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Book Review When Rape Goes Viral: Youth and Sexual Assault in the Digital Age by Anna Gjika
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Effects of Wikipedia knowledge, algorithm awareness, and reading comprehension on undergraduates’ preference for and use of lateral reading strategies to evaluate information
Full text linkInternet users are bombarded with information and need strategies to evaluate its trustworthiness. Expert fact-checkers rely on lateral reading, which involves investigating sources, finding better coverage, and tracing information back to original contexts. This study contrasted college students’ preference for and use of lateral reading to evaluate online content, and examined factors associated with variation in preference and use. Undergraduates (N = 483) often selected lateral reading as the preferred strategy for evaluating content (multiple-choice items) without demonstrating use of lateral reading (open-response tasks). Use of lateral reading was associated with higher Wikipedia knowledge, algorithm awareness, and reading comprehension; preference was associated with higher reading comprehension. Lower rates of lateral reading were observed on source investigation problems. Students with higher Wikipedia knowledge showed greater preference for reading laterally to investigate sources. Findings suggest that media literacy curricula should provide students with opportunities to practice acting on their preferences for lateral reading strategies, while also taking into account their attitudes about Wikipedia, algorithm awareness, and reading comprehension
Exploring online search behaviors for information literacy education
Full text linkInformation Literacy education is challenged by an ever-changing and complex environment. The design and development of current and effective Information Literacy education requires a thorough understanding of how young people search information online, which mainly happens with generalist search engines. The present study involved a voluntary sample of 152 young people (age group 16-20), who were asked to solve four different information tasks. We collected 595 search stories, each containing the sequence of navigation actions performed while solving a single information task, enriched with automatic metadata. We used cluster analysis to identify emergent search behaviors, and statistical analysis to observe behavior variation and to connect emergent behaviors with performance. Visual plots were developed to make search stories inspectable by humans and also usable as instructional tools. Young people demonstrate a variety of identifiable search behaviors that differ in use of time, use of search keywords, and overall search story structure. Subjects with less elaborated search stories (about 60% of the sample) tend to be less flexible in adapting their search behavior to the task and the situation. Such heterogeneity should be considered for reinterpreting traditional Information Literacy instructional models and tools, and a starting point in the design of effective online search education lessons up to the challenges of our times
Media quiteracy: Why digital disconnection belongs in the media literacy curriculum
Full text linkIn this essay, we introduce media quiteracy, which we use to conceptualize and describe the valuable learning that can happen through the refusal to take up new media or the act of pausing or ceasing its use. We see media quiteracy as an active and generative approach to learning and argue for its inclusion in the media literacy curriculum. We trace the history of critical engagement with technologies within education and then articulate what media quiteracy can look like in practice. We surface and discuss three potential obstacles to teaching media quiteracy, which include the ways in which it problematizes assumptions around participation, progress, and efforts to limit tech use. Ultimately, we argue that media quiteracy can be an act of not only individual learning but of collective action and social transformation in a heavily mediatized, commercialized, and digitized information environment
High-Resolution Coherent Raman Spectroscopy of Phonon Equilibria in Semiconducting oxide Barium Stannate
Full text linkWe present real-time measurements of ultrafast optical phonon decay in Barium Stannate (BaSnO3, BSO) using time-domain coherent Raman spectroscopy with \u3c 120 fs time and ~0.1 cm⁻¹ spectral resolution. We traced phonon decay within multiple orders, with lifetimes ranging from 1.26 to 1.58 ps, and explained decay mechanisms via parametric phonon interactions. Objectives: BSO, a wide-bandgap semiconductor, exhibits high electron mobility, crucial for high-voltage transistors and other electronic applications. Carrier-phonon scattering impacts mobility, making phonon properties essential for understanding conductivity. Phonon decay times are inversely proportional to scattering rates. We used time-domain Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy (td-CARS) to determine phonon decay times and linewidths due to its ability to detect weak phonon modes with high spatial and spectral resolution. Methods: We used two Optical Parametric Oscillators (OPOs) driven by ultrafast Ti:Sapphire laser pulses (120 fs, 76 MHz). The OPOs excited selected Raman-active vibrations in BSO, while a probe pulse tracked anti-Stokes signals to determine decay times. Experimental data was fitted with a theoretical model to extract decay constants (T₂), decay rates (Γ), and linewidths (Δν). Results & Conclusion: We measured decay times of 1.26 ps (LO2 at 465 cm⁻¹) and 1.47 ps (LO3 at 630 cm⁻¹), yielding linewidths of 8.25 and 7.22 cm⁻¹, respectively. DFT analysis identified phonon decay channels. The study provides high-precision phonon decay data critical for understanding electronic and optical properties, with td-CARS offering superior resolution over traditional Raman techniques
Lady Detectives and Women Authors: Considering the Liminal Boundaries of Sex and Sphere in Victorian Detective Fiction
No full textLovell’s talk examines the early development and publication of detective fiction that features female detective characters, to investigate how the character of the “lady detective” developed at a time when the roles and expectations of women were shifting amid a rapidly changing world. Lovell will consider the depiction and treatment of female detective characters and their bodies in the texts – including their treatment in comparison to male detective characters of the time and in relation to their real-world female counterparts. In the sensation novels and other fiction that worked as precursors and early explorations of detective fiction, female characters were often depicted as the virtuous “angel of the house” or as femme fatale villains, as well as being the victims of the crimes to be solved by the detectives (with the primary function of simply being a body). In each of these roles, female characters and their bodies receive different treatment depending on the function of their roles – from how they are described and perceived to how they are able to act in their roles as investigators. Female detective characters were able to operate differently from other women in these texts, in different spaces and spheres, and they had particular ways of navigating social conventions of the time. By examining these texts and their depiction of female detective characters in the context of the social and cultural developments occurring during the Victorian era and at the beginning of the twentieth century, Lovell’s work aims to consider detective fiction featuring female protagonists as important both to the development of the detective genre and to changing social perceptions of boundaries of space and place applying to women at the time.
This presentation encompasses Lovell’s primary line of inquiry for the dissertation project that she is currently working on. For the presentation, Lovell considers the development of her central argument and the consideration of early female detective characters in the Victorian era and long nineteenth century
Where Can We Go From Here?
No full textAt a pivotal moment in history, artist Eric Gottesman will be speaking about his collaborative work over the past 25 years, which has fused photography, art, teaching, and civic action by incorporating interpersonal interaction as an essential component of authorship. Gottesman has never made an artwork alone, nor, would he argue, has anyone who has made or done anything done so in isolation. Shifting our lens from the individual to the collective fundamentally changes the artistic, national, global, and personal possibilities available to us in the future. Gottesman will show how it has done so for him and for the participants in projects he has worked on.
Gottesman teaches, organizes, writes, and makes artworks with other people that address nationalism, migration, structural violence, history, and intimate relations. He is a John Simon Guggenheim Fellow, a Creative Capital Artist, a Fulbright Fellow, a co-founder of For Freedoms (an artist-led organization that centers art as a catalyst for creative civic engagement), and he co-created the books Sudden Flowers (2014) and For Freedoms: Where Do We Go From Here? (2024). Gottesman is a mentor in the Arab documentary photography program in Beirut, Lebanon and the W.W. Corcoran Visiting Professor in Community Engagement at George Washington University
Democracy and Populist Rage in Recent American History
No full textIn his talk, Pulitzer Prize-winning historian Jefferson Cowie argues that the state of contemporary affairs stems not from the intricacies of recent political contests but from three major historical currents. The first is a longstanding structural weakness in American liberal institutions. The second current is deindustrialization and the erosion of US working-class power since the 1970s, which has led to high levels of wage stagnation and economic inequality, and also to the resurgence of an old theme in American populism: the nostalgic rage to reclaim lost glories of a “golden age.” These trends, deeply embedded in the American past, have converged in the twenty-first century with a third current—the volatile churn caused by a faltering global political order.
Jefferson Cowie’s work in social and political history focuses on how class, inequality, and labor shape American politics and culture. The Nation magazine described him as “one of our most commanding interpreters of recent American experience.” His most recent book, Freedom’s Dominion: A Saga of White Resistance to Federal Power, won the Pulitzer Prize for History and tells the tale of generations of local fights against the federal government that prop up a particular version of American freedom: the freedom to oppress others.
Cowie’s other texts include, The Great Exception: The New Deal and the Limits of American Politics, Stayin’ Alive: The 1970s and the Last Days of the Working Class (winner of the Francis Parkman Prize the Best Book in American History and the Merle Curti Award for the Best Book in Social and Intellectual History), and Capital Moves: RCA’s Seventy Year Quest for Cheap Labor (winner of the Phillip Taft Prize for the Best Book in Labor History). Cowie is a passionate and dedicated educator, garnering a number of teaching awards during his career. From 2008 to 2012, he served as the first House Professor and Dean of William Keeton House on Cornell’s innovative West Campus. He serves on the Board of Trustees for Deep Springs College. Cowie holds the James G. Stahlman Chair in the Department of History at Vanderbilt University
New Institutional Economics : A Few Extensions
Full text linkThis article traces out the development of the New Institutional Economics (NIE). It delineates the literature into two interrelated themes of institutional environment and institutions of governance. The rules of the game of institutional environment determine governance choices. Inefficient institutional environment results in inefficient governance mechanisms which causes misutilization of scarce resources. Institutional environment evolves over time. This article demonstrates the evolution of institutions in response to shocks with analysis of historical examples. The prevailing literature over glorifies the colonial rule of the West for the emergence of capitalist institutions. It fails to explain success stories of Japan, Mainland China and South Korea. In case of India, its present success story of democracy and economy should be traced to its ancient civilization not just the British colonial rule. Detailed research by economists on institutional evolution and functioning of India will be a good contribution to the literature