Indonesian Journal of Medicine (IJM)
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Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Diet and Physical Activity on HbA1c in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Get PDFBackground: Type II Diabetes Mellitus is still a global health problem. The prevalence of diabetes has increased over the decades due to the increased incidence of Type II DM. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of diet therapy and physical activity on HbA1c levels in type II DM patients.Subject and Method: This study is a systematic and meta-analysis study, with the following PICO Population = Patients diagnosed with type II DM. Intervention= High physical activity and diet therapy. Comparison = Low physical activity and no diet. Outcome= HbA1c level. The articles used in this study were obtained from several databases, including PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Clinical Key, and Google Scholar. The keywords used were: “tertiary prevention and DM”, “diet”, “physical activity”, “diet and DM” “physical activity and DM”, “diet and tertiary prevention and DM”. The inclusion criteria were full-text articles, experimental study design using randomized controlled trial (RCT). Articles were collected using PRISMA flow diagram. Articles were analyzed using Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: A meta-analysis of 9 articles on the effectiveness of diet therapy on HbA1c levels from Spain, the United States, Japan, the United Kingdom, and Israel concluded that Type II DM patients on diet therapy had an HbA1c level of 0.49 units compared to Type II DM patients without treatment, and the results were statistically significant (SMD= -0.49; 95% CI= -0.56 to -0.42; p < 0.001). A meta-analysis of 9 articles on the effectiveness of physical activity on HbA1c levels from the United States, Australia, Italy, and India concluded that Type II DM patients with high physical activity had HbA1c levels by 0.81 units lower than Type II DM patients with low physical activity, and the results were statistically significant (SMD= -0.81; 95% CI= -1.20 to -0.43; p < 0.001).Conclusion: Diet therapy and high physical activity reduce HbA1c levels in type II DM patients.Keywords: Physical activity, diet, HbA1c, type II DMCorrespondence: Utari Kusumaningrum. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6289636061501.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(02): 172-187https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.02.0
Effect of Administration of Phaleria Macrocarpa on Liver Function of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients who Receive Cisplatin Chemotherapy
Get PDFBackground: Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is a malignant tumor located in the nasopharynx, which can be treated by Cisplatin, a chemotherapy that has a side effect of increasing the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) that can damage the liver. We aim to determine the effect of giving Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) as an antioxidant on liver function of NPC patients receiving Cisplatin chemotherapy. Subjects and Method: Forty subjects of stage III and IV Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma patients were divided into treatment and control groups. Subjects will be tested for SGOT SGPT before cisplatin chemotherapy. The treatment group was given Phaleria macrocarpa capsules 300 mg/24 hours for 5 weeks since a week before chemotherapy. The control group was given placebo capsules/24 hours for 5 weeks since a week before chemotherapy. The patients received two series of cisplatin chemotherapy with an interval of 3 weeks, then a second blood sample was taken 1 week after the second series of cisplatin chemotherapy.Results: There was a significant difference in SGOT levels in the post-treatment group of Phaleria macrocarpa and control, as well as the difference in the pre- and post- treatment group between the Phaleria macrocarpa and control groups. Also, there was a significant difference in SGPT levels in the pre- and post- treatment in the Phaleria macrocarpa and control groups.Conclusion: The administration of Phaleria macrocarpa has an effect on decreasing the levels of SGOT and SGPT in NPC patients receiving Cisplatin chemotherapy therapyKeywords: Phaleria macrocarpa, SGOT, SGPT, Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, CisplatinCorrespondence: Adi Januar Akbar. ENT Department of Diponegoro University. Prof. Sudarto Street No. 13, Tembalang, Tembalang Sub-district, Semarang City, Central Java, 50275. Email: diaz17akbarsaleh@gmail.com. +628161455179.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(01): 1-8https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.01.0
Correlation between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Blood Pressure in Elderly
Get PDFBackground: Due to its strong association with major morbidity and mortality in the elderly, such as heart attack, stroke, kidney disease, and death, hypertension is currently one of the health problems associated with non-communicable diseases. It is certainly influenced by various vari¬ables, one of which is one’s cardiorespiratory fitness which can affect blood pressure. The study aims to find out if there is a correlation between cardiorespiratory fitness and blood pressure in the elderly.Subjects and Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted in Pepe Village, Kwarasan, Juwiring, Klaten, Central Java. A sample of 31 elderly people was selected by using purposive sampling. The dependent variable was blood pressure. The independent variable was cardiorespiratory fitness. Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured by the Six Minute Walking Test (SMWT). Blood pressure was measured with a sphygmomanometer. The correlation between cardiorespiratory fitness and blood pressure was tested using Pearson correlation and Spearman rho with a 95% confidence interval and p<0.050 statistical meaningfulness.Results: Cardiorespiratory fitness lowered systolic blood pressure by 0.14 mmHg (r= -0.14; p= 0.442) and diastolic blood pressure by 0.55 mmHg (r= -0.55; p= 0.771), but both were statistically insignificant.Conclusion: There was no relationship between blood pressure and physical fitness in the elderly.Keywords: hypertension, blood pressure, cardiorespiratory fitness, six-minute walking test, elderly.Correspondence: Farid Rahman. Study Program of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Jl. Ahmad Yani, Pabelan, Kartasura, Surakarta, Central Java 57162, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 085223333141.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(04): 379-386https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.04.0
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Uptake in Lowering Low Back Pain
Get PDFBackground: Low Back Pain (LBP) is a generalized pain from the second lumbar vertebra to the sacroiliac joint, and is generally a lifelong health disorder. LBP is often the cause of people feeling a decrease in ability in daily functional activities. Patients often complain of symptoms of pain, muscle spasms and impaired function. One of the interventions that can be used to reduce LBP is therapy using transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). TENS is a device used to relieve pain by stimulating nerves through electrodes transcutaneously. TENS is one of the modalities that can improve neuromuscular function or reduce pain and is very useful for patients with complaints of low back pain who experience pain and muscle weakness around the pelvis, trunk, and lower legs. LBP patient.Subject and Method: This study was a meta-analysis with the following PICO, population: low back pain patients. Intervention: administration of TENS. Comparison: not given TENS. Result: decreased pain. The articles used in this study were obtained from three databases, namely Google Scholar, Pubmed, and Science Direct. Keywords to search for articles “transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation” OR “TENS” AND “reduction pain” OR “pain relief” AND “low back pain”. The articles included are full-text English with a randomized control trial study design from 2007 to 2022. Article selection was carried out using PRISMA flow diagrams. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 . application.Results: A total of 12 case studies from continental Europe, America and Asia were selected for systematic review and meta-analysis. It was found that giving TENS -0.67 times reduced pain in complaints of low back pain compared to not given TENS significantly (SMD = -0.67; 95% CI = -1.03 to -0.32; p = 0.002).Conclusion: Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation reduces pain in low back pain patients.Keywords: Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation, reduction pain, low back painCorrespondence: Husna Arwa Salsabil, Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Mobile: +6289611006503. Email: husna0105@gmail.com.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(01): 9-18https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.01.02
Meta-Analysis: The Effectiveness of Acupucture in Reducing Pain and Improving Quality of Life in Patients with Low Back Pain
Get PDFBackground: In Indonesia, low back pain is a common health problem that can interfere with a person's productivity in carrying out activities due to the manifestations of the pain it causes. Acupuncture therapy is one of the complementary treatments that is quite effective in reducing the intensity of low back pain. This study aims to estimate the effectiveness of acupuncture therapy to reduce pain and improve quality of life in patients with low back pain.Subjects and Method: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis with PICO, Population: Low back pain patients, Intervention: Acupuncture therapy, Comparison: No acupuncture therapy, Outcome: Pain reduction and quality of life improvement. It was measured using the Oswestry Disability Index. The article search process was carried out between 2006-2022 using 3 databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct. The keywords used in the database search were “acupuncture” AND “oswestry disability index” AND “quality of life” AND “low back pain”. The inclusion criteria for full text articles using a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) study design by including the results of the study in the form of the number of respondents, the mean and standard deviation (SD) values, for articles using English and Indonesian. Articles that have met the requirements are analyzed using the RevMan 5.3 application.Results: There are 9 articles that meet quantitative requirements and are divided into 2 categories according to independent variables with a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) study design originating from Spain, Australia, South Korea, Brazil, Germany and England, which were carried out in a meta-analysis in this study. Meta-analysis of 7 articles showed estimates that acupuncture therapy was effective in reducing pain in LBP patients. Patients experienced a decrease in pain 0.32 units higher than those who were not given acupuncture therapy (SMD = 0.32; 95% CI= -0.46 to -0.17; p <0.001). Meanwhile, a meta-analysis of 9 articles showed the estimation of the effect of effective acupuncture therapy on improving the quality of life in LBP patients. Patients experienced an improvement in quality of life 0.52 units higher than those who were not given acupuncture therapy (SMD = 0.52; 95% CI= 0.22 to 0.81; p= 0.006).Conclusion: Acupuncture therapy is effective in reducing pain and improving the quality of life of LBP patients. Keywords: acupuncture, low back pain, quality of life, oswestry disability index, meta-analysisCorrespondence: Frannesty Estu Winahyu. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6285228783882.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(03): 313-325https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.03.0
The Effect of Physical Exercise on Quality of Life of Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review
Get PDFBackground: Exercise generally improves the quality of life (QoL) in adult populations especially for patients with chronic health problems such as breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of physical exercise/activity on the quality of life of breast cancer survivors. Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review study that used articles from online databases, such as PubMed, Science Direct, ProQuest dan Medline, which was published from 2000 to 2021. The author used keywords of “physical exercise”, “physical activity”, “quality of life”, “breast cancer survivor”. The dependent variable was quality of life. The independent variable was physical exercise/ activity. As many as 5 articles were selected for this study from 837 articles located in South Korea, Iran, Malaysia, and China.Results: Moderate or high levels of physical activity had positive relationship on the quality of life related to overall physical health among breast cancer survivors.Conclusion: Moderate to high physical activity improve the quality of life among breast cancer survivors.Keywords: physical exercise, physical activity, quality of life, breast cancer survivor Correspondence: Arief Wahyudi Jadmiko. Nursing Department, Faculty of Health, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta. Jl. Raya Limo Depok 16515 West Java, Indonesia Email: ariefwjadmiko@gmail.com. Mobile: 085647213628. ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9691-0986.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2021), 06(04): 377-386https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2021.06.04.0
The Relationship between Self-Care Agency and the Level of Disability to Patient with Leprosy at Daha Husada Hospital, Kediri
Get PDFBackground: Leprosy has a tendency to have physical impacts with disability on sufferers so that it affects community stigma, social isolation, welfare to quality of life. One of the efforts to prevent disability with good self-care. The objective was to determine the relationship between self-care agency and the level of disability to patients with leprosy at Daha Husada Hospital Kediri.Subjects and Method: A cross sectional study was conducted in Daha Husada Hospital, Kediri, East Java, in March, 2021. A sample of 115 patients was selected by purposive sampling. The dependent variable was the level of disability. The independent variable was self-care agency. Data were collected using questionnaires and observation sheets with ordinal scale, then analyzed using statistical test of Spearman's Rho.Results: Less ability of leprosy patients in self care agency, the greater the level of disability (r= 0.62; p<0.001).Conclusion: Less ability of leprosy patients in self-care agency, the greater level of disability. Patient are needed to improve the awareness in self-care activities and follow counseling in health services.Keywords: self care agency, the level of disability, patient with leprosy.Correspondence: Agustin Widyowati. STRADA Indonesian Institute of Health Sciences Kediri. Jl. Manila No.37, Tosaren, Kec. Pesantren, Kota Kediri, East Java 64123. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +62857-3539-9728.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(03): 344-349https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.03.1
Differences in the Effect of the Combination of Home-Based Walking Exercise and Pursed Lip Breathing with Pranayama Exercise on Increasing Lung Capacity in COPD Conditions
Get PDFBackground: Data from the pulmonary disease polyclinic at Bangil Hospital showed an increase in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patient visits. In 2018 the number of COPD patients who visited the pulmonary disease clinic for the last 3 months was 219 COPD patients. COPD patients experience deficits in caring for themselves due to various symptoms that manifest as a manifestation of the development of COPD disease. This study aimed to determine the differences in the effect of the combination of home-based walking exercise and pursed lip breathing with pranayama exercise on increasing lung capacity in COPD conditions.Subjects and Method: The design of this study is a two-group pre and post-test design. As many as 8 respondents to the pursed lip breathing intervention and home-based walking exercise and 8 respondents to the pranayama exercise according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. This study compared the effect of walking exercises combined with pursed lip breathing and pranayama exercise on increasing lung vital capacity in COPD patients. The independent variable is lung capacity. The dependent variable is home-based walking exercise and pursed lip breathing This research was conducted once a week for 12 weeks in May-August 2021 at Dungus Madiun Lung Hospital. All categories were analyzed using a Mann-Whitney run on SPSS.Results: The results before being given the combination of pursed lip breathing and home-based exercises (Mean= 95.39; SD= 0.70) compared to after being given the combination of pursed lip breathing and home-based exercises (Mean= 98.08; SD= 1.23) and statistically significant p<0.001 increases lung capacity in COPD conditions. The results before being given pranayama exercises (Mean= 95.83; SD= 0.71), after being given pranayama exercises (Mean= 97.54; SD= 0.81) and statistically significant p<0.001 increased lung capacity in COPD conditions. score in the elderly was 32.57 (Mean= 32.57; SD= 4.49).Conclusion: There is an effect of giving a combination of home-based walking exercises and pursed lip breathing in increasing the lung capacity of COPD patients. There is an effect of providing pranayama exercise in increasing the lung capacity of COPD patients.Keywords: home-based walking exercise, pranayama exercise, pursed lip breathing, lung capacityCorrespondence: Nurul Fithriati Haritsah. Department of Physiotherapy, Health Polytechnic Surakarta, Ministry of Health. Jl. Letjend Sutoyo, Mojosongo, Jebres, Surakarta 57127, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected] Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(04): 439-448https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.04.09
The Difference Effect of Special Cervical Collar with Height of 5 cm and 6 cm to Reduce Neck Pain among Students in Karanganyar, Central Java
Get PDFBackground: Specific cervical collars need to be standardized in order to effectively and efficiently reduce cervical syndrome pain. This condition occurs because the radicle vertebrae are compressed in the long term and even pain can radiate to both shoulders and even to the arches of both hands, this condition will result in abnormal and rapid fatigue. The purpose of this study was to find a standardized cervical collar design specifically to reduce cervical syndrome pain in Tahfidz Karanganyar Islamic boarding school students.Subjects and Method: This was a Randomized Control Trial (RCT) study which was con-ducted from March 2022 to August 2022 in all Tahfidz Islamic boarding schools in Karang-anyar, Central Java, Indonesia. The sample in this study were 160 students with cervical syndrome. Each group in this study consisted of 80 students who were divided into control and treatment groups using simple random sampling. The dependent variable in this study is neck pain (cervical syndrome). The independent variable is the use of the cervical collar. Data analysis uses the Independent samples t-test if the data is normal, and uses the Mann Whitney test if the data is not normal.Results: After the intervention was given, the results showed that the average pain in the intervention group using a special collar as high as 6 cm (Mean = 1.11; SD = 0.39) was lower in pain compared to the control group using a special collar as high as 5 cm (Mean = 3.50; SD = 0.57) and statistically significant (p<0.001).Conclusion: The use of a special cervical collar with a height of 6 cm is more effective in reducing pain than a special cervical collar with a height of 5 cm.Keywords: cervical syndrome, cervical collar, special cervical collar with a height of 6 cm and 5 cm.Correspondence: Alfan Zubaidi. Department of Orthotic Prosthetic, Ministry of Health Surakarta. Jl. Letjen Sutoyo, Mojosongo, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Email :[email protected] Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(04): 411-416https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.04.06
Proximal Tibial Osteosarcoma in Pediatric Patient: A Case Report
Get PDFBackground: The most frequent primary malignant bone tumor in children is osteosarcoma. Patients with osteosarcoma are currently treated with a combination of neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy as well as surgery, either limb-sparing surgery or limb-ablation surgery. How to manage the remaining bone growth during the limb-sparing procedure in youngsters is one of the challenges. Unfortunately, amputation is still many perform for OS patients. The purpose of this study was to inform and educate doctors about the value of early OS diagnosis and treatment in pediatric patients.Case Presentation: We presented case from a male 16 years old Balinese complaint of pain on her left knee 12 months ago. The pain was continuous and got worse at night. The patient went to a traditional masseuse and was given topical herbal ointment. Three months later, a lump appeared on her knee at the size of a small ball and getting bigger. We did a review slide of the previous biopsy sample by the pathology of anatomy in our hospital. The result came out as osteosarcoma with osteoblastic cells. We performed to amputated the limb-affected tumor following wound care routinely controlled.Results: Intraoperatively, we performed wide excision, without patellar tendon, medial collateral ligament, and cruciate ligament preserve. We amputated the limb-affected tumor. The patient routinely controlled to our outpatient clinic every week. Unfortunately, the patient was died after 3 weeks of admission.Conclusion: To reduce the risk of misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis of osteosarcoma, every source of knee pain with a mass in pediatric age groups should be thoroughly explored with a high index of suspicion for malignant lesions. Therefore, amputation is a cutting-edge osteosarcoma treatment that can be avoided if the patient can be identified early and treated quickly in pediatric oncology malignant instances.Keywords: osteosarcoma, long bone, diagnosis, tibia, pediatricCorrespondence: Komang Septian Sandiwidayat. Oncology Division, Department of Orthopaedic & Traumatology, Sanglah General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 62-821-4725-2042.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(03): 298-305https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.03.06