techniques. However, the standardization of these studies has been made difficult because of the controversies of nomenclature regarding the many components of adipose tissue. Despite their distinct and independent structures with different metabolic responses, the terms hypodermis and subcutaneous adipose tissue are many times used as synonyms. However, the correct distinction between these two layers, the knowledge of their behavior and an uniformity of these terminologies are of utmost importance.
Thus, the purpose of this study was to make a bibliographic review on the theme, aiming to show the anatomical, histological and metabolic differences between these two tissues and standardize their nomenclature
Muscular Variation In The Neck Region With Narrowing Of The Minor And Major Supraclavicular Fossa
Get PDFBackground: The sternocleidomastoideus muscle is the most prominent landmarks of the surface anatomy of the neck, separates the anterior part of the neck (anterior triangle) from the posterior part of the neck (posterior triangle). An accessory head of sternocleidomastoideus muscle may cause complications while trying to access vital neurovascular structures that are located in the minor and major supraclavicular fossa. The purpose of this study is to describe an anatomical variation of the sternocleidomastoideus muscle and clinical impact.
Methods and Findings: The anatomical variations described were found during routine dissection conducted in the laboratory of Morphology of the University of Pamplona in two male cadavers of 47 and 75 years respectively. Measurements were taken using a Vernier caliper. Topographic details of the variations were examined, recorded and photographed. The morphological variations in the number of heads (three and four) of origin of sternocleidomastoideus muscle was found in two male subjects in right and left neck, bilaterally. The posterior cervical triangle was diminished. The bilateral narrowing of the minor and major supraclavicular fossa minimizing space needed for potential surgical access. The branching patterns of the spinal accessory nerve and arterial patterns were normal.
Conclusions: The Knowledge of the presence of additional heads of sternocleidomastoideus muscle it might cause difficulties in subclavian or external jugular vein catheterization, and in surgical interventions involving structures lying under the sternocleidomastoideus muscle. These variations must be kept in mind while approaching the region to avoid complications as the classical anatomical landmarks might be misinterpreted and confuse
Life perspectives of adolescents in the puerperium
Get PDFObjective: identify the life perspectives of adolescents in the puerperal period, identifying their feelings regarding motherhood.
Method: qualitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study, carried out at a public maternity hospital located in João Pessoa/PB. The population consisted of 16 adolescents in the puerperal period. Data were collected from semi-structured questionnaires and the data analysis used descriptive statistics. The Research Ethics Committee of Nova Esperança Colleges approved it, protocol number 41/14 and CAAE: 24222214.0.0000.5179.
Results: the following categories emerged: 1. Sensations and feelings related to the discovery of being a mother; 2. Concern about herself and the baby; 3. Changes in the life routine; 4. Perspectives for future projects. The results reinforce the need to know better the dreams and the ideals that guide the life projects of the adolescents in the puerperal period, in an attempt to construct prevention strategies that are closer to the needs generated in this population group.
Conclusion: The adolescents believed in a promising future, despite difficulties encountered resulting from motherhood. The contribution of the study as a subsidy for the reflection of health professionals about the problem of being a mother during adolescence stands out, which positively influences the quality of care.
Descriptors: Nursing; Pregnancy in adolescence; Postpartum period
Revisiting Chagas disease and its cardiac implications: an integrative review study for nursing practice
Get PDFGoals: Identify relevant aspects found in the literature regarding nursing actions in caring for adults with Chagas cardiomyopathy.
Methods: An integrative review was performed. The research was guided by the question: "What information and actions should nurses know about when taking care of adults with Chagas cardiomyopathy?"
Results: Eleven articles were identified, published in the last 10 years. This study showed that: patients with Chagas cardiomyopathy have more severe symptoms than with other etiologies of heart failure and higher prevalence of indications for artificial heart pacemakers; there is a knowledge gap among health professionals regarding this disease; and these patients face prolonged hospital stays until heart transplantation with a consequent drop in their quality of life, calling for interventions with a focus on self-management of the disease.
Conclusions: The planning of nursing interventions that result in improved quality of life, symptom control, and increased adherence to pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy is essential in the care of patients with Chagas disease.
Keywords: nursing, Chagas disease, Chagas cardiomyopath
Nursing Diagnosis of Impaired Physical Mobility in Elderly People at Primary Health Care
Get PDFObjective: to identify the frequency of the nursing diagnosis of Impaired Physical Mobility Impairment and its components in elderly population registered in a Primary Health Care Unit.
Method: cross-sectional study conducted from November 2014 to February 2015, performed with 50 seniors at their homes. A questionnaire on patients's identification, their health conditions and their mobility was used.
Results: the nursing diagnosis in question was identified in 71.4% of the population. The most present related factors were: lack of knowledge about the advantages of physical activity (66.7%), discomfort (76.9%), pain (82.1%), joint stiffness (76+9%) and sedentary lifestyle (82.1%). The defining characteristics were: limited capacity to perform gross motor skills (89.7%) and fine motor skills (56.4%), and engagement in substitution of movements (74.4%).
Conclusion: participants showed difficulties related to physical mobility, evidencing a need for better care from health professionals.
Keywords: Nursing Diagnosis; Elderly; Nursing.
 
Assistance Network and Morbi-Mortality Pattern Of Hypertension in a Metropolitan area Of Northeast Brazil
Get PDFThe aim of this study is to know the assistance network and the morbimortality pattern of hypertension in a metropolitan area. A search was performed in the government platforms to determine the assistance network for patients with hypertension in the city of Fortaleza, Northeast Brazil. We have reviewed the database in the period from 2010 to 2014 to investigate the hospital admissions and deaths due to hypertension and its related diseases. 23,709 patients are registered with diagnosis of hypertension. Primary care is given in 92 health centers, and the specialized care is provided in 112 units. Tertiary attention is given in 4 reference hospitals. Hypertension was the main cause of death in 67 patients admitted in that period, and cardiovascular diseases were responsible for 7,955 deaths. The assistance network for hypertension is well structured in this city, but due to the increasing population there is need to expand this networ