Indonesian Journal of Medicine (IJM)
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Effect of Lawsonia inermis Linn. Ethanol Extract on the Superoxyde Dismutase Activity in Hyperglycemic Rattus norvegicus
Get PDFBackground: Alloxan causes experimental diabetic conditions (hyperglycemia) in experimental animals through oxidation and the formation of free radicals (oxidative stress) that damage pancreatic β cells. The ethanol extract of the henna leaves can decrease oxidative stress. The purpose of this study is to know the effect of ethanol extract of henna leaves to decrease blood sugar level and increase superoksida enzyme activity.Subjects and Methods: This study is an experimental study. The study design of posttest only control group design, using mice (Rattus norvegicus) strains of wistar, was randomized in five groups: negative control, positive control, group obtaining ethanol extract of henna leaves 200 mg/kg BW, 400 mg/kg BW and 600 mg/kg BW.Results: This study showed a significant reduction in blood glucose levels when compared to the control group. Superoxide dismutase enzyme activity increased but was not statistically significant.Conclusion: Ethanol extract of henna leaves 400 mg/kg BW significantly decreased mice blood glucose level, there was no significant difference in the increase of superoxide dismutase enzyme activity.Keywords: Alloxan, antioxidant, flavonoids, hyperglycemia, oxidative stress.Correspondence: Maya Anjelir Antika. Masters Program of Biomedic, Faculty of Medicine, University of North Sumatera.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2017), 2(2): 79-85https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2017.02.02.0
Difference in Anxiety between Left and Right Hemispheric Lesions of Ischemia among Patients with Stroke at Dr. Moewardi Hospital
Get PDFBackground: The difference of lesion location and anxiety usually manifests into different signs and symptomps based on the patient’s lesion location. This study aimed to determine the difference in anxiety between left and right hemispheric lesions of ischemia among patients with stroke.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with cross sectional design. A total sample of 30 patients with stroke consisting of 15 patients with left hemisphere lesion and 15 patients with right hemisphere lesion of ischemia was selected by random sampling. Anxiety was assessed using Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HRSA) questionnaire. The data were analyzed by multiple linear regression.Results: After controlling for family supports as confounding factor, this study showed significantly lower anxiety in patients with left hemispheric lesion ischemia than patients right hemispheric lesion (b= -2.77; p = 0.039). Family support lessened anxiety among patients with stroke (b=-5.21; p=0.003).Conclusion: Anxiety in stroke patients with left hemispheric lesion of ischemia is lower than stroke patients with right hemispheric lesion.Keywords: anxiety, ischemic stroke, left hemispheric lesion, right hemispheric lesionCorrespondence: M. Maulana Shofri. Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2016), 1(3): 146-151https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2016.01.03.0
Association Between Parental Education, Occupation, Income, Language Activity, and Language Proficiency in Children
Get PDFBackground: Language proficiency should be mastered by children before school admision. The process of language development was affected by cognitive and neurologic maturity. Language proficiency determine communication foundation, social and academic interaction. Children with retardation in language proficiency may encounter problem in the social and academic relationship. This study investigated the association between parental education, occupation, income, language activity, and language proficiency in children.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with cross sectional design. This study was conducted in Gondangrejo sub-district, Karanganyar, Central Java. A total sample of 102 children aged 4 to 5 years were selected for this study. The dependent variable was language proficiency. The independent variables were parental education, occupation, income, and language activity. The data were collected by a set of questionnaire and analyzed by multiple logistic regression.Results: Parental education ≥ senior high school (OR= 2.95; 95% CI= 1.03 to 8.39; p= 0.043), employed parents (OR= 3.45; 95% CI= 1.27 to 9.39; p= 0.015), family income ≥ regional minimum wage (OR= 6.35; 95% CI= 2.02 to 19.93; p= 0.002), and intense language activity (OR= 4.32; 95% CI= 1.61 to 11.51; p= 0.003) were associated with better language proficiency.Conclusion: Parental education ≥ senior high school, employed parents, family income ≥ regional minimum wage, and intense language activity are associated with better language proficiency.Keywords: parental education, occupation, language activity, language proficiency, childrenCorrespondence: Hafidz Triantoro Aji Pratomo. School of Health Polytechnics, Poltekkes Surakarta. Email: [email protected] Journal of Medicine (2016), 1(3): 152-159https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2016.01.03.0
Association Between Hormonal Contraception and Blood Glucose Level Among Women of Childbearing Age in Sangkrah Community Health Center, Surakarta
Get PDFBackground: Hormonal contraceptive contains estrogen and progesterone hormones. These hormones are hypothesized to affect blood glucose level. This study aimed to determine the association between hormonal contraception and blood glucose level among childbearing aged women.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with cross-sectional design. The study subjects were childbearing aged women who used and did not use hormonal contraceptive in Sangkrah community health center, Surakarta. A total sample of 47 people consisting of 32 hormonal contraceptive users and 15 non users were selected for study by fixed exposure sampling. The data were collected by questionnaire, interview, anthropometric measurement, and direct measurement of blood glucose level. The data were analyzed using a multiple linear regression with SPSS for Windows.Results: Women of childbearing age who used hormonal contraceptive had an average blood glucose 26 mg / dL higher than the non-users of hormonal contraceptive (b = 26.18; 95% CI 15.03 to 37.33; p <0.001). These estimates had controlled for the effect of confounding variables (i.e. Body Mass Index and diabetes mellitus risk factors).Conclusion
The Diffrentiation of the Angles of Eustachian Tubes In the Patient Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media With and without Cholesteatoma
Get PDFBackground: Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is one of the major health problems found in many populations in the world and a cause of high morbidity and high mortality. However, there is no single theory that explains how and why chronic otitis media occurs. There are many studies on the function of Eustachian tube. However, the role of the Eustachian tube angle and the relationship with the occurrence of CSOM has not been widely studied. This study aimed to evaluate the mean of Eustachian tube angle and to examine the diffrentiation between angle of Eustachian tube in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) patient with and without cholesteatoma. Subjects and Methods: This research is a case-control study. Study group consist of 27 patients of CSOM with cholesteatoma and 27 patients of CSOM without cholesteatoma included as controlling. All patients are examined by using CT temporal and measured the angle of Eustachian tube using Multiplanar Reconstruction (MPR) technique on osirix program. The data was analyzed using independent T testResults: The mean of the Eustachian tube angle in CSOM with cholesteatoma in female patients was 28.690 and male 27.780 whereas in the CSOM group without cholesteatoma in female patients was 33.810 and men 31.870. The mean of Eustachian tube angle in CSOM patients with cholesteatoma is 28.220 and CSOM without cholesteatoma is 33.000. In independent T test, the result showed significant differentiation (p= 0.001) between the angle of Eustachian tube in patients CSOM with and without cholesteatoma.Conclusion: The advance of technology makes easier to measure of Eustachian tube angle. In men found that the Eustachian tube angle is more horizontal than women. There is diffrence between the angle of the Eustachian tube with the occurrence of cholesteatoma in CSOM.Keywords: angle of Eustachian tube, CSOM Correspondence: Rissa Ardika Nasution. RSUP H. Adam Malik, Medan. FK USU, Jln. Sembada Pasar V no. 27 P. Bulan Medan. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 082277767660.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2017), 2(1): 73-78https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2017.02.01.0
The Relationship Between Parenting Style, Development Stimulation, and Gross Motoric and Language Ability in Children Under Five
Get PDFBackground: Children progress through growth and development process according to age. Child growth and development are influenced by genetic and environmental factors during antenatal, intranatal, and postnatal periods. Child development is optimalized if there is social interaction that fulfill the need of the child at different stages of development. This study investigated the relationship between parenting style, development stimulation, and gross motoric and language ability in children under five in Grobogan, Central Java.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with cross sectional design. This study was conducted in Toroh I Health Center, Grobogan sub-district, Central Java, from September, 17 to October, 17 2016. A total sample of 100 mothers and their children aged 1-5 years were selected for this study by cluster sampling. The dependent variable was gross motoric and language ability. The independent variables were parenting style and development stimulation. Gross motoric and language ability was measured by Denver II. Parenting style and development stimulation were collected by a set of questionnaire. The data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression.Results: There were positive and statistically significant relationships between democratic parenting style (OR= 3.73; 95% CI=1.16 to 12.00; p=0.027), development stimulation (OR= 5.37; 95% CI=1.75 to 16.47; p= 0.003), and better gross motoric ability. There were positive and statistically significant relationships between democratic parenting style (OR= 3.50; 95% CI=1.18 to 10.35; p=0.023), development stimulation (OR= 3.49; 95% CI=1.24 to 9.84; p= 0.018), and better language ability.Conclusion: Democratic parenting style and development stimulation are associated with both better gross motoric ability and better language ability.Keywords: parenting style, development stimulation, gross motoric ability, language abilityCorrespondence: Dhiyan Nany Wigati. An-Nur Midwifery Academy, Purwodadi, Central Java. Email: [email protected] Journal of Medicine (2016), 1(3): 169-174https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2016.01.03.0
Differences in Influence between Intravenous Methylprednisolone and Intramuscular Progesterone toward Erectile Function After Operation Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TUR-P) in Patients Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH)
Get PDFBackground: Erectile function is an important factor for all men in an active sexual condition, as well as to assess the quality of sex life with their partners. Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) is a gold standard action for Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH). The researcher tried to study to investigate the effect of corticosteroid and progesterone on erectile function in BPH patients who have done TURP surgery by using Erection Hardness Score (EHS). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of intra venous methylprednisolone on post-operative erection function of TURP in BPH patients. To investigate the effect of intra-muscular progesterone on postoperative erectile function of TURP in BPH patients. To investigate the different effect between methylprednisolone and progesterone on post-operative erection function of TURP in BPH patients.Subjects and Method: Subjects of all BPH patients who performed TUR-P surgery in the urology sub-section of Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta. The sampling technique in this study was incidental sampling. This study was a clinical experimental study using Pre and Post-test design-Only Control Design. 3 groups were divided to get different treatment, the first group was given methylprednisolone, the second group was given progesterone and the third group was given TURP therapy protocol only.Results: After 1 month of TURP treatment in BPH patients, the result obtained for the EHS which on a scale of 2 and 3. EHS on scale 2 for the methylprednisolone group was 9 patients (69.2%), the progesterone group had 6 patients (46.2%), and the control group had 8 of patients (66.7%). Meanwhile, EHS on scale 3 for the methylprednisolone group was 4 patients (30.8%), there were 7 patients (53.8%) of the progesterone group, and the control group had 4 patients (33.3%). After 3 months of TURP treatment in BPH patients, EHS on scale 2 in the methylprednisolone group there were 2 patients (15.4%), the progesterone group there were 0 patients (0.0%), and the control group there were 6 patients (50.0%). The methylprednisolone group had 9 patients (69.2%) on EHS 3 scale, the progesterone group had 4 patients (30.8%), and there were 6 patients (50.0%) in the control group. While, EHS scale of 4 the total of the patients in the methylprednisolone group was 2 patients (15.4%), the progesterone group had 9 patients (69.2%), and the control group had 0 patients (0.0%).Conclusion: the methylprednisolone improved the erectile function in post-operative TURP patients. Progesterone improved erectile function in post-operative TURP patients. Therefore, it can be concluded that progesterone was better than methylprednisolone. Keywords: Erectile dysfunction, Methylprednisolone, ProgesteroneCorrespondence: Monica Yolanda. Masters Program in Family Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected] Journal of Medicine (2017), 2(2): 116-124https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2017.02.02.06
Implementation Analysis of Early Detection and Intervention Program for Growth and Development of Children Under Five at Tegal Health Centers
Get PDFBackground: The first five years of life is often considered as golden period, critical period, or window opportunity. During this period there is maximal growth and development. Early Detection and Intervention Program for Growth and Development of Children Under Five (SDIDTK) is a program that aims to do early detection and intervention when there is an impairment in growth and development in children under five or pre-school children. Early detection allows early intervention. This study aimed to analyze the implementation of early detection and intervention program for growth and development of children under five.Subjects and Method: This was a qualitative study with case study approach, conducted in Tegal Health Centers, Tegal, Central Java. Nineteen key informants were selected purposely for this study, including health center midwife, midwife who were in charge of coordinating child and adolescents affair, head of the health center, head of Children and Adolescents Division at District Health Office Tegal, and mothers who had children with growth disorder.Results: SDIDTK has been implemented since 2010. The communication aspect has not been implemented consistently. There was a lack in resources, including personnel, equipment, and infrastructure. The attitude of the program implementer was not positive, because they considered that program was not effective. Guideline book and Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) were available. Growth examination activities were sufficient, but development examination activities were lacking. The reporting system was not sufficiently implemented.Conclusion: SDIDTK program was not been implemented optimally in Tegal. It is sugested to enhance the motivation of the program implementer and improve the equipment and they infrustructure for SDIDTK implementation.Keywords: implementation, SDIDTK program, growth, development, children under fiveCorrespondence: Adrestia Rifki Naharani. Masters Program in Public Health Sebelas Maret University, SurakartaIndonesian Journal of Medicine (2016), 1(3): 175-182https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2016.01.03.0
Factors Causing Acinetobacter Baumannii Resistance to Carbapenem Antibiotics in Patients with Healthcare Associated Infection (HCAI) at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta
Get PDFBackground: Acinetobacterbaumannii is a negative gram opportunistic bacteriumhaving high survival ability in the environment. Carbapenem is a drug of choice for infections caused by Acinetobacterbaumannii, which in the last decade prevalence of Carbapenem Resistant Acinetobacterbaumannii (CRAB) has increased. CRAB is commonly found in a nosocomial infection case and even into disease outbreak and epidemics in various hospitals. However, CRAB in community-associated infection data is still limited primarily in Indonesia. Therefore the researchers intend to do study factors causing CRAB in hospital and community setting in patients with Healthcare Associated Infection (HCAI).Subjects and Method: This study was an observational analytic study, with case control design. The study was conducted in RS Dr. Moewardi Surakarta in March-August 2017. Taking subject used fixed disease sampling method with the number of samples were 104 subjects. The dependent variable was the incidence of Acinetobacterbaumannii resistance to carbapenem antibiotics in HCAI patients. Independent variables were history of antibiotic use, patient functional status, intensive unit maintenance and comorbid conditions. Dependent and independent variables were measured by using a questionnairechecklist and then analyzed by using multiple logistic regression analysis.Results: Previous antibiotic conformity history (OR = 0.12; 95% CI = 0.03 to 0.45; p = 0.002) and the patient functional status (OR = 6.72; 95% CI = 2.08 to 21.68; p = 0.001) increased risk of resistance of Acinetobacterbaumannii to carbapenem (CRAB) in Healthcare-Associated Infections (HCAI) patients and was statistically significant. Treatment at intensive unit (OR = 0.76; 95% CI = 0.26 to 2.23; p = 0.613) and comorbid conditions (OR = 0.38; 95% CI = 0.12 to 1.23; p = 0.106) increased risk of Acinetobacterbaumannii resistance to carbapenem (CRAB) in Healthcare Associated Infections (HCAI) patients although it was statistically insignificant.Conclusion:Previous antibiotic conformity history and functional status of patients are a factor affecting Acinetobacterbaumannii resistance to carbapenem (CRAB) in Healthcare-Associated Infections (HCAI) patients.Keyword: Acinetobacterbaumannii, carbapenem, healthcare associated infection.Correspondence: Widana Primaningtyas. Master Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected] Mobile: +6285229035800.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2017), 2(2): 125-138https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2017.02.02.0
Relationship between Knowledge and Family Support regarding Hypertension with Blood Pressure Control in Elderly
Get PDFBackground: Hypertension is one of the degenerative diseases that have frequently been found among the group of elderly. If hypertension goes uncontrolled, then it might escalate and cause complication. The level of knowledge for both of patients and their families in terms of preventive actions toward hypertension complication is expected to be able to control blood pressure. Among the hypertension patients, the role of family support is very important in order to maintain and to control that the blood pressure will not increase and to return it to the normal state. In relation to this background, the objective in conducting this study was to analyze the relationship between knowledge and family support regarding hypertension with blood pressure control among the elderly with hypertension in the Sangkrah Center of Public Health, City of Surakarta.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with cross sectional design. This study was conducted in Sangkrah Community Health Center in the City of Surakarta on November 2016. A total sample of 147 elderly were selected for this study by purposive sampling. The dependent variables in this study was blood pressure and was measured by sphygnomanometer. The independent variables were knowledge and family support and were collected by a set of questionnaire. The data analyzed by logistic regression.Results: Family knowledge (OR= 0.38; 95% CI= 0.13 to 1.08; p= 0.070) increased the likelihood of blood pressure control. Elderly who came from family with good knowledge regarding hypertension had 0.4 times better blood pressure control in comparison to those who came from family with poor knowledge regarding hypertension. Family support (OR= 0.43; 95% CI= 0.18 to 1.02; p= 0.046) increased the likelihood of blood pressure control. Elderly with good family support had 0.4 times better blood pressure than those who had poor family support.Conclusion: Family knowledge and family support increase the probability of blood pressure control among elderly with hypertension.Keywords: knowledge, family support, blood pressure control, elderlyCorrespondence: Iin Kusumawardana. Masters Program in Family Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected] Journal of Medicine (2017), 2(1): 1-9https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2017.02.01.0