Open Journal Systems at the Victoria University of Wellington Library
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Dismissing the Staff: Domestic Servants and a Historic House in Dunedin, New Zealand
Get PDFWhilst house museums are a relatively recent phenomenon in New Zealand, they nevertheless form an integral part not only of the history of New Zealand museums but also of New Zealand culture. As such, their present organisation reflects public historical consciousness in terms of perceptions and values that we have held and continue to hold. This article focuses on Olveston, a historic house in Dunedin,[i] as a case study of popular engagement with the past, and argues that a broader analysis of early twentieth-century social structure is required—one that includes the role of domestic servants in the household. It complements and supplements recent historical scholarship on house museums which argues that a more authentic and inclusive interpretation of the social relationship between employers and their servants—including class and racial antagonism—would lead to a greater connection with visitors.[ii] Initially, I will examine the pertinent literature on house museums in general and their servants in particular, as well as questions facing historic houses, moving finally to a detailed descriptive analysis of servants in Olveston.
 
Reflections on Not In Narrow Seas: The Economic History of Aotearoa New Zealand 2
Get PDFStudying history helps us to understand the present—how did we get to where we are today? In this sense, Brian’s book reads to me as an attempt to answer the question: where on earth did Rogernomics come from? Was it an organic, logical product of the past course of New Zealand society and economy or was it a temporary and ultimately unsustainable ideological capture of the state in what Bruce Jesson (cited by Brian on p. 99 of his book) called a “hollow society” lacking checks and balances?
 
Models of Relevant Arithmetic
Get PDFIt is well known that the relevant arithmetic R# admits finite models whose domains are the integers modulo n rather than the expected natural numbers. Less well appreciated is the fact that the logic of these models is much more subtle than that of the three-valued structure in which they are usually presented. In this paper we consider the DeMorgan monoids in which R# can be modelled, deriving a fairly complete account of those modelling the stronger arithmetic RM# modulo n and a partial account for the case of R# modulo a prime number. The more general case in which the modulus is arbitrary is shown to lead to infinite propositional structures even with the additional constraint that '0=1' implies everything
From Munich to Christchurch: International Sport and the Threat of Terrorism
Get PDFThe 1972 Munich Olympic Games is remembered for the terrorist attack which resulted in 11 members of the Israeli team being killed. It highlighted that sporting events and teams can be targeted by terrorists due to the high media profile that major sporting events attract. Since this time, high level security has been an important organising consideration for the Olympic Games, something that has increased since the September 11 attacks in the United States in 2001. Other sporting teams, namely the Togo national football team and the Sri Lanka national cricket team, have likewise been targeted. The international aspect of many sports requires extensive touring to other countries, and this has resulted in various touring teams being in places that have been terrorist targets, as the New Zealand national cricket team experienced in Pakistan. New Zealand is not a region of the world prone to terrorism problems, but the March 15 attack on a Christchurch mosque could have led to loss of life amongst the touring Bangladesh national cricket team. No region or country is free from potential terrorist attacks involving sporting teams
An Unsound Rule for the Assessment of Contract Damages
Get PDFThis article challenges the long-standing rule concerning the assessment of damages for breach of contract that, where the contract allows for alternative methods of performance by the promisor, damages are to be calculated by reference to the minimum level of performance provided for in the terms of the contract. It is argued that the rule is inconsistent with the compensatory principle and that, since it has been undermined by various qualifications or exceptions that severely curtail its operation, it would improve the coherence of the law of damages if it were abandoned
Architectural style spreads its wings: New Zealand Architecture in the 1880s
Get PDFThe 1880s was a period in New Zealand of economic depression. It caused "unemployment, family distress, ragged children and exploited women workers, general business collapse, a crash in the property market, a ten-year banking crisis, bankruptcies and unstable ministries." But despite this Hodgson identifies this period in New Zealand's architectural history as one when: "Architectural style ... started to spread its wings and this period contains some fine examples of building design which was definitely out of the mainstream.
"all the appearances of being innovative": New Zealand architecture in the 1970s
Get PDFMike Austin's seemingly faint praise, in a 1974 review of a medium-density housing development, that the architecture had "all the appearances of being innovative," is echoed in Douglas lloyd Jenkins' observation that: "Although the 1970s projected an aura of pioneering individualism, the image disguised a high degree of conformity." The decade's anxious commencement, with the imminent threat of the European Economic Community (EEC) undermining our economic relationship with "Mother Britain," was perhaps symptomatic of a risqué appearance being only skin deep. Our historic access to Britain's market to sell butter and cheese was eventually secured in the Luxembourg agreement, which temporarily retained New Zealand trade, but with reducing quotas, as a mechanism to gradually wean New Zealand's financial dependency on exports to Britain
Culture Shock: the legacy of the 1960s power generation schemes in Aotearoa New Zealand
Get PDFIn 1960s Aotearoa New Zealand the response to a post war energy shortage was to look to the country's rivers, lakes, and geothermal areas as a source of electric power. The Ministry of Works began a programme of dam building which peaked in the 1960s and made irreversible changes our lakes, rivers, and landscapes. Although New Zealand now produces about 80% of its electricity through renewable energy, the 1960s also saw a rise in environmental activism and a revaluing of the natural "wilderness." Professor John Salmon's influential book, Heritage Destroyed: The Crisis in Scenery Preservation in New Zealand (1960), drew public attention to the environmental degradation caused by large-scale engineering projects, and the decade ended with the "Save Manapōuri" campaign which, in the early 1970s, prevented the raising of lakes Manapōuri and Te Anau to guarantee power to the Tiwai Point aluminium smelter. This paper considers the legacy of the 1960s power generation schemes, including changes to the physical landscape; new legislation for the preservation of the built and natural environments; and alternative ways to consider the cultural and natural landscapes that prioritise Te Mana o te Wai
An Ethical Framework for Facial Recognition Use in New Zealand
Get PDFFacial recognition technology is an increasingly growing, constantly adapting technology. It can serve many benefits for legal entities in many ways. Examples of this would be biometric recognition or border control at an airport. Because of its power and efficiency, many legal entities are looking to utilise this technology. With this continued growth comes ethical concerns about ensuring data privacy for individuals whose data is collected, used, and stored to power this technology. Currently, there is a lack of an ethical framework for legal entities to adopt, follow and utilise within New Zealand. This makes it an ethical grey area for the businesses and individuals looking to utilise this technology. This document aims to review existing frameworks about facial recognition technology,finally concluding a code of ethics for facial recognition use in New Zealand for the engineering profession
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