Indonesian Journal of Medicine (IJM)
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Effectiveness of Mirror Therapy on Post Stroke Functional Ability: A Meta-Analysis
Get PDFBackground: Stroke is the third leading cause of death after heart disease and cancer. One of the impacts of stroke is it causes a decrease in the functional ability to carry out daily activities, therefore mirror therapy is carried out to restore the functional ability. The study aims to determine the effect of mirror therapy on the functional ability of post-stroke patients based on previous primary studies.Subjects and Method: It was a systematic review and meta-analysis study with PICO as follows: P= post-stroke patients, I= mirror therapy, C= conventional therapy, and O= functional ability. Data collection was conducted from databases, namely: Google Scholar and PubMed. The inclusion criteria used were full-text articles in English, with randomized control trial design, published in 2006-2021. The keywords used were "stroke" AND "mirror therapy" AND "functional independence measure" OR "FIM" AND "randomized control trial". The inclusion criteria of the study were articles using a randomized control trial study design, the effect size used was the Mean SD, the subjects of the study were patients with poststroke conditions, the intervention given was mirror therapy, the comparison was conventional therapy, with the outcome was increased functional ability. The articles were analyzed using Review Manager 5.3. application.Results: The meta-analysis was conducted on 9 primary studies from several countries such as Turkey, South Korea, India, and Italy. The results of the study showed that there was an effect of mirror therapy on the functional ability of post-stroke patients. Patients who obtained mirror therapy had a functional ability of 0.92 units higher than conventional therapy. The results were statistically significant (SMD= 0.92; 95% CI= 0.67 to 1.17; p<0.001).Conclusion: mirror therapy can improve the functional ability of post-stroke patients.Keywords: mirror therapy, functional ability, post-strokeCorrespondence: Galang Aji Samudera. Master’s Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6287836783209.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2023), 08(01): 1-11https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2023.08.01.01
Effect of Hypnobreastfeeding on Fatigue and Motivation to Breastfeed in Post Partum Mothers Starting on Day 3
Get PDFBackground: Fatigue is a condition in which individuals feel tired and reduce their physical and mental abilities and will not go away with rest. Mothers with postpartum fatigue have a higher risk of stopping breastfeeding. This study aimed to analyze the effect of hypno-breastfeeding on maternal fatigue and motivation for breastfeeding post-partum mothers starting on the 3rd day in the working area of the Arjasa Health Center.Subjects and Method: Research with a Pre-Experimental design was conducted at the Arjasa Health Center, Jember, East Java in January 2023. A total of 33 mothers were selected by cluster sampling. The dependent variable is the fatigue of the postpartum mother and the motivation for breastfeeding. The independent variable is the provision of hypno-breastfeeding. Data was collected using the PFS and BMIMS questionnaires. Data were analyzed using paired sample T-test.Results: Mother's fatigue before (Mean= 51.60; SD= 16.73) was higher than after (Mean= 36.06; SD= 7.45) given hypno-breastfeeding and was statistically significant (p<0.001). Mothers' motivation in breastfeeding after being given hypno-breastfeeding treatment (Mean= 85.96; SD= 4.64) was higher than before (Mean= 68.80; SD= 14.66), and statistically significant (p<0.001).Conclusion: Hypno-breastfeeding is effective in reducing fatigue and increasing motivation in breastfeeding post-partum mothers.Keywords: hypno-breastfeeding, postpartum mothers, fatigue, breastfeeding motivation.Correspondence: Ida Watna. Master's Program of Public Health, Strada Institute of Health Sciences, Indonesia. Jl. Manila No. 37, Tosaren, Kec. Islamic Boarding School, City of Kediri, East Java 64123. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +62 823-3423-6376.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2023), 08(02): 150-156https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2023.08.02.04
Re-Infection of COVID-19 at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta, from March 2020 to June 2021
Get PDFBackground: COVID-19 reinfection has been identified and is being studied. Several risk factors, including being a health worker and having A blood type, are linked to reinfection, and comorbidities such as hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and asthma influence the disease's severity. To identify mutational variations associated with viral virulence and spread, genetic studies are required. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection, as well as patient characteristics and risk factors related to SARS-CoV-2 reinfection.
Subjects and Method: This is a retrospective cohort study using data from the medical records of patients with COVID-19 reinfection treated at the Dr. Moewardi General Hospital (RSDM) Surakarta from March 2020 to June 2021. A sample was collected from 19 men and 20 women. The degree of COVID-19 infection is the dependent variable. Gender, occupation, comorbidities, and immunization history were the independent variables. The entire sampling method was employed in this investiga¬tion (consecutive sampling). Data is handled in Microsoft Excel 2010, and statistical analysis is performed in SPSS version 20.0.
Results: COVID-19 re-infection is equally likely in men and women. The average patient age was 42 years, with patients ranging in age from 25 to 73 years. Patients in the study were classified as either health workers or non-health workers, with 29 (76.3%) and 9 (23.7%) respectively. Due of restricted resources, the average period of COVID-19 re-infection is 197.6 +/- 97 days without genomic sequence investigation. Comorbidities were discovered in 11 of 38 COVID-19 reinfection patients (29%) Only 6 individuals (15.8%) with COVID-19 reinfection had a history of vaccination.
Conclusion: Using convalescent plasma to treat patients with COVID-19 is a rather safe practice. Our analysis demonstrated that the administration of convalescent plasma did not enhance survival or clinical outcomes for COVID-19 patients with moderate to severe disease.
Keywords: COVID-19, COVID-19 reinfection, health workers, comorbidity
Correspondence: Jatu Aphridasari. Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta – Indonesia. [email protected]. Mobile: +6281289991329
Women Empowerment in Health: Systematic Review
Get PDFBackground: Women's Empowerment is an integral part of human rights and development because the value system leads to the development of a good family, community, and country. Empowerment of women can have important implications for health in the form of education, access, and change in terms of services and family welfare. This systematic review aims to determine the influence and model of empowerment of women in the health sector.Subjects and Method: This systematic review begins with searching data using 5 databases with keywords women’s empowerment, women’s health, and empowerment model. Researchers used five databases, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Springer Link, and BMC with a range of 2017-2022. Articles were searched using keywords that had been determined by the researcher then the articles were extracted based on criteria inclusion and exclusion using the PRISMA protocol. Thus, 11 articles were found that matched the criteria of JBI's critical assessment tool for analysis.Results: A total of 11 studies were included in the analysis originating from several countries such as Iran, Australia, and the Netherlands. Empowerment of women is a multilevel construction that refers to individuals, organizations, and society. Women's empowerment needs to involve mutual respect, critical reflection, caring and group participation, where people gain greater access to and control over their resources.Conclusion: Factors that influence women's empowerment are age, education, occupation, religion, marital status, socio-economic, demographics, different behavior, special characteristics of society, household harmony, place of residence, mobility, decision-making, social life, media exposure, information technology, socio-culture and access to health services. The women's empowerment model that has been developed refers to 3 domains: micro, meso, and social capital levels; as well as macro level.Keywords: empowerment, women, model, healthCorrespondence: Rumpiati. Institute of Health Science STRADA Indonesia Jl. Sumberece 37 Tosaren Pesantren Kota Kediri. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +62812-3007-1403.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2023), 08(02): 194-203https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2023.08.02.09
Physiotherapy Rehabilitation for Accelerating the Recovery of Patient with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Total Reconstruction and Meniscal Repair: A Case Report
Get PDFBackground: The Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) is a ligament that functions to limit the movement of the tibia toward the anterior and excessive rotation, while the meniscus serves as shock absorption, load transmission, and the stabilizer of the knee joint. About 22% to 86% meniscal tear incidences occurring along with ACL injuries is. The study aims to determine the role of physiotherapists in the postoperative rehabilitation process of patients of ACL Reconstruction (ACLR) and meniscal repair in preventing postoperative complications and functional abilities of patients.
Case Report: The patient was a 35-year-old adult male who suffered a complete tear in the ACL and meniscus of the left knee. The patient underwent ACLR and meniscal repair with arthroscopic surgery 2 years after injury with Bone-Pattelar tendon-bone autograph. 2 weeks post-surgery the patient visited the physiotherapy polyclinic with medical conditions of difficulty in bending and straightening the knee, still feeling pain and thick in the knee area.
Results: The physiotherapist program was conducted three times and it was a home program-based exercise. The physiotherapist program and outcomes used in the first phase focused on exercises to improve ROM (Goniometer), oedema management (Medline), pain reduction (Numerical Rating Scale), activation exercises, and surrounding muscle strength (Sphygmomanometer), and improve functional ability (Tegner Lysholm Knee Scale) as well as the provision of home programs Performed by regular monitoring of exercise intensity using isometric, isotonic, and isokinetic exercises, which were given according to the concept of progressive loading.
Conclusion: This case study shows that surgery combined with a comprehensive physiotherapy program plan in ACLR and meniscal repair cases, as well as adding home-based exercise programs with intense monitoring, generate more effective results.
Keywords: physiotherapy rehabilitation, anterior cruciate ligament total, meniscal repair
Correspondence: Suryo Saputra Perdana. Physiotherapist Profession Education Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Sukoharjo, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281298563988
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Ruptured Concomitant Meniscus Discoid in Young Patient: A Rare Case Report
Get PDFBackground: Abnormalities of the human meniscus, including discoid meniscus, double-layered meniscus, and ring-shaped meniscus, have been reported. The prevalence of discoid meniscus is extremely rare, with an incidence of 0.9%－2.4% in the Asian population. Traditionally, discoid meniscus concomitant anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures are extremely rare cases. The aim of this study is to discuss a rare case to provide diagnosis and management properly by using arthroscopy.Case Presentation: A 21-year-old male Balinese, complained of pain in his right knee after fast walking for two months and an unstable knee in the past 1 year ago. On physical examination, the range of motion was limited due to the pain for flexion of more than 90°. Special tests such as Lachman test positive, and Anterior drawer test positive. The patient had medial joint line tenderness, and a McMurray test elicited pain on the medial joint line. Meanwhile, an MRI examination of the right knee showed a discoid medial meniscus with a horizontal cleavage tear and a discoid lateral meniscus with an incomplete tear. We performed a partial meniscectomy of the incomplete discoid medial meniscus and resection of the pathologic medial patellar plica. We performed surgical reconstruction of the ACL ruptured after the meniscus was repaired.Results: We presented a 21-year-old male with discoid meniscus concomitant ACL rupture to his right knee. After the patient was performed with partial meniscectomy of the incomplete discoid medial meniscus and resection of pathologic medial patellar plica following surgical reconstruction of the ACL ruptured. The patient had no limitation of motion or pain 1 year after the operation and he had no complaints and was satisfied with the result by radiograph.Conclusion: We concluded that This rare case of medial discoid meniscus concomitant with the ACL rupture must be reconstructed. The treatment of discoid meniscus should consider its tear pattern and whether it is symptomatic. With the development of arthroscopic techniques, the treatment of discoid meniscus has gradually changed from total meniscectomy or partial meniscectomy.Keywords: anterior cruciate ligament, meniscus, discoid, knee, arthroscopy.Correspondence: I Gusti Ngurah Wien Aryana. Department of Orthopaedic & Traumatology, General Central Hospital of I.G.N.G Ngoerah Central Hospital/ Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +62811-385-263.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2023), 08(03): 317-324https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2023.08.03.0
Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Moringa oleifera, Lam. Roots on Expression of Cyclin D1 in Testicular Tissue of Metabolic Syndrome Induced Wistar Rats
Get PDFBackground: Metabolic syndrome (MS) impacts on inhibition process of spermatogenesis by damaging various components of cell cycle proteins. Cyclin D1 protein which plays role in regulating the cell cycle of spermatogenic cells is depleted due to the metabolic syndrome. Variation results of M. oleifera studies on fertility are interesting for further research. This study aimed to determine the effect of ethanolic extract of M. oleifera roots towards expression of testicular cyclin D1 of metabolic syndrome induced Wistar rats.Subjects and Method: This study was an experimental laboratory. Thirty subjects of male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups consisted of 6 rats, control group (K1), MS group (K2), and treatment groups (K3, K4, and K5) which were given doses of 150, 250, and 350 mg/kgBW, respectively for 28 days. Induction of MS was achieved by high-fat diet for 28 days and injection of streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA) on day 25. Cyclin D1 data was calculated using Intensity Distribution Score (IDS) and analyzed using one-way ANOVA test followed by post hoc multiple comparisons with Tukey HSD. Simple liniar regression test conducted on cyclin D1 data of K2, K3, K4, and K5.Results: One-way ANOVA test showed that the administration of ethanolic extract M. oleifera Lam. roots with doses of 150, 250, and 350 mg/kgBW in 28 days increased cyclin D1 significantly (p= 0.000). There were significant differences between K1 and K2 (p= 0.000), K2 and K3 (p= 0.000), K2 and K4 (p= 0.000), K2 and K5 (P= 0.000). Liniar regression test showed significant (p= 0.000) and moderate effect (R2= 0.65) of doses of ethanolic extract of M. oleifera roots on the expression of cyclin D1.Conclusion: The administration of ethanolic extract Moringa oleifera Lam. roots with doses of 150, 250, and 350 mg/kgBW for 28 days increased cyclin D1 in testicular rats
Brixia Score as Predictor of D-Dimer Levels of COVID-19 Patients in Intensive Care Unit
Get PDFBackground: COVID-19 is caused by a novel virus that can cause lung abnormalities which can be measured with new chest x-ray scoring system named Brixia score. In COVID-19 patients, coagulation disorders are often found that can be seen through D-Dimer levels. This study aimed to prove the Brixia Score as a predictor of D-Dimer levels.Subjects and Method: This study was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach. The subjects were 94 COVID-19 patients which taken from ICU Melati 1 Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta from March 2021 to August 2021 who met the exclusion and inclusion criteria. The independent variable is the Brixia score performed by radiologists and the dependent variable is D-Dimer levels taken from laboratory results. Sampling was obtained by purposive sampling and the data were investigated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results: 94 samples were obtained for analysis. The average Brixia Score of patients with D-Dimer <2 µg/mL was Mean= 15.85; SD= 1.43 and D-Dimer ≥2 µg/mL was Mean= 17.29; SD= 0.96. There was a significant difference between the Brixia Score of patients with D-Dimer <2 µg/mL and D-Dimer ≥2 µg/mL (p<0.001). Analysis with the ROC curve shows an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.793. The optimal cutoff value of the Brixia Score for predicting D-Dimer levels was 16.5 (sensitivity 77.9%, specificity 73.1%).Conclusion: Brixia Score proved to be a predictor of D-Dimer levels of COVID-19 patients in ICU care.Keywords: COVID-19, ICU, brixia score, predictor, D-Dimer.Correspondence: Widiastuti Soewondo, Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret. JL. Ir. Soetami No. 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia. E-mail: [email protected]. Mobile: 082134368592Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2023), 08(01): 92-99https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2023.08.01.0
Effect of Bamboo Shoot (Gigantochloa Nigrociliata) Extract on Decreased Blood Pressure and Tnf-Α in Male Wistar Rats (Rattus Norvegicus)
Get PDFBackground: Hypertension is a non-communicable disease based on increased pathologies such as RAS, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Bamboo shoot extract contains BSP, phenol, and flavonoids that can reduce inflammatory status, oxidative stress, and ACE. The study aims to determine the effect of bamboo shoot extract on decreased blood pressure and TNF-α in male Wistar Rats made hypertensive.Subjects and Method: This study used a True Experimental Design with the Posttest Only Control Group Design. The study was located at the Integrated Biomedical Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang in April-July 2021. The study sample of 24 male Wistar Rats was randomly divided into 4 groups. The dependent variables of the study were Blood pressure and TNF-α. The independent variable was bamboo shoot extract. Blood pressure was measured by Pressure Recording Tail Cuff, and TNF-α was measured by using the ELISA method with CATALOG Number KET 9007-48 well. The data were analyzed by using the One Way Anova Test.Results: This study showed no significant difference from systolic or diastolic blood pressure results of male Wistar rats in the K1, K2, and K3 groups after the intervention. Meanwhile, the average levels of TNF-α decreased significantly in the K3 group (Mean= 1.99; SD= 1.13) compared with the control group K0 (Mean= 16.70; SD= 7.45) and it was statistically significant p<0.001.Conclusion: There is no significant effect on blood pressure in male Wistar rats that obtained bamboo shoot extract, but there is a significant effect on TNF-α levels in male wistar rats that obtained bamboo shoot extract.Keywords: bamboo shoots, hypertension, blood pressure, TNF-α, male wistar rat.Correspondence: Surati. Department of Cytohistotechnology, Study Program of Health Analyst, Health Polytechnic, Ministry of Health Semarang. Jl. Wolter Monginsidi No. 115, Pedurungan, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia, Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 085226825024.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2023), 08(01): 121-127https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2023.08.01.12
Effect of Social Cognitive Therapy on Mental Improvement in Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Meta-Analysis
Get PDFBackground: Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental disorder that develops after experiencing a very threatening or horrific event. Cognitive behavioral therapy or Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) is one of the most popular therapies. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on mental improvement in Post Traumatic Stress Disorder patients.
Subjects and Method: This study is a systematic review and Meta-analysis using PICO model. Population: Post Traumatic Stress Disorder patients. Intervention: cognitive behavioral therapy. Comparison: no cognitive behavioral therapy. Outcome: Mental Improvement. The online databases used are Google Scholar, PubMed, and Sience Direct with keywords (“Post Traumatic Stress Disorder” OR “PTSD”) AND (“Cognitive Behavioral Therapy” OR “Cognitive Behavioral Therapy” OR “CBT”) AND (“Randomized controlled trial” OR “RCT”). There were 9 randomized controlled trial studies published in 2005-2023 that met the inclusion criteria. Analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3.
Results: A Meta-analysis conducted using 9 RCTs from the United States, Australia, the Netherlands, Sweden, and Thailand. A total sample was 6,088 health workers. Cognitive behavioral therapy reduced PTSD (SMD= -6.32; p= 0.020). Forest plots showed high heterogeneity (I2=73%; p= 0.003), so analysis was conducted using the random effect model.
Conclusion: CBT reduces PTSD.
Keywords: cognitive behavior therapy, mental improvement, post-traumatic stress disorder, randomized controlled tria