South East Asia Journal of Medical Sciences
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Transoral microscopic approach to epidermoid cyst in submandibular space
Get PDFDermoid cysts are developmental anomalies that arise due to defect in the fusion of embryonic lateral mesenchymal approaches during fifth week of embryonic development. Dermoid cysts can be further subdivided into epidermoid , dermoid and teratoid cysts based on the lining epithelium and contents .We present an unusual case of 32 year old female who presented with a swelling in submandibular space, for whom an initial differential diagnosis of plunging ranula was made. The patient underwent an intraoral microscopic excision of tumor under GA following cytology and radiological investigations .Here we would like to stress the importance of multidisciplinary approach to the disease inorder to confirm the diagnosis, considering the manifold differentials and plan surgical approach. Furthermore, the benefits of undergoing an intra oral microscopic excision of the tumor, as it provides better cosmesis , functional outcome and reduced hospital stay.
Keywords: Floor of mouth; Submandibular space; Microscopic excision; Epidermoid cysts; Dermoid cysts
Role of topical cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) in the management of electric burns
Get PDFElectric burns are known to be difficult in healing as well as wound management. Infection in such chronic wounds can be detrimental and hence needs to be controlled for faster improvement. These chronic wounds also lack various chemokines and growth factors and needs to be supplemented. This article highlights the role of topical cholecalciferol in the management of electric burns.
Keywords: Topical cholecalciferol, Electric burn
Mobile blood collection during COVID-19
Get PDFCOVID-19 is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus that infects human and certain animals. That enters its host cell by binding to the angiotensin covering enzyme 2 receptor. Highly contagious with the possibility of causing severe respiratory disease. Purpose of the study was to discuss the requirement and importance of the challenge of blood collection, during corona outbreak. A well-equipped mobile blood bank van with all staff of blood bank conducted a blood donation camp in and around Vijayapur district by maintaining the social distancing. The pre-camp awareness program was conducted to all the donors and made them mentally fit by giving them awareness, and removing fear, anxiety, about coronavirus. Total three camps were conducted and collected ninety whole blood bags. Blood collection is necessary during COVID -19 emergency to the patients of pregnant women, accident cases, Surgery, Thalassemia, Hemophilia and severely anaemic patients.
Keywords: Blood and Blood Components; Coronavirus; Mobile va
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Hygiene and Sanitation among population of selected districts in Province No. 2, Nepal
Get PDFProper hygiene and inadequate sanitation has direct effect on health of individual, family, communities and nation as a whole. Provision of accessible, affordable and acceptable safe drinking water facility, optimum hygiene and sanitation to each and every individual of the world regarding to caste, ethnicity, gender, socio-economic status and geographical location is essential. Thus, the objective of this study was designed to assess knowledge, attitude and practice of hygiene and sanitation on population of selected districts of Province No. 2 in Nepal. Methods This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted from April to June 2019 in selected districts of Province No. 2, Nepal. 450 study participants were enrolled. Convenient sampling method was applied by designing standard structured questionnaire. Data was entered in SPSS 18 and p-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results The results of this study reflect 82.22% respondents had knowledge that most of the diseases are caused by the lack of sanitation whereas 51.11% were familiar that the disease are caused by the collection of water around house. 92% respondents had disagreed about open defecation, 96% respondents had agreed about hand should be washed after defecation and 82% respondents had agreed on nail should be trimmed at regular interval. All respondents had brushing habit, 67.78% respondents used brush in their brushing habit, 33.56% had daily bathing habit, 20% washed clothes daily and only 15.55% used soap for washing hands after handling cattle dung. Association between education and using toilet facilities was found to be significant (p-value <0.05) but correlation between using toilet facilities and type of family among community people was statistically insignificant (p- value > 0.05). Conclusion The overall knowledge, attitude and practice on hygiene and sanitation among study participants were better, good and satisfactory respectively. Environmental sanitation program, development of household wastes, water treatment procedures and safe water storage should be done in community system and awareness programs should be carried on a regular basis.
KEYWORDS: Attitude, Hygiene, Knowledge, Practice, Sanitation, Unsafe wate
Role of JIPMER Proforma in Diabetic Foot Management
Get PDFDiabetes mellitus is a chronic disease which is a burden not only physically, but also socially and financially. One of the common presentation of diabetic patient to the hospital is with diabetic foot infections. Various proformas are in use for the assessment of such patients. Guidelines are provided for effective management. We would like to give our experience of use of a proforma compiled by JIPMER plastic surgery department.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Proforma, Diabetic foot infection
Prevalence, Indications and Complications for Cesarean Sections at District Hospital of Eastern Nepal
Get PDFIntroduction: Cesarean Section (CS) is one of the most common obstetric operative procedures. The procedure of cesarean section is still challenging in hospitals, from rural areas of low-income countries like Nepal, where health resources remain scarce and limited. The aim of this study is to understand the prevalence of cesarean section, clinical indications that prompts CS and maternal complications following CS. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, all cases of delivery at Ilam District Hospital from Jul 16, 2017 to Jul 15, 2018 were included. Ethical approval was obtained from the institution. Patients attending the hospital were from hilly and remote areas of Ilam, Pachthar and Taplejung districts. The prevalence, clinical indications and outcomes of CS were recorded. Data analysis were conducted using Microsoft Excel. Results: The prevalence of cesarean section was 162(14.70%). The mean maternal age was 24.59 (range 17-39) years. Fetal distress was the leading indication and accounted for 57(35.18%) cases for CS, followed by non-progress of labour 40(24.69%), failed induction 23(14.19%), Cephalopelvic disproportion 17(10.49%) and Breech or malpresentation 11(6.79%). Most of the patients were primigravida 115(70.98%) and mean gestational weeks was 40.21(range 36-44). No major maternal complications were noted. Neonatal mean weight was 3.52(2-5.5) kg and APGAR score of more than 6 at 5th minute were recorded in 158 (97.53%) of newborns. Conclusion: The CS prevalence in our study was within the WHO recommendations of 10-15%. The leading indications for CS were fetal distress and no major complications were seen in mothers or newborns following CS.
Keywords: cesarean section ( CS ); indication; complications; fetal and maternal outcome
A Narrow Escape. High-energy Comminuted Fractures of Sacrum and Pelvis - are they always associated with neurological deficits? A report of two cases.
Get PDFHigh-energy impact sacral fractures after polytrauma are often assumed to be associated with significant neurological damage especially when the fractures are in Denis Zones 2 & 3 where the sacral foramina and canal are involved.We present two cases of high energy impact polytrauma with sacral fractures involving Denis Zone 2. Both these patients underwent spine instrumentation and stabilization surgeries; however, they did not have significant neurological damage despite the injury being close to the sacral foramina. Our findings in these two cases along with recent evidence suggest that the risk of lumbosacral plexus injury is not related to the zone of sacral fractures, but rather related to the displacement of the pelvis and with transverse fractures
THE RISK FACTORS OF PENILE CANCER PATIENTS IN ARIFIN ACHMAD REGIONAL GENERAL HOSPITAL, RIAU PROVINCE, INDONESIA
Get PDFIntroduction: To evaluate the incidence rate, patient profile, and risk factors of penile cancer patients. Material & method: We reviewed the medical records of incidence rate, patient profile, and risk factors patients of penile cancer in Arifin Achmad Hospital Regional General of Riau Province in January 2013 to December 2017. The data collected were age, histopathology types, smoking history, ethnic/tribes, circumcision history and city/district origin. Approval on the study was obtained from the Ethical Review Board for Medicine and Health Research, Medical Faculty, University of Riau.Result: There were 20 penile cancer patients. Penile cancer was frequently (40%) diagnosed in the 46-55 age group. Most patients came from Pekanbaru city in 25% and most (60%) patients were Batak tribes followed by Malay tribes (15%). Sixty percent of patients had risk factors for smoking history and 75% were not circumcised. All penile cancer patients had histopathology results in the form of squamous cell carcinoma.Conclusion: Risks factors of penile cancer patients in our hospital were Pekanbaru city origin, Batak tribe, smoking history, and not circumcised
Accidental vs. deliberate overdose admissions to the emergency department in Bali's largest hospital - a look into the effects of mental health on Indonesia's substance abuse problem
Get PDFBackgroundMental health care in Indonesia is under-resourced, drugs are easily available, and alcohol use is rising, increasing the risk of accidental and deliberate overdose. AimsIdentify the demographics of overdose patients presenting to the emergency department. Determine the substances commonly used in overdose; the percentage of accidental vs. deliberate overdoses; the psychiatric history of overdose patients; the reasons behind the overdoses occurring.Methods22 overdose patients over the age of 18 that had presented to the emergency department at the RSUP Sanglah Hospital in a 1-year period were included in the study. Data were collected from records kept by the hospital on gender, age, nationality, substance(s) used in overdose, presence of psychiatric disorder, whether the overdose was accidental or deliberate, and the reason behind the overdose. Microsoft Excel was used to collect and analyse the data.ResultsOverdoses were predominantly carried out by male Indonesians aged 25-34. Alcohol was the most common substance used (n=5, 22.7%). 55.5% (n= 12) of overdoses were accidental and 45.5% (n=10) were deliberate. 3 out of 22 patients had a diagnosed mental disorder. The unknown quantity consumed; unknown content consumed; over-consumption; and spiked drink caused an accidental overdose. Suicidality and family issues caused a deliberate overdose.ConclusionsOverdose rates were lower than expected. Accidental overdoses are likely due to easy access to substances, and a fear of retribution preventing admission to hospital. The high deliberate overdose rate plus low mental disorder rate suggests patients reach a mental-health crisis point before being diagnosed with a mental disorder.Â
Colchicine-induced pancreatitis in an elderly patient with renal impairment: A case report
Get PDFColchicine is widely used in the treatment of acute gout. It has a narrow therapeutic window and can be extremely toxic in vulnerable older patients especially those with renal impairment. The most common side effects are gastrointestinal related, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain. Colchicine-induced acute pancreatitis is very rare especially within therapeutic dose range. We report an atypical presentation of acute pancreatitis caused by a therapeutic dose of colchicine in an elderly patient with preexisting chronic renal disease