UIN (Universitas Islam Negeri) Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta: E-Journal Fakultas Syariah dan Ilmu Hukum
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Perilaku Ekonomi dan Dampak Risikonya Bank Syariah di Yogyakarta dalam Pembiayaan Mudarabah dan Murabahah bagi Dana Deposan
Get PDFThis research tries to check the potency of risk of Islamic bank in defrayal of muḍārabah and murābaḥah. This research was inspired from ascription of whereas one who said that the Islamic banks have not been risk because they have owned the guidance of risk management published by Bank Indonesia (BI). One way to assess the existence of potency of risk of Islamic bank in its defrayal product is using the theory of behavioral economics which’s in general differentiated to two categories, that is rational that which tends to be risk and irrasional that which tend to be not risk. Rational behavior is presented by the approach of efficiency market hyphotesis (EMH) and irrational behavior is presented by the approach of adaptive market hypothesis (AMH) And behavioral finance (BF). This research objects are four Islamic banks in Yogyakarta. After conducting by tracing of field data then found that four Islamic banks affirm still face the risk in their operational, especially operational risk, risk of credit and risk of liquidity. Four banks show that their behaviors are irrasional because tend to show the behavior of AMH and BF, than EMH. Thereby its risk potency tends to minimizes to rate of return of clients of deposan or third party lenders (DPK).
Penelitian ini mencoba untuk melihat potensi risiko bank syariah dalam pembiayaan muḍārabah dan murābaḥah. Penelitian ini terinspirasi dari anggapan yang mengatakan bahwa bank syariah tidak memiliki risiko karena telah memiliki pedoman manajemen risiko yang diterbitkan oleh Bank Indonesia (BI). Salah satu cara untuk melihat adanya potensi risiko bank syariah dalam produk pembiayaan adalah dengan menggunakan teori ekonomi perilaku yang secara umum dibedakan menjadi dua kategori, yaitu perilaku rasional yang cenderung berisiko dan perilaku irasional yang cenderung tidak berisiko. Perilaku rasional dipresentasikan dengan pendekatan efficiency market hyphotesis (EMH) dan perilaku irasional dipresentasikan dengan pendekatan adaptive market hyphotesis (AMH) dan behavioral finance (BF). Objek penelitian ini adalah empat bank syariah di Yogyakarta. Setelah melakukan penelusuran data lapangan maka ditemukan bahwa keempat bank syariah tersebut menegaskan masih menghadapi risiko dalam operasionalnya, terutama risiko operasional, risiko kredit dan risiko likuiditas. Keempat bank tersebut menunjukkan bahwa perilakunya tidak rasional karena cenderung menunjukkan perilaku AMH dan BF dibandingkan EMH. Dengan demikian potensi risikonya cenderung meminimalkan tingkat pengembalian nasabah deposan atau dana pihak ketiga (DPK)
The Failure of Divorce Mediation: The Role of Attorney in the Mediation Process of Divorce Cases in Indonesia
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the role of an attorney in the mediation process of divorce cases at the Sleman Indonesia Religious Court. In some divorce cases, a lawyer can appear to influence his client (the litigant) in the mediation room. Because of the lawyer's intervention, the disputing parties who initially wanted a settlement change their decision to divorce. This study is a field study whose data is collected through interviews and observations at the Sleman Religious Court. It employed legal ethics theory to analyze the role of an attorney in the divorce mediation process and legal system theory to analyze several factors that cause the failure of divorce mediation, as well as whether an attorney has a role. The results of this study show that many attorneys have carried out their duties by the Advocate Code of Ethics and by the regulations on mediation procedures in the court. However, some advocates still try to influence their clients in the mediation process. From a juridical perspective, it cannot be justified, as it does not follow the law and ethics. However, it is not entirely to blame, because in terms of legal structure, there are mediation facilities at the Sleman Religious Court that are not regulated by the Supreme Court, such as mediation rooms that are not soundproof, so that the attorney hears the conversation between the mediator and the principal
The Practice of Islamic Philanthropy in Indonesian History a Book Review of (Filantropi Islam: Sejarah dan Kontestasi Masyarakat Sipil dan Negara di Indonesia)
Get PDFPhilanthropic activities have a major contribution to the development of social welfare in Indonesia. The practice of philanthropy has a positive impact on people's lives both in the social and economic spheres. As the majority religious group in Indonesia, Muslims have contributed significantly to improving the welfare of society through Islamic philanthropy movements such as waqf, sadaqah, zakat and infaq. The Islamic philanthropy movement in Indonesia has been massively practiced since the Dutch colonial period until today. The movement has gone through various changes and dynamics in its implementation. The development and dynamics of the practice of Islamic philanthropy in Indonesia could be seen from generation to generation, starting from the Dutch colonial period to the post-reform period. This is a book review of the book Islamic Philanthropy: History and Contestation of Civil Society and the State in Indonesia by Amelia Fauzia. This book review recommends that this book should be widely read by those who seek to deepen knowledge about the practice of Islamic philanthropy in Indonesia from the Dutch colonial period to the reformation era.
Kegiatan filantropi memiliki andil besar dalam pengembangan kesejahteraan masyarakat di Indonesia. Praktik filantropi memberikan dampak positif bagi kehidupan masyarakat baik pada bidang sosial maupun ekonomi. Sebagai kelompok agama mayoritas di Indonesia, umat Islam telah memberikan kontribusi besar dalam upaya meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat melalui gerakan filantropi Islam seperti wakaf, sedekah, zakat, dan infaq. Gerakan filantropi Islam di Indonesia secara masif dilakukan sejak masa penjajahan Belanda hingga sampai saat ini. Gerakan tersebut telah melewati berbagai dinamika dalam pelaksanaannya. Perkembangan dan dinamika praktik filantropi Islam di Indonesia dapat di lihat dari masa ke masa, mulai pada saat masa penjajahan belanda hingga masa pasca reformasi. Artikel ini merupakan book review atas buku Filantropi Islam: Sejarah dan Kontestasi Masyarakat Sipil dan Negara di Indonesia karya Amelia Fauzia. Book review ini merekomendasikan buku ini untuk dibaca oleh kalangan yang ingin memperdalam pengetahuan mengenai praktik filantropi Islam di Indonesia dari masa pemerintahan Belanda, hingga masa era reformasi
HAK DAN KEWAJIBAN SUAMI ISTRI PADA KELUARGA TKI DI DESA TRESNOREJO, KEBUMEN, JAWA TENGAH: ANTARA YURIDIS DAN REALITA
Get PDFThe phenomenon of husband or wife working as Indonesian Labor (TKI) is not a new among people of Tresnorejo village, Kebumen, Jawa Tengah. The reason they work as TKI is to improve the welfare of households, because Tresnorejo’s villager income still low. Their job they rely on is making a caping - Asian conical hat made of plaited bamboo. In Islamic law, the husband requires to give his wife and family needs, like clothing, food and house. Wife is not forbidden to work in order to help her husband earning a living for the family. On the basis of voluntary work of his wife, the work considered charity for the husband . The implementation of the rights and obligations between husband and wife in the family did not violate Islamic law, because of the balance between madārat and maslahah, but it could also result in a negative on the family. Islamic law does not forbid, his wife helped work to earn a living for the family. On the basis of voluntary work with his wife, then considered the husband wife charity. Implementation of the fulfillment of the rights and obligations of husband and wife in the family did not violate Islamic law, TKI, as between mad}ārat and mas}lah}ah it is balanced, but it could also result in a negative impact on the family.[Fenomena suami atau istri bekerja sebagai TKI bukanlah fenomena baru bagi masyarakat Desa Tresnorejo. Faktor yang mendorong suami atau istri bekerja sebagai TKI adalah ingin meningkatkan kesejahteraan rumah tangga. Hal ini disebabkan oleh penghasilan warga Desa Tresnorejo yang masih kurang (hanya mengandalkan hasil dari pertanian dan usaha membuat tudung—caping yang terbuat dari anyaman bambu). Hukum Islam mewajibkan suami untuk menafkahi istri dan keluarganya; mulai dari sandang, pangan sampai papan. Hukum Islam tidak melarang, istrinya membantu bekerja mencari nafkah untuk keluarga. Atas dasar istrinya bekerja dengan sukarela, maka dianggap sedekah istri kepada suami. Pelaksanaan pemenuhan hak dan kewajiban suami istri pada keluarga TKI tidak melanggar hukum Islam, karena antara mad}ārat dan māslah}ah itu seimbang, namun hal tersebut juga bisa mengakibatkan dampak negatif pada keluarga.
Peran Religiusitas terhadap Permintaan Menabung di Bank Syari'ah
No full textPerkembangan perbankan syari'ah dalam satu dekade terakhir menunjukkan adanya percepatan. Meskipun demikian. pangsa perbankan syari'ah terhadap perbankan nasional masih dibawah target yang diharapkan. Kelompok masyarakat mengambang (floating mass) diduga masih mendominasi nasabah di perbankan syari'ah. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengkaji variabel penentu nasabah dalam manabung di bank syari'ah, khususnya aspek keuntungan bagi nasabah, dengan mengambil sampel masyarakat Kota Yogyakarta. Dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, regresi berganda, ditemukan bahwa faktor layanan, referensi relasi, pendidikan dan religiusitas nasabah berpengaruh positif terhadap permintaan tabungan. Di sisi lain. aspek usia, dan referensi tidak signifikan pengaruhnya terhadap permintaan tabungan di bank syari'ah
Judgement without Sanction on Corporation's Forest Burning; Judges and In Dubio Pro Natura Principle in Indonesia
No full textThis study aims to analyze judges' decisions related to forest fire cases. More specifically, it seeks to analyze the judges' reasoning based on the principles of justice, legal certainty, and public interest, as well as the application of the principle of in dubio pro natura in environmental damage cases. Forest and land burning for plantation purposes continues to increase, and legal efforts and law enforcement face numerous obstacles in terms of evidence. As a result, many forest and land burning cases go unpunished. The decision No. 233/Pid.b/Lh. 2020/Pn.Pbu and the cassation decision No. 3840 K/Pid.Sus.Lh/2021 acquitted the defendant PT S of liability for the forest and land fire incident. To analyze this case, the study uses Gustav Radbruch's theory of the purpose of law, which includes justice, legal certainty, and utility. The decisions of the first-instance court and the cassation court failed to adequately consider the principles of justice and utility, particularly regarding environmental protection. Although the principle of “in dubio pro natura” was applied, the judges' decision relied more on the logic of legal certainty, which only determines the decision based on evidence presented in court rather than the actual facts on the ground where the forest fire occurred. The principle of precaution was ignored by the defendant and overlooked by the judges
Beyond the Veil: Deconstructing Gender Activism and Islamic Identity in Post-Secular Public Spaces among Muslim Women in Indonesia
Get PDFThis study investigates how Muslim women navigate their Islamic identity, engage in gender activism, and operate within post-secular public spaces. By applying semiotic principles, it examines how female activists challenge traditional religious norms and societal expectations to develop polysemic expressions of Islamic identity. By interviewing and analyzing four leading Indonesian Muslim women activists, highlight how these women redefine their roles within religious and societal contexts through activism. Reshaping public perceptions of non-hijabi Muslim women activists. The findings reveal that; [1], gender is not a static category but something negotiated and shaped through actions and reinterpretation of identity in socio-religious contexts. It underscores the dynamic nature of activism, where hijab is reinterpreted not as a rigid religious mandate but as a fluid cultural mandate. [2], activists employ traditional and innovative markers to articulate their identities, challenging the hegemonic narrative imposed by religious and political authorities. The fact that Islamic identity coexists with modernity and inclusivity. In conclusion, this paper contributes to a nuanced understanding of the evolving roles of Muslim women activists.
[Penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana perempuan Muslim menavigasi identitas keislaman mereka, aktif sebagai aktitvis gender, dan di ruang publik pasca-sekuler. Dengan menerapkan prinsip semiotika, riset ini mempelajari bagaimana para aktivis perempuan menantang norma agama tradisional dan ekspektasi masyarakat guna mengeksplor ekspresi identitas Islam yang bersifat polisemik. Melalui wawancara dan analisis terhadap empat aktivis perempuan terkemuka Indonesia, penelitian menyoroti bagaimana para perempuan tersebut meredefinisi peran mereka dalam konteks agama dan sosial melalui aktivisme, sekaligus mendekonstruksi persepsi publik terhadap aktivis muslimah yang tidak berhijab. Temuan menunjukan: [1], gender bukan kategori statis, melainkan sesuatu yang bisa dinegosiasikan dan dibentuk melalui tindakan dan reinterpretasi dalam konteks socio-religious. Menegaskan bahwa aktivisme bersifat dinamis, dimana hijab tidak tidak lagi dimaknai sebagai kewajiban agama yang kaku tetapi mandat budaya yang fleksibel/luwes. [2], Para aktivis memanfaatkan simbol tradisional dan inovatif untuk mengartikulasi identitas mereka. Menantang narasi hegemoni otoritas agama dan politik. Karena sejatinya identitas Islam dapat berdampingan dengan modernitas dan inklusivitas. Pada akhirnya, paper ini berkonstribusi pada pemahaman yang lebih mendalam mengenai peran muslimah yang terus berkembang dalam aktivisme.
Integrating Spinoza’s Philosophy of Civil Law into Indonesian Judicial Reasoning: Toward a Justice-Oriented Legal Framework
Get PDFPrevious studies on Spinoza have generally focused on his political and theological philosophy, while the application of his concept of civil law in judicial decision-making practice has been rarely discussed, creating a research gap in the context of its application to modern legal systems. This research aims to integrate Spinoza's philosophy of civil law—rooted in rationality, equality, and moral order—into the framework of judicial consideration in Indonesia, where the balance between positive law and justice remains challenging. Using a normative juridical method with statutory, comparative, and conceptual approaches, this research examines relevant legal provisions and comparative practices from democratic countries such as the United States, France, Germany, India, and New Zealand, as well as the philosophical foundations of Spinoza's thinking on civil law and justice. The research findings indicate that Spinoza's view of law as a rational agreement based on moral necessity aligns with the principles of freedom, equality, and human dignity in the Indonesian Constitution. Integrating this idea into legal considerations can guide judges to move beyond formalistic interpretations towards justice oriented towards morality and humanity. Theoretically, this research contributes by offering a philosophical framework for rational legal reasoning, while practically providing a model for balancing legal certainty with moral justice in judicial practice and law enforcement in Indonesia
Between Hibah and Waṣiat Wājibah for Non-Muslims: Expansive Legal Interpretations by Indonesian Religious Judges in Inheritance Cases
Get PDFApart from gender, differences in religious affiliation have often been perceived as negatively impacting the rights of non-Muslims in the practice of family law within Muslim jurisdictions. This article challenges that assumption by presenting recent evidence from the practice of religious courts in Indonesia, specifically in inheritance cases involving testators without heirs. It aims to analyze the legal arguments employed by religious judges in granting the testator’s estate to non-Muslim cognates through hibah (gift). By examining three court verdicts, from the first instance to the cassation level, the author finds that religious judges utilize both juridical and philosophical reasoning to accommodate the rights of non-Muslims via the institution of hibah wājibah (mandatory gift). While the juridical arguments at the first-instance level align with classical fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence), which prescribes allocating the testator’s estate to the bait al-māl (public treasury), higher-level judges deviate from this approach. They adopt an expansive interpretation of hibah provisions, prioritizing societal justice over rigid adherence to classical fiqh rules. Unlike waṣiat wājibah (mandatory will), hibah wājibah offers greater flexibility, as a maximum limit does not constrain it. The author argues that the state’s efforts to encourage religious judges to shift away from rigid classical fiqh references have been gradually successful. This finding carries significant implications for promoting justice and equality among citizens, regardless of their religious affiliation.
[Perbedaan afiliasi agama, selain gender, berdampak negatif pada hak yang diterima oleh non-muslim dalam praktik hukum keluarga di yurisdiksi muslim. Artikel ini membantah asumsi ini dengan menyajikan bukti terbaru melalui praktik peradilan agama Indonesia pada kasus pewaris tidak memiliki ahli waris. Untuk itu, artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis argumentasi hukum yang digunakan oleh para hakim agama dalam menyelesaikan kasus tersebut yang melibatkan kerabat non-muslim. Melalui analisis isi terhadap tiga putusan pengadilan agama dari tingkat pertama sampai kasasi, penulis menemukan bahwa para hakim menggunakan argumentasi yuridis dan filosofis untuk mengakomodasi hak-hak non-muslim melalui institusi hibah wajibah. Meskipun argumentasi yuridis para hakim agama pada tingkat pertama kompatibel dengan ketentuan fikih klasik yang memberikan harta peninggalan tersebut ke bait al-māl, namun argumentasi hukum para hakim pada dua tingkat terakhir cenderung mengabaikannya. Mereka menginterpretasikan secara ekspansif ketentuan tentang hibah dengan mempertimbangkan rasa keadilan yang hidup di masyarakat. Pemenuhan hak-hak non-muslim melalui hibah wajibah ini lebih fleksibel, karena tidak memiliki batas maksimal bagian sebagaimana dalam wasiat wajibah. Penulis berargumentasi bahwa upaya negara menjauhkan para hakim agama dari merujuk pada ketentuan fikih klasik berhasil secara bertahap. Temuan ini berimplikasi terhadap keadilan dan persamaan hak antar warga negara, tanpa memandang afiliasi agama.
Pengkerdilan Tindakan Aparat terhadap KKB Papua: Dilema Penegakan HAM dalam Kasus KKB Papua
Get PDFPapua adalah wilayah paling timur Indonesia, terletak di bagian barat pulau Papua yang berbatasan dengan Papua Nugini. Wilayah ini meliputi dua provinsi yaitu Papua dan Papua Barat. Sejarah Papua menjadi bagian dari Indonesia terdapat beberapa peristiwa penting yang berhubungan dengan dekolonisasi, politik internasional dan konflik antara Belanda dan Indonesia. Papua yang dikenal sebagai Nugini Belanda merupakan bagian dari wilayah Hindia Belanda yang dikuasai oleh Belanda. Organisasi Papua Merdeka (OPM) didirikan sebagai gerakan separatis yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kemerdekaan bagi Papua dari Indonesia. Mereka terlibat dalam berbagai bentuk perlawanan, termasuk aksi-aksi bersenjata. Sejak awal, pemerintah Indonesia telah menganggap OPM sebagai ancaman terhadap integritas nasional dan telah melakukan berbagai operasi militer. Beberapa faksi mendukung perjuangan melalui cara-cara damai, sementara yang lain terus melakukan perlawanan bersenjata. Seiring berjalannya waktu gerakan ini mengalami dinamika internal termasuk perpecahan dan pergantian kepemimpinan. Konflik di Papua masih berlangsung dengan intensitas yang berbeda-beda