Indonesian Journal of Medicine (IJM)
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Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Cognitive Activity Exercise on Independence Ability in Post-Stroke Patients
Get PDFBackground: A stroke is an attack on the brain that occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is blocked so that part of the brain becomes damaged and dies because it does not get nutritional intake. Cognitive exercise activities can maintain optimal blood flow and improve the delivery of nutrients to the brain. The study aims to analyze the effect of cognitive exercise activity on the independence ability in post-stroke patients.Subject and Method: The study was a meta-analysis with PICO as the following: Population: post-stroke patients. Intervention: cognitive exercise activity. Comparison: no cognitive exercise activity. Result: independence ability. The articles used in this study were obtained from three databases, namely Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. The keywords for searching for the articles were "cognitive exercise activity" AND "cognitive ability" AND "post-stroke". The included articles were full-text English versions with a randomized control trial study design from 2012 to 2022. The article selection was conducted using the PRISMA flow diagram. The articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: A total of 9 case studies from Europe (Oxford, Sweden, United Kingdom), South America (Brazil), North America (Texas, Jamaica), Asia (Korea), and Africa (Egypt) were selected for systematic review and meta-analysis. It was discovered that cognitive exercise activity of 0.36 units increased independence ability in post-stroke patients compared to not obtaining cognitive exercise activities. Result statistically (SMD = 0.36; 95% CI = 0.19 to 0.54; p<0.001).Conclusion: Cognitive exercise activity increased independence ability in post-stroke patientsKeywords: cognitive exercise activity, cognitive ability, post-stroke.Correspondence: Lukman Aktovianta. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6285641434548.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(03): 350-359https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.03.1
Meta-Analysis the Effectiveness of Ivermectin Use on the Length of Stay in Inpatients of COVID-19
Get PDFBackground: COVID-19 is a common problem in global health. COVID-19 is a disease that infects the respiratory tract caused by the Coronavirus virus. Symptoms range from mild to severe and life-threatening pneumonia can occur. At the beginning of the PSBB, information circulated that Ivemectin could treat COVID-19 infections. Ivermectin is an antiparasitic drug that can be used as prophylaxis and therapy for coronavirus disease 2019. Ivermectin is an alternative therapy for COVID-19 because there is a previous drug, chloroquine, which can be used to treat COVID-19. This study aims to estimate the effectiveness of Ivermectin on the duration of hospitalization of patients with COVID-19 based on the results of previous similar studies.Subjects and Method: This study is a meta-analysis with the following PICO, population: COVID-19 patients. Intervention: ivermectin. Comparison: standard therapy. Outcome: shorter duration of hospital stay. Meta-analyses and systematic studies using the PubMed, Scopus, Scholar, Springlink, Cochrane, Clinical Key, and Science Direct databases. Keywords using Ivermectin AND RCT AND COVID-19 AND “Coronavirus Disease” AND “NCOV disease” AND “COVID-19 treatment”. The article under study is a full-text article with a randomized controlled clinical trial (RCT) study design. Articles were collected using PRISMA diagrams and analyzed using Review Manager 5.3.Results A total of 9 Randomized Control Trial (RCT) studies from Europe, America, Asia and Africa were selected for systematic review and meta-analysis. COVID-19 patients receiving Ivermectin therapy decreased the duration of hospital stay by 1.52 units compared to standard therapy and this result was statistically significant (SMD= -1.52; 95% CI= -2.34 to -0.70; p= 0.003).Conclusion: Ivermectin can reduce the duration of hospital stay for COVID-19 patients.Keywords: COVID-19, ivermectin, duration hospital stayCorrespondence: Masromi Hendria Wijayanto. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Jawa Tengah. Email: masromi[email protected]. Mobile: 0895402471549.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(02): 200-208https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.02.0
The Correlation between Allergic Diseases and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Get PDFBackground: The prevalence of autoimmune diseases and major chronic allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis are increasing in line with the occurrence of climate change. Allergy and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are sometimes being linked since both are immune diseases involving gene-environment interactions. The purpose of this research is to investigate the correlation between allergic diseases and SLE.Method: This case-control study was performed on 39 SLE subjects from the Tittari Community and 39 non-SLE subjects aged 15-49 years old, from September until October 2021. All of them were females. The independent variable was allergic disease and the dependent variable was SLE. Participants' characteristics and allergy data were collected through answering the online Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) questionnaire, then the results were processed with bivariate and multivariate analyses.Results: The correlation between allergic diseases and SLE was significant for atopic dermatitis but not for allergic rhinitis and asthma (p=0.018; p=0.352; p=0.151 respectively). The bivariate analysis revealed that the risk of SLE was 3.17 times higher in atopic dermatitis patients (OR=3.17; 95% CI=1.20-8.39; p=0.018). Furthermore, the multivariate analysis found that subjects with atopic dermatitis had the highest risk of SLE (OR= 3.18; 95% CI= 1.07-9.51; p=0.031).Conclusion: Among allergic diseases, atopic dermatitis was found to be significantly correlated with SLE, where the risk of SLE was raised as the number of atopic dermatitis increased.Keywords: systemic lupus erythematosus, allergic diseases, allergic rhinitis, asthma, atopic dermatitisCorrespondence: Dewi Pratiwi. Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret – Moewardi Hospital, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Phone: (0271) 664569.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(01): 19-27https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.01.0
Meta-Analysis the Effect of Aquatic Therapy on Functional Ability in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis
Get PDFBackground: Knee OA can affect mobility in the elderly causing pain and impaired functional ability. This study aims to analyze the effect of aquatic therapy on functional ability in knee osteoarthritis patients based on the results of a number of previous primary studies..Subject and Method: This study was conducted using a meta-analysis method with articles searched using the search keywords "knee osteoarthritis" OR "osteoarthritis genu" AND "aquatic therapy" OR "hydrotherapy" OR "water exercise" AND "functional ability" OR "WOMAC" AND "Randomized Controlled Trial” OR “RCT” from PubMed, google scholar and science direct and processed using RevMan 5.3.Results: 9 RCT articles that fit into the inclusion criteria, with a total of 573 samples. Knee OA patients receiving aquatic therapy had a mean WOMAC score of 1.22 units lower than those without aquatic therapy, and the effect was statistically significant (SMD = -1.22; 95% CI -2.03 to -0.41; p = 0.003). In other words, aquatic therapy is effective in improving functional ability in knee OA patients.Conclusion: Aquatic therapy has an effect on increasing functional ability in knee osteoarthritis patients.Keywords: Osteoarthritis, aquatic therapy, WOMAC indexCorrespondence: Wita Hana Puspita. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +628164837959.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(02): 138-149https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.02.0
Osteochondroma of the Distal Femur in Young Patient: An Oncology Case Report
Get PDFBackground: Osteochondroma is the most common primary bone tumor manifested as a painless, slow-growing mass. Apart from its asymptomatic manifestations, the tumor is malignant potential so appropriate management needs to be acknowledged. The aim of this study is to discuss the possible clinical findings for diagnosing with managing this rare case properly, which may provide a good outcome for this patient.Case Presentation: A 17-year-old male presented with a chief complaint of a slow-growing lump on the back of his right thigh. On physical examination, a 7 cm x 6 cm mass with mild tenderness was found during palpation. Based on these clinical and imaging findings, we informed and gained consent from the patient for surgery followed by a histopathology examination. The histopathology examination confirmed osteochondroma in the right distal femur.Results: Surgery was performed to curatively remove the tumor, followed by a histopathological examination which confirmed the diagnosis of osteochondroma. One week after the surgery, the post-surgical wound care was performed showing an excellent result, without any signs of infection or complications.Conclusion: Typical manifestation of painful osteochondromas may be associated with mechanical compression to the surrounding nerve and vascular structures. Surgical excision is an appropriate management approach to provide consistent relief of pain and deformity in osteochondroma case.Keywords: arteriovenous malformations, CT scan, rare case, embolizationCorrespondence: Komang Septian Sandiwidayat. Oncology Division, Department of Orthopaedic & Traumatology, Sanglah General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. +62-821-4725-2042.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(01): 82-88https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.01.0
The Effects of Diabetes Mellitus Comorbidities on the Risk of Treatment Failure in Tuberculosis Patients: A Meta-Analysis
Get PDFBackground: Tuberculosis or TB is a disease caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. There are several comorbidities that experience severity and death when infected with tuberculosis or TB, namely hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, cerebrovascular disease, and other diseases. This study aims to estimate the magnitude of the risk of treatment failure in Tuberculosis patients with Diabetes Mellitus comorbidity, with a meta-analysis of primary studies conducted by previous authors.Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis with the following PICO, population: tuberculosis patients. Intervention: chronic comorbid diabetes mellitus. Comparison: without comorbid diabetes mellitus. Outcome: treatment failure. The articles used in this study were obtained from three databases, namely Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct. Keywords to search for articles “Tuberculosis” OR “TBC” AND “Diabetes Mellitus” OR “DM” AND “Treatment failure”. The included article is a full-text English cohort study design from 2007 to 2021 and reports the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) in multivariate analysis. The selection of articles is done using PRISMA flow diagrams. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: A total of 7 cohort studies involving TB patients undergoing treatment from America, Europe, Africa and Asia were selected for systematic review and meta-analysis. The data collected showed that tuberculosis patients undergoing treatment with comorbid diabetes mellitus had a 1.57 time the risk of treatment failure compared to patients without comorbid diabetes mellitus (aOR= 1.57; 95% CI= 1.08 to 2.30; p= 0.002).Conclusion: Comorbidity Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of experiencing treatment failure in tuberculosis patients.Keywords: diabetes mellitus, tuberculosis, mortality.Correspondence: Sri Iswahyuni. School of Health Sciences Mamba’ul Ulum Surakarta. Jl. Ringroad Utara, Mojosongo, Jebres, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +62 815-6720-715.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(04): 417-427https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.04.07
Meta-Analysis Correlation between Dementia and the Risk of Mortality in COVID-19 Patients
Get PDFBackground: Dementia is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly population. The elderly have a higher risk when exposed to COVID-19, especially if they have serious medical conditions such as dementia (senility). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of dementia on the risk of mortality in COVID-19 patients based on previous primary studies.Subject and Method: This research is a systematic review and meta-analysis study using PRISMA diagrams. The article search was conducted based on the eligibility criteria using the PICO Model. P: COVID-19 patients, I: dementia, C: no dementia, O: mortality. The articles used were from 3 databases, namely Pubmed, Google Scholar and Science Direct. The search keywords for articles were as follows: dementia AND (death OR Mortality) AND COVID-19 OR Sars-Cov-2. The inclusion criteria in this study include full text articles with cohort study designs, full text available articles, the size of the relationship used is the adjusted Odds Ratio or Risk Ratio, the year the article used is in the 2019-2022 range and the research outcome is mortality. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: There are 9 articles in this study from New York, United States, Spain, Korea with 2 articles, and England with 4 articles. The article was analyzed using the PRISMA flow diagram. The results of the study show that COVID-19 patients with dementia have a mortality risk of 2.02 times greater than COVID-19 patients without dementia. These results were statistically significant (aOR= 2.19; 95% CI = 1.48 to 2.75; p<0.001).Conclusion: Dementia increases the risk of mortality from COVID-19Keywords: Dementia, mortality, COVID-19, SARS-COV-2Correspondence: Ulya Khoirunnisa’ Atin. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +62823259186864.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(03): 251-261https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.03.01
Relationship between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Quality of Life in the Elderly
Get PDFBackground: The aging process occurs so fast, therefore the quality of life of the elderly needs to be very concerned. Cardiorespiratory fitness is one of the predictor factors to improve the quality of life in the elderly. The study aims to find out whether there is a relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and the quality of life of the elderly.Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Dukuh Pepe, Kwarasan, Juwiring, Klaten, Central Java. A sample of 31 elderly (aged 50-70 years) was selected using the purposive sampling method. The dependent variable was quality of life. The independent variable was cardiorespiratory fitness. Quality of life was measured by Ina's whoqol-breff questionnaire. Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured by a six-minute walking test. The data were analyzed with the spearman correlation test and the simple linear regression test.Results: Cardiorespiratory fitness improved the quality of life in the elderly in the physical health domain (OR= 44.55; 95% CI= 20.49 to 68.62), psychological domain (OR= 51. 14; 95% CI= 26.10 to 76.19), personal relationship domain, (OR= 76.94; 95% CI= 52.57 to 101.30), environmental domain (OR= 78.92; 95% CI= 49.51 to 108.33) although it was statistically insignificant.Conclusion: There was no relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and the quality of life of the elderly in rural areas in the aspects of the physical health domain, the psychological domain, the personal relationship domain, and the environmental domain.Keywords: cardiorespiratory fitness, quality of life, elderly, six-minute walking test, whoqol-breff.Correspondence: Farid Rahman. Physiotherapy Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Jl. Ahmad Yani, Pabelan, Kartasura, Surakarta, Central Java 57162, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 085223333141.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(04): 371-378https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.04.02
Secondary Knee Osteoarthritis with Medial Instability and Tibial Defect due to Chronic Abscess Treated by Total Knee Arthroplasty with Metal Augmentation - Case Report
Get PDFBackground:Knee osteoarthritis (OA), known as degenerative joint disease, is typically the result of wear and tear and progressive loss of articular cartilage, most common in elderly women and men. Knee OA is a leading cause of disability and increase with an aging and overweight population. Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is a common surgical treatment of OA knee that highly cost-effective procedure. Stable placement of components is difficult and thus it presents technical challenges for the surgeon but various options are available for managing these defects.Case Report: A 58 years-old housewife came to our clinic due to chronic left knee pain with associated instability since two years ago and getting worse in last three months. She already had knee joint supplementation injections and physical therapy but no improvements. Based on our clinical and radiological findings, our assessment was secondary left knee osteo-arthritis with medial instability and tibial defect due to chronic abscess. Patient underwent TKA to correct this condition. A revised implant was used to close the defect in the medial part of the tibia and soft tissue reconstruction procedure was used to correct the instability.Result: On the first postoperative month, the patient underwent rehabilitation and physical therapy to strengthen her lower limb muscles. On the second month, she started to walk using walking assisted device. On the ninth months follow-up, the patient was able to walk normally without assisted device, the pain disappeared and the symptoms of knee instability were reduced.Conclusion:Bone defects are commonly encountered during TKA, which still has no standard treatment to cure. In this case, the use of metal augmentation with revision implant give satisfactory results with good clinical outcome.Keywords: Osteoarthritis, Total Knee Arthro¬plasty, knee instability, tibial defect, metal augmentationCorrespondence:Bintang Soetjahjo. Dr. Moewardi Hospital. Jl. Kolonel Sutarto 132, Jebres, Surakarta, Central Java 57126, Indonesia. Mobile: +628122987359. Email: [email protected] Journal of Medicine (2021), 06(02): 168-176https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2021.06.02.0
The Effects of Ethanol Extract, Chayote (Sechium Edule (Jacq.) Swartz) Fraction and Juice on the High-density Lipoprotein Level in Male White Mice
Get PDFBackground: Cholesterol imbalance occurs in Diabetes Mellitus, where high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels are low and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) increases, where this imbalance results in the appearance of atherosclerosis. HDL has antiarterosclerotic potential so it needs to be targeted for therapy. One of the bioactive compounds that have this effect is found in chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz). This study aimed to examine the effects of ethanol extract, Chayote (Sechium Edule (Jacq.) Swartz) fraction and juice on the hdl level in male white miceSubjects and Method: A randomized controlled trial study was conducted to test HDL level in 54 male white rats of the Wistar strain (Rattus novergius sp.) after received ethanol extract, Chayote (Sechium Edule (Jacq.) Swartz) fraction and juice. The dependent variable was the HDL level. The independent variable was the variation in the dose of ethanol extract, fraction and Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz Juice. The data were analyzed using Anova test.Results: The treatment group induced by Streptozotocin 50 mg / kgBW + nicotinamide (120 mg/kgBW) + HFD and obtained ethanol extract of chayote fruit 150 mg / kgBW, orally had the highest average HDL levels compared to other groups (Mean = 17.31; SD = 3.14).Conclusion: The ethanol solvent found in the ethanol extract is better because it attracts biaoctive compounds so that it has a better effect than the ethyl acetate fraction and the n-hexane fraction.Conclusion: The ethanol solvent found in the ethanol extract is better because it attracts biaoctive compounds so that it has a better effect than the ethyl acetate fraction and the n-hexane fraction.Keywords: HDL, Flavonoid, Sechium edule (Jacq.) SwartzCorrespondence: Jekson Martiar Siahaan. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Methodist Indonesia. Jl. Setia Budi Pasar II Tj. Sari, Medan 20132, North Sumatera. Email: [email protected] Journal of Medicine (2021), 06(02): 145-151https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2021.06.02.0