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Richard Routley, "Semantic Analysis of Entailment and Relevant Implication: I"
No full textA transcription of Richard Routley's manuscript, "Semantic Analysis of Entailment and Relevant Implication: I"
Reflections on Routley's Ultralogic Program
Get PDFIn this paper, I take up three tasks in turn. The first is to set out what Routley thought we should demand of an all-purpose universal logic, and some of his reasons for those demands. The second is to sketch Routley's own response to those demands. The third is to explore how else we could satisfy some of the theoretical demands Routley identified, if we are not to follow him in endorsing Routleyan Ultralogic as a foundational logic. As part of this third project, I articulate what seems to me a preferable way of going to respond to the challenges Routley correctly identifies: and while I doubt what I will have to say would have convinced Routley himself, I will try to show that the approach I prefer has several advantages over Routley's
The Boxdot Conjecture and the Generalized McKinsey Axiom
Get PDFThe Boxdot Conjecture is shown to hold for a novel class of modal systems. Each system in this class is K plus an instance of a natural generalization of the McKinsey axiom. [Note from the editors: This paper was accepted for publication in 2011. It should have been published in 2014. The lateness of the appearance of the article is due entirely to an editorial oversight.
"Colonisation ... in top gear": New Zealand Architecture in the 1870s
Get PDFThe decade opened with the departure of British imperial troops from our shores, in anticipation of the end of the New Zealand Wars. This coincided with Julius Vogel's bold plans for New Zealand public infrastructure supporting roads, railways and immigration, requiring overseas borrowing of £10 million. Part of Vogel's motivation included the idea that employment for Māori would create peace between Māori and Pākehā
Nuclear Weapons Before the International Court of Justice: A Critique of the Marshall Islands v United Kingdom Decision
Get PDFThe International Court of Justice recently gave judgment in Obligations Concerning Negotiations Relating to Cessation of the Nuclear Arms Race and to Nuclear Disarmament. The case concerned three parallel claims brought by the Marshall Islands against India, Pakistan and the United Kingdom for their alleged failure to fulfil obligations concerning negotiations relating to the cessation of the nuclear arms race and nuclear disarmament under art VI of the Non-Proliferation Treaty and customary international law. The Court in all three proceedings dismissed the claims at the preliminary objections phase on the sole ground that a legal dispute did not exist between the parties. In determining whether a legal dispute existed, the Court appears to have deviated from the objective determination taken in its previous jurisprudence by introducing, for the first time, a new requirement of "awareness". The Court also failed to address the other preliminary objections brought by the United Kingdom such as the Monetary Gold principle, which appears to have been a more credible avenue for the Court to dismiss the case. The case illustrates the failure by the Court to yet again confront the issue of nuclear weapons
Thinking outside the (Witness) Box: Integrating Experts into Juries to Minimise the Effect of Rape Myths in Sexual Violence Cases
Get PDFThe criminal justice system's response to sexual violence has been increasingly recognised as an area needing attention. In particular, rape myths have a significant impact on whether a victim is believed or not, and this extends to the jury. Due to the potential effect of misconceptions about sexual violence on the jury's decision-making process, alternatives and additional tools have been suggested to minimise this impact. This article looks at options for moving forward such as increasing education and guidance for the jury, as well as changing the fact-finder, but ultimately advocates a new approach of integrating experts with knowledge about sexual violence and its realities into the jury itself. This would allow for responses tailored to each case to create an educative mechanism while maintaining lay participation, and have decisions that are based on accurate understandings of sexual violence
TacklingPovertyNZ: the nature of poverty in NZ and how to address it
No full textPoverty in New Zealand is one of the foremost challenges we face as a country. Child poverty rates remain persistently above rates in many other developed countries and well above the rates prevalent in New Zealand during the 1980s. Poverty is of particular concern in a number of parts of provincial New Zealand, where it coincides with high rates of drug dependency, poor health outcomes – reaching Third World standards in some areas – high crime and victimisation levels and multi-generational cycles of disadvantage (Ministry of Social Development, 2010; New Zealand Treasury, 2017a)
A Partial History of Futures Thinking in New Zealand
Get PDFFutures Thinking offers ways of addressing, even helping to shape, the future; it is not about gazing into a crystal ball. It illuminates the ways that policy, strategies and actions can promote desirable futures and help prevent those we consider undesirable. It stimulates strategic dialogue, widens our understanding of the possible, strengthens leadership, and informs decision-making (OECD, 2017
Meeting the Challenge of a Low-Emissions Economy
Get PDFThe impacts of climate change threaten the productivity, incomes and well-being of all humanity. Climate change has been described as the ‘greatest market failure the world has ever seen’. In 2017 the government asked the Productivity Commission to ‘identify options for how New Zealand could reduce its domestic greenhouse gas emissions through a transition to a lower emissions future, while at the same time continuing to grow incomes and wellbeing’. New Zealand can achieve a successful low-emissions economy, but there will be challenges. The commission’s recently released draft report provides insights into how and where the country can best achieve emission reductions and the types of policies and institutional architecture required to drive the transition
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